Ameliorative Effects of Tannin Fractionate of Cyperus Esculentus Tuber on Lead-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Rats.

Abstract:

Aims: Hepatoprotective activity of the tannin fraction of Cyperus esculentus was studied against lead-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty adult male Wistar rats were divided into four (4) groups, (A-D) (n=5). Group A was administered normal saline only. Groups B, C, and D were fed 30mg/kg body weight of lead. Additionally, groups C and D were administered with 50mg/kg body weight and 100mg/kg body weight of tannin fraction of Cyperus esculentus respectively orally for 28 days. The following day after the last administration, the animals were sacrificed under 50 mg/kg body weight of thiopental anesthesia, and blood samples were obtained through the intra-cardiac puncture to assay the levels of liver enzymes [Aspartate transaminase (AST) and Alanine transaminase (ALT)] and oxidative stress markers [malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT)]. The liver of the rats was harvested, weighed, and fixed in 10% formol saline and sectioned for histological studies using hematoxylin and eosin. Results: Results showed that treatment with lead was associated with decreased levels of SOD, CAT, GSH, and increased MDA activities. Also observed is a significant increase in liver enzymes (AST and ALT) in the Lead-treated group. The histological result revealed alterations of hepatic structure including hepatocytic vacuolations and sinusoidal congestion following lead treatment. While treatment with tannin fraction of Cyperus esculentus prevented and reversed lead-induced hepatic injury.