Climate change poses serious environmental and socio-economic challenges in Nigeria, requiring effective government intervention to promote sustainable development. This study examined government strategies for managing climate change in Nigeria using annual data from 1990 to 2024. Data were obtained from the World Development Indicators and Climate Watch Database and analyzed using time-series econometric techniques. EViews 10 was employed because of its suitability for estimating and testing time-series models and conducting the required dynamic analyses. The findings indicate a stable long-run relationship among the variables. In the short run, government climate footprint strategy, renewable energy strategy, and GDP per capita significantly influence climate change. In the long run, GDP per capita, trade openness, and urbanization significantly mitigate climate change, while government climate footprint worsens climate conditions. The study concludes that effective climate management requires stronger environmental regulation, increased renewable energy investment, and climate-responsive development planning. Read more

This study analyzed the effects of climate change on poultry production in Imo State, Nigeria. Random sampling procedure was used in selecting one hundred and twenty (120) poultry farmers for the study. The data for the study were collected using a structured questionnaire and the data generated were analyzed using frequency, percentages, mean and multiple regression analysis. Result shows that all the poultry farmers (100%) were aware of climate change with radio (91.67%) being the major source of awareness and information on climate change. Climate change perception on poultry production were climate change leads to disease outbreak (x̄ = 3.67), high temperature makes birds feed less and drink more water (x̄ = 3.57), flooding of poultry farms ((x̄ = 3.53). The major effects of climate change on poultry production were perceived as high costs on poultry production activities (x̄ = 3.42), low quantity and quality of eggs production (x̄ = 3.17), high temperature and low rainfall conditions reduces quality of grains (x̄ = 3.15) and high temperature makes birds feed less and drink more (x̄ = 3.15). The variables such as educational level, access to credit facilities, extension contact and membership of association were found to be statistically significant at 5% level of probability with perceive effects of climate change on poultry production. The study concludes that poultry farmers were aware of climate change and perceived rightly the effects of climate change in poultry production. Therefore, efforts should be made to minimize human actions that contribute immensely to the occurrence of climate change, activities such as deforestation, bush burning, and piling of poultry waste without disposing them on time and properly should be discouraged. Read more

Climate change is a significant threat to pastoralism in East Africa, particularly in South Sudan, where rising temperatures and increasingly frequent extreme weather events such as prolonged droughts and severe floods have disrupted traditional livelihood systems. Increasing rainfall variability has made it difficult for pastoralists to predict seasonal patterns, undermining livestock production, worsening food insecurity, and intensifying socio-economic vulnerabilities. This study examines the impacts of climate change on pastoralist livelihoods in South Sudan. A mixed-method research design was applied, integrating quantitative climate data analysis with qualitative evidence drawn from peer-reviewed literature, humanitarian agency reports, government documents, and meteorological records. Climatic trends were assessed through temperature and rainfall variability, while insights from organizations such as FAO, UNDP, and other UN agencies highlighted the consequences of recurrent climate shocks, including livestock mortality, displacement, and reduced access to food and grazing resources. A ten-year comparative analysis (2010–2025) was conducted to trace evolving patterns of climate stress and their implications for pastoralist resilience. Findings reveal increasing climatic unpredictability across the region. Higher-than-average rainfall has triggered flooding that destroyed grazing land and forced widespread displacement. In South Sudan alone, floods between 2019 and 2024 affected more than 1.4 million people, with Jonglei, Lakes, and Unity states most severely impacted. In 2019, approximately 800,000 cattle, sheep, and goats were lost, and subsequent years saw continued livestock deaths due to persistent flooding and disease outbreaks. Diminished milk production, shrinking pastureland, and heightened competition for elevated grazing areas have further intensified food insecurity and resource-based conflicts. The study concludes that pastoral systems must adapt rapidly to ensure long-term sustainability. Key recommendations include diversifying household income sources, strengthening water and rangeland management, and improving conflict-resolution mechanisms. As climate pressures intensify, pastoralist communities require coordinated support from local, state, and national institutions to safeguard their livelihoods and cultural heritage. Read more

This paper examines the experiences of smallholder livestock farmers in Beitbridge, a primarily arid agroecological district in Zimbabwe, as they navigate the challenges posed by climate change and adapt their livestock management practices accordingly. It uses a mixed-method research design, largely shaped by farmer perceptions and attitudes. The study also draws on insights from scholarly literature to explore the country's limits and constraints to climate change adaptation and the coping strategies and resilience-building measures farmers employ. The research highlights the critical role of institutional arrangements, such as government policies and support mechanisms, in shaping the capacity of smallholder farmers to adapt to climate variability and extreme weather events effectively. The findings revealed that livestock farmers often confuse local by-laws with formal policy guidelines with the result that some tragically view climate change as ‘an act of God,’ leading to a sense of helplessness and detachment and a reluctance to adopt climate-smart livestock practices. The study emphasizes the need for education and training on livestock resilience building among small farmers. It calls for further research on the effects of climate change on livestock farming in particular, cattle value chains. Read more

The rest of the world, striving for sustainability, has increased the demand for social good projects and made the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) a more prominent contributor to the world. Now, armed with the great transformative potential of AI, various technologies are being deployed in sectors such as healthcare, education, agriculture, and the environment, uniquely placing them to address urgent global challenges like poverty, inequality, and climate change. This chapter takes a closer look at the role of AI in social good, focusing on public health, education, environment, and humanitarian efforts Building on the literature that has emerged and tapping into well-documented case studies, the chapter shows that AI is demonstrably capable of optimising resource allocation, improving service delivery and encouraging inclusivity in growth while also heightening the importance of having responsible AI through the lens of transparency, accountability and public goods. Read more

Climate change is reshaping the global risk landscape, requiring proactive institutional responses that integrate climate risk management into corporate strategies. This study examines the extent to which Zambia’s Disaster Management and Mitigation Unit (DMMU) has incorporated climate change risk into its strategic and operational frameworks. Using a mixed-methods design with 70 staff respondents and 7 key informants, it assessed current practices, alignment with international best practices, and institutional challenges. Findings indicate that while initiatives such as early warning systems and climate-responsive contingency plans exist, climate risk considerations are not systematically embedded in DMMU’s corporate strategy. Key barriers include technical capacity gaps, financial constraints, policy fragmentation, and organizational resistance to innovation. The study concludes that strengthening technical expertise, securing dedicated climate financing, fostering policy coherence, and transforming organizational culture are essential to enhancing resilience and ensuring effective disaster management in the face of escalating climate risks. Read more

One of the most important worldwide concerns of our day is climate change, which has significant ramifications for the agriculture industry. The public's awareness and comprehension of climate change are greatly influenced by the media, especially in developing nations like Nigeria. This paper therefore seeks to explore the roles on newspapers in addressing food security in Nigeria through climate change mitigation. Content analysis technique was used to analyse three national newspapers-Daily Sun, The Guardian, and The Nation for a period of one year. Code sheet was used to as an instrument of data collection and Environmental security theory was used to explain the study. Findings from the research revealed that volume of coverage on climate change as it affects food security in Nigeria is 119. The prominence given to the coverage of climate change as it affects food security in Nigeria was low. More so, news was found to be the story genre that received the most attention. Based on the findings, it is recommended among other things that Newspapers should endeavour to place essence in the interpretation and analysis of news reports on climate change as it affects food security in Nigeria. Read more

The accelerating climate crisis calls for a profound recalibration of regulatory priorities of host states, particularly in the realms of energy, finance, and environmental governance. As governments implement sweeping measures to decarbonise their economies - phasing out fossil fuels, imposing carbon pricing regimes, and incentivising green technologies - these policies increasingly intersect, and in some instances collide with the legacy architecture of international investment law. Anchored in treaties designed to protect investor expectations and capital flows, the international investment regime now stands at a critical juncture: whether to evolve in response to planetary imperatives or risk obsolescence through normative dissonance. This article interrogates the legal and conceptual tensions at the heart of this transition. It critically examines how investment tribunals have addressed disputes arising from climate-related regulation and probes the evolving contours of “legitimate expectations,” “fair and equitable treatment,” and regulatory risk under a changing global environmental order. It explores whether traditional treaty protections inadvertently constrain the sovereign regulatory space necessary for states to meet their climate obligations under international law, including the Paris Agreement and emerging customary norms concerning environmental stewardship. Drawing on doctrinal analysis, recent arbitral jurisprudence, and interdisciplinary insights from climate science and sustainable finance, the article proposes a rethinking of protection, risk, and responsibility in the investment law paradigm. It argues for a normative and structural realignment of investment treaties - through climate-responsive treaty language, public interest exceptions, and reimagined dispute settlement mechanisms - to ensure coherence between economic governance and environmental sustainability. Ultimately, it advances a vision of international investment law that is not merely compatible with, but actively facilitative of, the global climate transition. Read more

In low-income communities, climate change has intensified the occurrence and severity of environmental shocks, causing disproportionate damage to rural agricultural communities. Climate variability has induced a growing vulnerability among smallholder farmers in Nigeria, particularly in Oyo State, due to a lack of institutional support and insufficient access to climate risk mitigation tools. This study examines the complex interplay between climate-induced disasters, humanitarian response mechanisms, and farmer vulnerability in selected rural communities of Oyo State. The study employed a mixed-method approach, drawing data from 72 respondents who comprised farmers and humanitarian actors; structured questionnaires and key informant interviews were utilized. An analysis of the relationships among disaster experiences, preparedness, and institutional responses was conducted using descriptive statistics and inferential methods, particularly Chi-square tests. The study’s findings showed that a majority of rural farmers are low-income males, with little to no access to information regarding climate preparedness information and early warning systems. The study found no significant correlation between climate disasters and farmer protection, mitigation strategies, or direct government intervention despite the existence of various governmental and non-governmental disaster management frameworks. Notwithstanding, respondents reported that there were notable inconsistencies in the humanitarian engagement and support from civil societies and local agencies. Identified as key challenges were issues like a lack of inter-agency coordination, a lack of post-disaster recovery mechanisms, insufficient funding for disaster mitigation, and poor policy implementation. Through these findings, the study infers that such gaps as these aggravate farmers’ vulnerability and complicate efforts targeted at resilience-building. Policy-wise, the study recommends the strengthening of early warning communication through local education initiatives, improvements in multi-agency coordination, and the expansion of access to climate adaptation finance. Insight from past humanitarian appeals from countries most vulnerable to climate change, such as those in 2020, emphasize the need for inclusive and proactive disaster preparedness strategies, tailored to the local socio-economic realities of rural farming communities. Read more

Climate change and human influence aggravate threats to balanced ecosystem, declining performance of major food crops. Finger millet (Eleusine coracana), a vital millet crop stands as a climate resilient smart crop for future. The present investigation establishes towering nutrient assemblage in 10 under-identified indigenous accessions collected from blocks of Malkangiri district located in Eastern Ghats, Odisha, India and compared with 2 improved varieties KMR-204 and Arjuna for Ca,Fe,Zn,Mg,K,Mn,P & Cu by ICP-OES. Most of the accessions have multi-fold higher nutrient contents as compared to the best studied crops declared by Food Data Central, US Department of Agriculture. The nutrient diversity confirms two major clusters at 0% phenon-level and two subclusters at 90% phenon-level. Accessions in cluster-I (Acc-3,7 and KMR-204) signifies extremely high Zn content, whereas subcluster-IIB (Acc-1,2,8,9 and Arjuna) for dehydration tolerance. These indigenous accessions collected in two subsequent years are testimony of conserved nutritional package in undisturbed ecosystem of Eastern Ghats in Malkangiri district, Odisha, India and can be utilized for crop improvement and sustainable agriculture for future. Read more