Mathematical Analysis of Typhoid-HCV Co-Infection Transmission Dynamics.

Abstract:

The World Health Organization had strategized a global eradication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) since 2016 because of its impact on global population. Its elimination has been prolonged because it was discovered that the diseases can co-exit with Typhoid fever and both illnesses contributing significantly to morbidity and long-term health complications. Therefore, a study was conducted using a compartmental model to explain the transmission dynamics of this co-infection leading to a non – linear deterministic equation. The basic reproduction number ( R_0) was obtained by next-generation method and the two criterions for stability conditions were computed.. The free equilibrium point was evluated and showed to be locally asymptotically stable when the threshold quantity is less than one. It was shown that both the analytical and numerical results agree with each others. Also, the results revealed that the susceptible population initially dominated but gradually declined as infection spread, while the recovered class steadily increased due to effective treatment and vaccination. Co-infection levels (A_C) remained low but persistent without control, confirming the synergistic effect of both pathogens.