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Author(s):
Omineokuma Aseminaso Tubonemi, Eguwuenu Solomon, Amakoromo Tari, Dr. Olayinka Onasoga.
Page No : 1-25
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Perceived Effects of Strike Action by Health Workers on the Effective Health Care Service Delivery in Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State
Abstract
Background: This study was carried out to ascertain the perceived effects of strike action on the effective health care service delivery in Federal Medical Centre Yenagoa. Purpose: The objective of the study was translated in to research question. A null hypothesis was put forward: there will be no significant relationship between health workers strike action and effective health care service delivery in Federal Medical Centre Yenagoa. Relevant literature to the study was reviewed. Methods: The research methodology involved a descriptive study, where a simple random sampling technique was used to select a study population and sample size of 226 men and women from a target population of 520 health workers and patients. A structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. A total of 236 questionnaires were administered to the respondents at Federal Medical Centre; out of which, 226 questionnaires were completely filled and retrieved from the respondents while the other 10 questionnaires were lost. Data obtained were analyzed and presented using percentage tables and figures. Results: The study came out with the major findings that 158(70%) said poor working condition results to health workers strike, while 203(90%) perceived that strike results to mismanagement by alternative healers and high private hospital costs, increase financial burden on patients; increase morbidity and mortality especially the poor and unequal access to quality medical care. The null hypothesis was tested using chi-square (x2) statistical tool at 0.5 level of significance and at degree of freedom of 4. The chi-square table value is x2 =3.2784 while the critical value from x2 table of value is = 9.4858, at a P value of 0.51234. Therefore, since x2 value calculated is lesser than the critical value, the null hypothesis is rejected while the alternate hypothesis is accepted. Conclusion: Thus, there is significant relationship between health workers strike action and effective health care service delivery in Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa. Recommendations: were made based on the finding among which are: government employers should define the goals and objectives of health workers in order to avoid incessant industrial action by health workers; health workers should device other means than engage in industrial action. The implications of the study to nursing were spelt out and suggestion for further research was also made.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Omineokuma Aseminaso Tubonemi, Dr. Anthonia U. Chinweuba, Dr. Maduka Omosivie, Olurunfemi Oluwatosin Grace, Williams Selinah Atamunodukobia Vestal Ibaiateli, Obika-Ndiri Ngozi Afulenu.
Page No : 26-46
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Episiotomy Practice and its Indications from 2009-2018 in Two Selected Hospitals in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State
Abstract
Background: Episiotomy is a deliberate surgical incision to the perineum of woman in labour during vaginal delivery at the second stage of labour to facilitate the passage of the fetus. The procedure is performed with episiotomy scissors when the perineum is thin and out stretched, during a uterine contraction prior to crowning. Amis: To determine the practice of episiotomy and its indicators in two selected hospitals, Federal Medical Centre Yenagoa and Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital Okolobiri, Bayelsa State. A null hypothesis was put forward: There is no significant relationship between duration of second stage labour and indication/practice and between parity and practice of episiotomy in the hospitals. Relevant literatures were reviewed. Methods: Descriptive study, purposive sampling technique was used in which all mothers who were delivered via episiotomy at the two selected hospitals from 2009-2018. Checklist was used for data collection; case files of all deliveries were retrieved. Results: Percentages, tables and figures were used. 914 (100%) engaged in selective episiotomy practice in both hospitals, with 36.8 (40.3%) indicating episiotomy as primigravida permeating disrespectful maternity care. The null hypothesis was tested using Chi-square (X2) statistical tool at 0.05 level of significance and at a degree of freedom of 4. Statistical illustration of relationship between indication and practice of episiotomy: The Chi-square table on this is X2 = 36.453 at a P value of 0.021 which is less than 0.05 and as such null hypothesis accepted. On the other hand, relationship between duration of second state of labour and practice of episiotomy shows that the duration of second stage of labour influences the practice of episiotomy from Chi-square table value which is X2 =20.361 at a P value of 0.042 which is less than 0.05 thus null hypothesis was rejected and the alternate hypothesis accepted. Conclusion: Policy makers should define the goal and objective, train and retrain professionals on the practice of episiotomy procedure. Midwives and obstetricians should encourage perineal massage from 3rd stage of labour to prevent perianal tear.
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Author(s):
Omitogun Ezekiel Olusola, Ogunfowokan Rukayat Temitope, Omitogun Omolola M.
Page No : 47-54
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Availability of Social Support Among Inmates of Maximum-Security Prisons, Southwest Nigeria
Abstract
Social support in the prison system is an essential aspect of rehabilitation programme for the incarcerated indviduals who have no control over decisions being made as regard their daily living during the period of incarceration. This study assessed the social supports available to the inmates of Maximum Security Prisons in Southwest Nigeria.
Descriptive survey design was employed for the study and the target population were the inmates Maximum Security Prisons in Southwest Nigeria. Three hundred and forty (340) participants from the maximum prisons were used for the study. An adapted questionnaire of multidimensional scale of perceived social support was used to collect data from the participants. Data were analyzed using descriptive tools and results presented in tables depicting frequencies and percentages.
The findings shows that 71% were males and 29% were females; 124 (36.9%) were below 25 years of age and 122 (35.8%) were between 26 and 35 years; 151 (45%) were married, 152 (45%) single and 37 (11%) were separated. Social support was low from family and friends with mean score of 2.84 and 2.49 respectively while NGOs and correctional officers’ support were 3.45 and 4.34 respectively.
The study concluded that respondents’ social support were inadequate from their family and friends whereas, correctional officers and non-governmental organizations were supportive in spite of social stigma in the society.
Keywords: Correctional Officers, Incarceration, Inmates, Social Support,
| 4 |
Author(s):
Soneye Yetunde Florence, Dr. Catherine O. Agbede.
Page No : 55-65
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Correlates of Information-Seeking Behaviour and use of LARCs among Women in Sagamu Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria
Abstract
Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptive (LARC) methods are highly effective methods of birth control including intrauterine devices (IUD) and the implant. There is often a lower rate of usage with these methods due to factors such as high upfront cost, invasive insertion methods, and possible side effects. This research established the correlates of information seeking behavior and use of long acting reversible contraceptives among women attending infant welfare clinic in Sagamu Local Government Area of Ogun State. A cross-sectional survey research design of the was employed in the study. Two hundred and sixty-three (263) women attending infant welfare clinic were sampled for this study. A self-designed questionnaire was the main instrument used for data collection, which was pilot tested through test-re-test and yielded a reliability coefficient (index) of 0.813. Five research questions and four hypotheses were formulated and tested. Analyses of data was done using both descriptive (frequency counts and percentages) and inferential (multiple regression) statistics fixed at the .05 significant levels. The findings from this study showed significant associations between knowledge on information about LARC, media influence, enabling factors and the level of use of LARC and information seeking behavior on long acting reversible contraceptives (LARC) among women attending infant welfare clinic in Sagamu Local Government Area of Ogun State. In conclusion, women's information seeking behaviour on the use of long acting reversible contraceptives (LARC) was significantly associated with knowledge, media, policies, cost and availability of LARC as well as the level of use of LARC. The study therefore recommends that there is the need for Local Government health Officials to invest in LARC sensitization campaign for both rural and urban communities’ strategies towards such efforts would help to increases the prevalence of modern contraception including LARC in the country.
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Author(s):
Aduragbemi Oluwapelumi Ogunleye.
Page No : 66-75
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Forestalling Medical Errors among the Nigerian Nursing Students
Abstract
Various existing literatures on healthcare are of the opinion that ‘health is wealth’ and that living in good health is the desire of everybody. However, regular occurrences of medical errors in various health facilities have posed a major challenge to the healthcare system in Nigeria. This paper therefore aims at: working towards forestalling medical errors among the upcoming nurses that are presently students, addressing the existing challenges of medical error so that the public will once again repose their confidence in medical personnel and to suggest ways of repositioning the status of nursing profession to its enviable position. The paper employs both primary and secondary sources of data collection. The primary source involves oral interview with people that have experienced medical errors; either directly or indirectly. The secondary source contains prints and internet materials. Findings revealed that medical errors have caused a lot of damages to their victims; takes longer period of treatment, incurs additional cost and psychological trauma to patients. To forestall medical errors among student nurses in Nigeria, the paper recommends recruitment of qualified nurses who will provide mentorship roles to nurses on training; there must be reduction in workload and overtime on both practicing and student nurses while on clinical training; there must be clarification of physician’s orders given to both student and registered nurses and nurses themselves must adhere strictly to their Nightingale’s Pledge by being alive to their responsibilities. The paper concludes that if the following recommendations are followed, medical errors will be forestalled among the Nigerian student nurses and will be reduced to the barest minimum among the registered nurses.
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Author(s):
Abaribe Chidinma Emeka (RN, BNSc, MSc) , Somade Eunice Chinwe (RN, RM, RON, B.Sc. (Ed), BNSc, MSc).
Page No : 76-88
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Assessment of the Knowledge of Mothers about Family Life Education of their Children in Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
Abstract
Family life education is an organized effort to enrich and improve the quality of individual and family life by providing people with information, skills, experiences and resources intended to strengthen, improve, or enrich their family experience. This research work assessed the knowledge of mothers about family life education of their children in Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State. The study adopted a cross sectional descriptive survey. Three research questions and one hypothesis were generated, self-developed questionnaire was used to collect data from 183 mothers selected through stratified random sampling technique. Their responses were collated and analyzed using the SPSS version 22.0. Results showed 62.3% of the mothers had little knowledge about the content of family life education. This implies that mothers still have some factors hindering them from teaching family life education to their children. The hypothesis revealed that there is a significant difference between the mother’s knowledge and teaching of family life education with a p-value of 0.035. In conclusion, the mothers seem to have a fair knowledge of family life education but lack the skill to impart it.
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Author(s):
Oji Aleruchi Lenchi, Dr. Okafor Ngozi.
Page No : 89-98
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Effect of Nurse-led Intervention on Childhood Diarrhoea Home Management Skill of Caregivers in Emohua, Nigeria: Quasi Experimental Study
Abstract
Background: Diarrhoea causes morbidity and death in children under-five years of age. These deaths can be averted through proper home-based management administered by caregivers who are first responders in childhood diarrhoea episodes. Purpose: The effect of nurse-led educational intervention on childhood diarrhoea home management skills of caregivers in Emohua LGA, Rivers state was assessed in this study. Materials and Methods: A one group quasi-experimental study design was adopted and 304 consenting caregivers were recruited from Emohua LGA for this study. A structured questionnaire was administered to obtain sociodemographic characteristics and assess childhood diarrhoea management skill of the study participants at baseline. Questionnaire was pretested in Eneka village in Obio-Akpor LGA, Rivers state with Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of 0.84. Childhood diarrhoea home management skill was assessed with a fourteen-item instrument on a 5-point Likert scale (1-5) generating an overall score range of 14-70. The WHO integrated management of childhood illness module was adopted for Nurse-led intervention, which was administered in English, Pidgin English and the local dialect. Follow-up assessment of caregivers’ childhood diarrhoea home management skill was carried out 4-weeks after nurse-led intervention. Data obtained was analysed using statistical package for social sciences version 20. Discontinuous data was summarised as frequency and percentage while continuous data was summarised as mean and standard deviation. Differences in pre- and post- intervention proportions and mean scores were analysed with Chi-square and Paired t-test respectively. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Study participants comprised of 219 females (74%) and 77 males (26%), with majority of the study participants aged 25-34 years (68.9%). The highest level of education of most of the caregivers was Secondary education with Fishing (43.9%) being the most common occupation. There were significant increases in childhood diarrhoea home management skill of caregivers’ post intervention compared to pre-intervention in the areas of diarrhoea prevention measures, timing of ORS administration, ORS preparation, drug therapy and care seeking attitude. Mean home management score increased significantly from 43.24±7.30 pre-intervention to 56.38±4.03 post-intervention (t= 27.025, p=0.000). Conclusion/ Implications for Practice: Childhood diarrhoea home management skill of caregivers improved significantly 4-weeks after nurse-led educational intervention. Provision of continuous education on home management of childhood diarrhoea for caregivers by community health nurses should be encouraged due to its potential to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with diarrhoea diseases.
| 8 |
Author(s):
Bright Mukanga, Taonga Zulu, Tato Herbert Nyirenda, Victor Daka, David Mulenga (Ph.D).
Page No : 99-114
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Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Towards Unsafe Abortions among Tertiary Education Female Students in Kitwe, Zambia
Abstract
Background: The World Health Organisation estimates that at least 33% of all women seeking hospital care of complications related to abortions are under the age of 24. We conducted a cross-sectional study to describe knowledge, attitude and practice regarding unsafe abortions among tertiary education female students in Kitwe, Zambia. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among 238 randomly selected female students in tertiary education institutions in Kitwe. Using cluster sampling, three (3) government institutions were selected for inclusion in this study. A pre-tested self-administered questionnaire was used. Responses regarding knowledge, attitudes and practices were scored and graded. Pearson’s chi-square was used to ascertain the associations of knowledge, attitudes, practices and age. Results: The majority of the respondents (69.2%) had good knowledge on unsafe abortion. More than three quarters of the respondents (78.6%) had negative attitude towards the practice of unsafe abortion. Age was significantly associated with knowledge (p<0.005). Death (65.5%) was the most reported complication of unsafe abortion. Others were bareness (52.9%), womb damage (34.0%), haemorrhage (17.2%) and infections (11.8%). Among the reasons reported to lead to unsafe abortions among female students, unpreparedness (43.7%) of bearing the child was the most common. 9.2% of the students reported having had an abortion before and 14.7% reported that they would abort if they fell pregnant. More than half (58%) indicated that they were aware about the Termination of Pregnancy Act. Out of those who had an abortion, the majority (54%) reported having used traditional herbs to terminate the pregnancy while about 2.7% reported having terminated the pregnancy at the hospital. Conclusion: Our findings show that abortions are endemic among females in institutions of higher learning in Kitwe district. Public health interventions should be centred on increasing awareness on safe abortion methods and improve female student’s access to safe abortion services in health centres.
