Influence of Air Pollutants on Ocular Health Among Road Transport Workers in Imo State, Nigeria.

Abstract:

Air pollution is a major public health concern linked to various diseases, including ocular health problems. In Nigeria, road transport workers, particularly drivers, are highly exposed to pollutants due to occupational hazards. Limited research exists on the ocular impacts of air pollution in this population. This study aimed to determine the influence of air pollutants on ocular health among road transport workers in Imo State, Nigeria, and assess awareness and preventive measures related to air pollution and ocular health. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in motor parks across three senatorial zones of Imo State. A total of 552 road transport workers, including drivers, conductors, and traders, were surveyed using structured questionnaires and clinical eye examinations. Data were analyzed for socio-demographics, presence of ocular problems, awareness, and use of preventive measures. The study revealed that 81.2% of the examined eyes had ocular issues. Pterygium (35.8%) and dry eye syndrome (22.2%) were the most common conditions. Awareness of air pollution's impact on ocular health was high (84.1%), but only 31% of participants used preventive measures. Those who applied preventive measures had significantly lower rates of ocular problems (51.5%) compared to those who did not (94.5%). Protective practices like wearing glasses and avoiding smoke areas were associated with reduced ocular issues. Thus, air pollution significantly affects the ocular health of road transport workers in Imo State. Increasing awareness and promoting the use of preventive measures are essential to mitigating these health impacts.