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Author(s):
Niren Ray Maharaj.
Page No : 1-8
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Reducing Obstetric Errors and Improving Patient Safety
Abstract
The first global initiative to improve patient safety was passed by the World Health Assembly in 2002. Notwithstanding, patients continue to experience healthcare related harms despite advancements in medical technologies. Patient safety strategies do exist in certain institutions; however, they may not be consistent, well applied or appreciated by all staff. Errors in obstetric care are common due to the dynamic nature of the discipline and are associated with a high incidence of litigation, which drives interest away from obstetric practice. This article aims to improve our understanding of medical errors and related terminology, explore strategies to reduce errors in obstetrics and improve patient safety in all areas of care. Reporting systems and guidelines are also suggested with a view to achieving improved patient outcomes in the field.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Okoroafor Nkiru L., Esievo N. Judith, Ijeoma Maduakolam, Ijeoma Okoronkwo.
Page No : 9-27
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The Determinants of Partograph Utilisation among Obstetric Care Providers at Primary Healthcare Level in South-East Nigeria: A Mixed-Methods Study
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged and obstructed labour is responsible for 8% of maternal deaths can be prevented by using partograph during labour since complications can be discovered early and avoided. The goal of this study was to determine the factors that influence partograph utilisation (barriers and facilitators) among Obstetric caregivers in primary healthcare centres, Orlu local government area of Imo State, southeast Nigeria. METHOD A mixed method design was adopted for the study. For quantitative and qualitative data collection, a semi-structured questionnaire and an interview guide were utilised. A structured validated proforma was also used to collect data from patient records in all the health centres. The qualitative study consisted of oral interviews conducted among 22-unit heads in the 22 health centres. The data were analysed using simple descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentages, and the results were presented in tables. RESULTS According to the findings, the use of partograph among Obstetric caregivers in primary Healthcare centres in Orlu L.G.A was determined by personal factors such as skill incompetency in carrying out an assessment with the partograph (2.6±0.87); time constraint (2.8±0.55), institutional factors influencing the use of partograph included, non-availability of partograph (2.9±0.92), Lack of adequate orientation (3.4±0.58), Lack of training (3.3±0.47). The qualitative data revealed barriers to the use of the partograph to include unavailability of partograph, inadequate number of staff, increased workload and poor supervision. For partograph utilisation to improve among obstetric caregivers, further training and employment of more staff are needed, provision of partograph forms are also important factors to consider.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Ajibade Iyanuoluwa Tobiloba, Ajibade Philip Omotayo, Kolawole Sodeinde, Akinbola Akinyemi, Nwachukwu Boris Chichebem.
Page No : 28-42
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Knowledge, Attitude and Prevalence of Postpartum Depression among Mothers Attending Immunization Clinics in Osogbo Local Government, Osun State
Abstract
Postpartum depression is one of the most common complications that occurs in mothers which has negative effects on the babies whose mothers were affected. The study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude and prevalence of postpartum depression. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was adopted for this study. A multistage sampling technique was used to enroll 250 nursing mothers from the total population using 8 health facilities in the location. Data was collected using a pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire which included a standardized tool (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale). Analysis was carried out using IBM SPSS V21.0. Frequency, chi-square and binary logistic regression analysis were used to give statistical responses and associations between the variables. The result of the analysis showed that the prevalence of postpartum depression was 33.6%. Majority (60%) of the respondents had fair knowledge of postpartum depression. More than half (52.4%) of the respondents had a moderate attitude towards postpartum depression. There was no statistically significant association between knowledge, attitude towards postpartum depression and prevalence of postpartum depression. There was a significant association between previous history of postpartum depression, occupation of the spouse and the prevalence of postpartum depression. Postpartum depression is known to be a major public health concern for women of reproductive age. The study revealed a high prevalence rate of postpartum depression, it therefore recommended that the government should implement policies and also programs that would promote awareness and early recognition of postpartum depression.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Omnia RamzyReyadAbd El-gwaad, Furat Hussein Mahmoud, Sabah NazehMohmmed Eldriny.
Page No : 43-59
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Assessment of Nurses’ Knowledge and Practice Regarding Intra- Abdominal Pressure Measurement and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome Prevention
Abstract
Background: Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome are potentially life-threatening conditions. Measuring intra-abdominal pressure helps identify patients developing intra-abdominal hypertension, which allows for timely intervention before progression to abdominal compartment syndrome. It is often measured by the bedside nurse in the intensive care unit, who plays a key role in managing critically ill patients and recognizing potential causes for clinical deterioration. Therefore, they should be knowledgeable about this entity.Aim: The aim of this study was to assess nurses’ knowledge and practice regarding intra-abdominal pressure measurement and abdominal compartment syndrome prevention. Design: A descriptive exploratory design was utilized in this study. Subject: A convenience sample of about 60 male and female nurses. Setting: The study was carried out at intensive care unit and cardiac care units at Kom Hamada and Itay el Baroad Hospital. Data collection tools: two tools were used for data collection(I) Knowledge assessment questionnaire: which included (a) Socio-demographic data (b) Nurses’ knowledge related to intra-abdominal pressure measurement, intra- abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome prevention. (II): The observational checklist: To assess nurses' practices regarding intra-abdominal pressure measurement. Results: The results showed that the most studied nurses (80%) had poor knowledge regarding all items related to intra-abdominal pressure measurement, intra-abdominal hypertension, and complications of abdominal compartment syndrome. moreover, about (71.7%) of the studied nurses had an unsatisfactory level of practice regarding intra-abdominal pressure measurement. Conclusion: critical care Nurses' understanding of intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome is generally falling short in the areas of presentation and outcomes, necessitating tailored and targeted educational interventions.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Ajibade Iyanuoluwa Tobiloba, Oyerinde Oyewole Olusesan (Ph.D.), Ajibade Philip Omotayo, Nkanga Annieye Essien, Dangana Jonathan, Faith Johnson.
Page No : 60-70
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Predictors of Help-Seeking Intention of Nursing Mothers Towards Postpartum Depression in Osogbo, Osun State
Abstract
Postpartum depression is one of the major public health concerns for women of reproductive age. Studies have shown a rise in postpartum depression among nursing mothers in every part of Southwest Nigeria.Therefore, this study examined the predictors (Knowledge and sociodemographic characteristics) of Help-seeking intention towards postpartum depression among nursing mothers in Osogbo, Osun State. A cross-sectional design was adopted for this study. The multistage sampling technique was used to enroll two hundred and fifty nursing mothers from the total population of nursing mothers from facilities in the study location. Data was collected using a validated interviewer-administered questionnaire consisting of items on demographic characteristics, Knowledge of nursing mothers on postpartum depression, and items on Help-seeking intention towards postpartum depression. A standard mental help-seeking intention tool was used. Help-seeking intention toward postpartum depression was measured on a 7-point rating scale, which was categorised into low (≤ 4) and high (> 4-7). Descriptive statistics (Frequency) and Inferential statistics (Chi-square, binary logistic regression) were conducted to give statistical responses to the research hypotheses. The mean age of the mothers was 29.3 ± 5.4 years. The majority (85.6%) of the respondents were married. More than half (58.4%) of the respondents had tertiary education. More than half (59.6%) of the respondents had high Help-seeking intention toward postpartum depression. Furthermore, the respondent’s level of education had a significant relationship with Help-seeking intention toward postpartum depression (X2=19.1; p=0.004). However, there was no significant between respondent’s age (X2= 1.58;p=0.45); marital status (X2= 3.51; p=0.32); religion (X2=1.18;p=0.55); occupation (x= 10.0; p= 0.07); monthly income (X2= 5.71; p= 0.06) and Help-seeking intention toward postpartum depression. There was a statistically significant association between the respondents' knowledge and the Help-seeking intention of nursing mothers.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Samira Hassan Mohamed, Şeyma Zehra Altunkurek, Hasan Hüseyin Eker, Kardelen Ozcoban, Fatih Hacimustafaoglu, İstar Abdikadar Abdi.
Page No : 71-86
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Health-Promoting Lifestyle and its Determinants among University Students in Mogadishu, Somalia
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the healthy lifestyle behaviors of students at a university in Mogadishu, Somalia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 347 university students >16 in Mogadishu, Somalia, from October to December 2020. The data were collected by using a self-administered questionnaire and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II) Scale throughout that period. Demographic characteristics and health- promoting lifestyle were evaluated. T-test, Anova, post hoc (Tukey, LSD) and multiple regression analysis were used for statistical analyses. The healthy lifestyle behavior point averages of the students were found to be at a medium level (125.8±24.60). A significant difference was found in the total mean HPLP-II scores by gender, age, diagnosis of health problems, and exercise habits (p<0.05). The data showed significant associations among some subscales of the HPLP-II, gender, age, education level of mother, income status and have a chronic health problem, while participating in sporting activities was found to be statistically significant with all subscales of the HPLP-II (p < 0.05). Students’ lifestyle behaviors were found to be moderately healthy. Intervention studies are needed to support Somali students in making healthy lifestyle choices and improve their health promotion attitudes.
| 7 |
Author(s):
Paulina Ackley Akpan-Idiok , Emmanuel Chukwunwike Enebeli.
Page No : 87-97
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Psychological Impact of Covid-19 Surge among Healthcare Workers in Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Care Settings in Cross River State, Nigeria
Abstract
Introduction: This study investigates the psychological impact of COVID-19 surge and the community spread among healthcare workers (HCWs) in the three tiers of health care delivery system in CRS. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted for this study. Total population sampling technique guided the recruitment of 776 consenting healthcare workers from one tertiary, one secondary and three randomly selected primary healthcare centres in the state. A well validated researcher developed, adapted and modified 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) online questionnaire with a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient reliability of 0.76, used for data collection. Result: Majority of the respondents were nurses 460 (63.3%) and the mean age was 37.3. The incidence of depression, anxiety, stress and overall psychological problems were 288 (37.1%), 375 (48.3%) 316 (40.7%) and 402 (51.8%). The overall psychological problems were higher in females 331 (58.0%) than in males 71 (34.6%) (PR=1.67). Compared with HCWs who do not have personal contact with patients, HCWs who have personal contact with patients had a higher prevalence of psychological problems (PR=1.83). Conclusion: COVID-19 pandemic has negative psychological impacts on HCWs, and having a pre-existing medical condition increases the risk of impact. Word count: 194 words
| 8 |
Author(s):
Farouk Umar Abubakar, Maduakolam Ijeoma O., Agnes Chinyere Onyekachi-Chigbu.
Page No : 98-109
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Effective Precepting of Nursing and Midwifery Students in the Clinical Setting: Role of Educators and Clinicians
Abstract
This paper aims to discuss the roles of Educators and Clinicians in effective precepting of Nursing and Midwifery Students in the Clinical Setting. It aids both experienced and new preceptors to become more effective teachers in the delivery of their roles to students, interns and newly employed nurses while maintaining the standard of Nursing & Midwifery clinical area. The paper discussed vast literature surrounding the phenomena of preceptorship in nursing. The paper enlightens the concept of establishing an effective preceptorship, teaching strategies for effective preceptorships, challenges confronting precepting’s, roles and responsibilities of educators and clinicians’ receptors and benefits of effective precepting. Recommendations made in the paper are; Strengthening preceptorship in providing theoretical and practical knowledge to the nursing students, each student nurse should have a formally assigned preceptor that is responsible for the academic growth of that student, preceptor can use various teaching strategies for effective student’s clinical practice, nursing leaders and administrators should put on more effort in improving precepting activities in hospitals and institutions, professional organisations should give more support to precepting in nursing for professional development.
Keywords: preceptorship, preceptors, preceptee, roles of Educator & clinicians, Students Nurses.
| 9 |
Author(s):
Olabode Opeoluwa O., Onasoga Olayinka A., Aluko Joel O..
Page No : 110-123
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Patient Satisfaction with Intrapartum Care Provided by Nurse-Midwives in Civil Service Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
Abstract
Half a million women are estimated to die each year from pregnancy and childbirth. Greater than half of maternal and child deaths occur in Africa. Most of these deaths are caused by complications during or just after delivery and most of the complications are avoidable. Also, when reimbursement and performance policy is becoming a thing of need, patient experience and satisfaction is one of the ways of assessing and measuring the quality of care received in the health facility. This study attempted to explore patients’ satisfaction with intrapartum care provided by nurse-midwives in Civil Service Hospital, in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. This is to enhance understanding of patients’ perception and values of pregnant women during delivery, as well as factors influencing their satisfaction in other to guide nurse-midwives in providing quality care. Hence, working towards health-related Sustained Development Goals (SDGs) to reduce child mortality by two-thirds. The study employed a qualitative research design and a purposive sampling technique was used to select 16 mothers who just delivered in Civil Service Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State. A semi-structured interview guide was used to collect the data. In-depth Interviews were done which comprised 16 participants. A qualitative method (thematic analysis) was used to analyse the data. Findings from the discussions revealed that the majority of the women said that they are highly satisfied with the provided by the nurse-midwives because of the type of care received from the competent nurses. it was also discovered that expectation is highly linked with satisfaction. Based on the findings; the participants recommended that the toilet facility, labour rooms and hospital beds should be renovated; electricity and water supply should be improved.
| 10 |
Author(s):
Oyewumi Zaccheus Opeyemi.
Page No : 124-138
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Differential Utilisation of two Therapeutic Methods in the Management of Diarrhoea among Under-Five Children Attending Primary Health Care Centres in Oyo State, Nigeria
Abstract
Diarrhoea remains the leading killer of children, accounting for approximately 9 percent of all deaths among children under age 5 worldwide in 2019. This translates to over 1,300 young children under five dying each day, or about 484,000 children a year, despite the availability of a simple treatment solution like the use of oral rehydration therapy (ORS) and zinc supplements. Therefore, this study evaluated the differential utilisation of ORS and Zinc supplements in the management of diarrhoea among under five children attending primary health care centres in Oyo State, Nigeria from 2017 to 2021. The researcher conducted a retrospective cohort study from 2017 to 2021 to evaluate the differential utilisation of ORS and Zinc supplements in the management of diarrhoea among under five children in Oyo State, Nigeria. Secondary analysis of the treatment data from selected primary health care centres in Oyo State was conducted from 2017 to 2021; the number of patients diagnosed of diarrhoea with their age group and treated with either ORS or zinc supplements on admission were analysed for each year at each of the PHC. A significant positive, near perfect correlation was found to occur between number of diarrhoea cases and ORS usage and age range (r= 0.983; p=0.01) and number of diarrhoea cases with Zinc usage (r= 0.914; p= 0.01); translating to the fact that ORS and Zinc usages increased with increased number of diarrhoea cases. Increase in ORS usage also positively correlates with usage of Zinc among the under five children. It was concluded that the most affected age group with the highest diarrhoea rate are children within 12-59 months. There is thus a need to improve the sensitisation of the use of oral rehydration therapy and zinc supplements by the health care workers in our Primary Health Care centres. Again, adequate preventive and control strategies should be put in place at the PHC, Local and State levels to improve on data reporting on cases of under-five diarrhoea disease.
| 11 |
Author(s):
Ogunmodede Eunice Oluwakemi, Aluko J.O., Anorkwuru R..
Page No : 139-154
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Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Breast Self-Examination in Nigeria: A 10 Year Systematic Review
Abstract
Background: Among the screening methods for the early detection of breast abnormalities that could lead to breast cancer, Breast self-examination is the basic, simplest, cost effective, self-administered and very important technique. It allows women to get acquainted with the nature of their breasts and therefore allows them to discover any deviation. Early detection goes a long way in successful treatment of BC and this is easily come by with good and adequate knowledge, good attitude towards and excellent skill to administer BSE. Consequently, we drew out the data on BSE knowledge, attitudes and practice among Nigeria women. Methods: A systematic review was done among studies conducted in Nigeria using Arskey and O’Malleys’ framework as a guide. The databases searched include PubMed, Google, Google Scholar, Jstor, Intech Open, Proquest and PubMed Central for relevant studies on women’s knowledge, attitude and practice on BSE. Studies included in the review were from thirteen states in Nigeria. The articles reviewed in this systematic review were journals published between August 2012 to July 2022, a 10-year systematic review. Results: Sixty-three (63) articles were firstly extracted to be eligible for review; thirty-seven (37) were excluded due to duplication of content, lack of focus on the concept and incomplete content. Another nine (9) were discarded for muddling up result with another concept and for not involving at least two of the variables, i.e., knowledge, attitude and practice of breast self-examination. The seventeen (17) articles were conducted in thirteen states of which two (2) were conducted in Osun State as well as Sokoto State and three in Oyo State while one (1) each in other ten states, namely Benin, Kano, Imo, Akwa-Ibom, Ekiti, Ebonyi, Abia, Ondo, Awka, and Lagos States. Twelve (12) studies reported evidence on BSE knowledge, attitude and practice; three (3) on knowledge and practice; and two (2) reported on attitude and practice of BSE. The findings of this study submit varying knowledge levels on BSE though—averagely good knowledge but poor practice among women in Nigeria. Conclusion/Recommendation: The findings from these studies show that the knowledge of BSE among women folk in Nigeria is averagely low though women’s attitude seems good. Similarly, the practice of BSE among women in Nigeria is poor. Therefore, proactive measures need to be taken to increase the level of knowledge of BSE through educational programs among every category of women to reduce morbidity and mortality from breast cancer in Nigeria in the nearest future.
| 12 |
Author(s):
Ndubuisi Sunday F., Makata Ngozi E..
Page No : 155-167
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Workplace Commitment Among Nurses in Edo State Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
Aim: To assess the level of workplace commitment among Nurses in Edo state tertiary health institutions. Design: A cross-sectional study. Method: An adapted self-administered questionnaire was utilised for data collection, 326 nurses were administered a questionnaire between October 4th to November 12th, 2021 to assess workplace commitment among nurses working in Edo state and to identify the relationship between the categorical variable (gender, age and length of service). Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25 and the Chi-Square test were used for the analysis. The result was presented in tables. Result: Ninety-five per cent (310) of the participants filled and returned their questionnaire, among the respondent was 66.8% female. Regarding the workplace commitment sub-construct, the affective and continuance saw 44.13% and 42.64% disagreement respectively while 42.57% agreed on normative. The participants, (41.81%) expressed low levels of workplace commitment and there was no significant relationship between the categorical variables and workplace commitment. Conclusion: The low level of workplace commitment among nurses is not a good phenomenon for health institutions as this may reduce nurses' output and necessitate intent to leave for another health care facility either within or outside the shores of Nigeria adding to the stress of the remaining healthcare worker. Therefore, it is expedient to improve nurses' rewards accordingly, ensure a good leadership style, and involve them in policy-making in the hospital to improve their attachment and identification with their place of work.
