Investigation and Phytotreatment of Mixed Infection of Malaria and Pathogenic Microbiota in the Reproductive Tracts of Rural Women in Okigwe LGA.

Abstract:

Cross-sectional study was conducted among 120 women of reproductive age in Okigwe LGA. of Imo State to investigate efficacy of phytotherapy using local plant-based remedies, for managing mixed infections of malaria and Reproductive tract infections (RTIs). Participants were screened for malaria using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and for RTIs through microbiological analysis of vaginal swabs. Identified pathogens were cultured and analyzed for antimicrobial sensitivity. Phytotherapeutic treatments, including Artemisia annua, Moringa oleifera, and Allium sativum, were administered to a subgroup of women diagnosed with mixed infections. Efficacy was evaluated based on symptoms resolution, microbiological clearance, and malaria parasite count before and after treatment. Results revealed that all the women tested positive for varying degrees of malaria, with 35% of those also showing evidence of RTIs. The most common pathogens identified included Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, and Gardnerella vaginalis. After a 14-day treatment regimen, 70% of the women showed a reduction in pathogen load and symptomatic relief, Phytotherapy with Artemisia annua showed a significant reduction in malaria parasitemia, while Moringa oleifera and Allium sativum exhibited antimicrobial effects against common reproductive tract pathogens. Phytotherapy using local plants, such as Artemisia annua, Moringa oleifera, and Allium sativum, showed promising alternative to conventional treatments.