Impact of Green Procurement Practices on Sustainable Production and Consumption Outcomes: Evidence from Local Governments in Greater Accra.

Abstract:

The concept of sustainable development has gained global attention due to rising environmental concerns and climate change. Green Public Procurement (GPP) is crucial for promoting sustainable production and consumption (SPC), particularly in developing countries like Ghana. This research examines the impact of GPP on SPC in Metropolitan, Municipal, and District Assemblies (MMDAs) in the Greater Accra Region, focusing on supplier selection, green purchasing, and supplier development. A quantitative approach was used, collecting data from 171 procurement officers across 17 MMDAs, analysed through descriptive and inferential statistics, including regression analysis. The main findings indicate a moderate level of GPP practice adoption, with supplier selection (mean = 3.35) and green purchasing (mean = 3.64) exhibiting higher scores than supplier development (mean = 3.26). The regression analysis shows that institutional factors (β = 0.532, p < 0.01) and GPP practices (β = 0.311, p < 0.01) together account for 55.4% (R² = 0.554) of the variance in SPC outcomes. Strong policy guidance (r = 0.619) and sustainability training (r = 0.609) were key enablers, while budgetary constraints had a minimal effect (r = -0.003). Notably, 75% of respondents reported reduced waste and energy expenses from GPP implementation, aligning with global findings on its economic and environmental benefits. The study concludes that while GPP practices are gaining traction, their success relies on solid institutional frameworks, and recommends improving policy clarity, investing in training, and fostering supplier partnerships to enhance sustainable procurement, which supports SDG 12 in local governance.