Antioxidant Effects of Solanum Aethiopicum Extract on Oxidative Stress Markers in Potassium Bromate-Treated Wistar Rats.

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of Solanum aethiopicum (GEL) on glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and malionaldehyde (MDA) in potassium bromate-induced cell toxicity in Wistar rats. In the method, a total of thirty (30) Wistar rats weighing (140-150g) were used for the experiment. The rats were grouped into four (5) groups according to their body weight. Each group contains five (6) Wistar rats. Group 1 was normal control group fed with standard rat pellets and 0.2ml of normal saline, Group 2 was administered potassium bromate (50mg/kg), Group 3 was administered with low dose GEL-300mg/kg, Group 4 was administered with high dose GEL- 600mg/kg while Group 5 was administered with Vit.C-100mg/kg using oropharyngeal cannulas. Potassium bromate was administered for 2 weeks for groups 3,4 and 5 before administration of the extracts. All the animal had free access to food and water. Administration was carried out every day for the period of 14 days, after which the animal were sacrificed. Serum GPx and MDA were assayed using spectrophotometric methods and data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. Results showed that potassium bromate administration reduced GPX activity and MDA levels relative to control. Co-treatment with low dose GEL significantly (P<0.05) enhanced GPX activity and normalized MDA levels, while the high dose GEL did not differ compared to control. Conversely, vitamin C markedly increased MDA and suppressed GPx activity demonstrating a paradoxical pro-oxidant effect. These findings suggest that S. aethiopicum leaf extract exerts dose dependent anti-oxidant effects, with the low dose providing a greater protective modulation.