Technology advancement has paved a new way for seamless language education, redesigning instructional strategies, learning paradigms, and assessment initiatives. This research has critically analysed the transformative impact of technology in curating specific language skills through a review of existing literature study and empirical evidence through statistical evaluation. Based on this analysis, Cronbach’s Alpha value is 0.834 exploring strong internal consistency across 16 items. This value is higher than the accepted threshold value of Cronbach’s Alpha that is 0.70. It enhances the relevance of this research and ensures the credibility of the survey instruments as well. Read more

With digital technology significantly revolutionizing the way organizations interact with their customers, digital brand communication has become one of the most critical components that can help organizations develop a competitive edge and build long-term relationships with their customers. Even though digital communication has been rapidly developing in the modern world, there is little understanding of digital brand communication in Africa and specifically in Nigeria through the prism of the relevant academic literature. The purpose of this review paper is to analyse the development, theoretical background, drivers, and perspectives of digital brand communication in Africa. Using an approach of narrative integrative review, this paper critically examines existing literature available in various disciplines such as communication, marketing, branding, and information systems in order to gain insight into the concept of digital brand communication in the new digital ecosystem. Some of the key factors that determine effective digital brand communication are social media marketing, personal communication, content marketing, influencer marketing, user generated content, electronic word of mouth, artificial intelligence, omnichannel communication, and mobile first engagement. Digital brand communication is constrained by infrastructural constraints, digital inequality, privacy issues, cyber security threats, regulatory concerns, and cultural diversity. Through the synthesis of Relationship Marketing Theory, Consumer Engagement Theory, and the Technology Acceptance Model, a comprehensive theoretical framework for digital brand communication in Africa is proposed by this study. This literature review adds to the body of knowledge through its analysis of digital brand communication in relation to the African context, the development of a comprehensive perspective, and a research agenda that can be used in future research. The results of the study are valuable in their recommendations for the design of ethical and consumer-centric digital branding that could build brand equity and competitive advantage in Africa. Read more

Aim: This study explored caregivers’ perspectives regarding postoperative child behaviour, the recovery process, and communication with healthcare providers following ophthalmic surgery in a Teaching Hospital in Ghana. Methods: A qualitative exploratory design was adopted. Seventeen caregivers of paediatric ophthalmic surgery patients were purposively selected. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded inductively to identify emerging themes. Results: Caregivers reported a range of postoperative behaviours, including anxiety, pain, and changes in sleep patterns. The recovery process was perceived as challenging due to a lack of clear guidance and support. Effective communication from healthcare providers was highlighted as a critical factor influencing caregivers' confidence and ability to manage postoperative care. However, many caregivers experienced gaps in information and communication. Conclusion: Effective communication influenced caregivers’ perspectives on post-operative behaviours such as pain, anxiety and changes in sleep patterns. Interventions focused on caregiver education and emotional support may bridge existing care gaps and promote more effective postoperative management. Read more

Across many parts of the world, the escalating frequency of insurgency, banditry, and kidnapping has stretched emergency response infrastructure to its limits, bringing to light deep-seated inefficiencies in how security threats are communicated and managed. Traditional emergency response systems frequently fail to preserve coordinated and timely communication, producing outcomes that are operationally inadequate due to their centralized, manual, and reactive processing model. In this study, we presents the development of a mobile-based, multi-channel emergency security alert system built on a real-time location tracking and automated agency notification pipeline. The system integrates React Native for cross-platform mobile interaction, Django REST Framework for backend logic and API communication, and a multi-channel delivery model transmitting alerts via push notifications, SMS, and email. A custom acknowledgment feedback mechanism manages response status updates, while a layered architecture maintains separation of concerns across components enabling scalability and modular extensibility. The system is evaluated using response time, alert delivery reliability, and usability metrics. Results confirm that the system fulfills its core functional requirements reliably. Unit and system testing returned a full pass rate across all critical test cases, encompassing authentication, priority computation, agency assignment, and end-to-end alert delivery. Multi-channel notification was successfully achieved across push notifications, SMS, and email, with alert status tracking progressing accurately through all defined response stages. These findings demonstrate the viability of a mobile-first, automated approach to real-time security alert management in high-risk environments. Read more

Emotional arousal, a state of heightened physiological activity, significantly influences communication processes. This paper examines the effects of emotional arousal on communication, exploring its psychological and physiological underpinnings. We discuss how emotional arousal can both facilitate and hinder effective communication, and provide insights into strategies for managing arousal to optimize communication outcomes. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining surveys, interviews, and physiological measures to assess emotional arousal and communication effectiveness. Results indicate that emotional arousal can enhance communication by increasing attention and motivation but can also impede effective communication by impairing cognitive processing and increasing conflict. The findings have implications for communication theory, practice, and future research. Read more

This study explores the impact of body language, specifically tone of voice, on communication outcomes. Tone of voice is a crucial aspect of nonverbal communication, conveying emotions, attitudes, and intentions through vocal cues. The relationship between tone and meaning is complex, influenced by cultural and social factors, context, and relationships. Effective communication relies heavily on the ability to convey intended meaning and emotions through tone, and speakers who master this skill can build trust, foster stronger relationships, and achieve more successful interactions. This research examines the significance of tone awareness in communication, highlighting its importance in avoiding miscommunication, promoting cultural sensitivity, and facilitating global understanding and collaboration. By prioritizing tone awareness and cultural sensitivity, individuals can foster more effective, empathetic, and meaningful communication. Read more

The proliferation of non-linear power electronic devices and advanced metering infrastructure within modern smart grids is exacerbating the issue of conducted electromagnetic interference, specifically Supraharmonic distortion in the 2–150 kHz spectrum. This phenomenon is primarily driven by the increasing penetration of static converters employing high-frequency pulse-width modulation switching regimes and the concomitant deployment of power line communication systems, which utilize this spectral band for data transmission. The resultant Supraharmonic spectral pollution degrades power quality metrics, diminishes energy conversion efficiency, and induces deleterious effects on communication integrity, including inter-system interference and elevated bit-error-rates in power line communication. Presently, a regulatory and standardization gap exists, as international power quality standards provide insufficient coverage for this frequency range. Consequently, there is a recognized dearth of standardization, efficacious mitigation methodologies, underscoring the imperative for further research into Supraharmonic emission characterization, propagation modelling, and the development of advanced filtering and suppression techniques. Read more

The importance of nonverbal communication cannot be underestimated. A significant part of human communication does not rely on words, but nonverbal signs such as time, tone of voice, body movements and touch among others. Nonverbal communication is a powerful part of all social and professional discourse. The objective of the study was to gender differences in use and perception of time ascertain gender in work place interaction. The researcher used The Semiotics Theory which is the study of signs in relation to their mode of transmission, as well as the Tubbs Model of Communication which stipulates that communication is a non-static process of a sender/receiver attempting to stimulate meaning in the mind of another. The study was carried out in Narok Teachers’ Training College in Lower Melili location, Narok County. Respondents were purposively sampled while data collection was carried out using questionnaires. The data was analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. In as much as absolute mastery of the use of time is not an absolute guarantee, improved consciousness in what one intends to communicate using this non-verbal cue is important in the workplace. The research outcomes were consolidated through coding, tabulation and use of frequency histograms. Further clarification of data was made in narrative form. Some of the findings on use and perception of time revealed that belated or real-time responses were majorly based relationships rather than the tasks to be performed. Read more

With special reference to Igboukwu, a town of cultural significance in Anambra State, Nigeria, this study examines the impact of marketing communication on tourism patronage. The study aimed to identify the communication techniques used to promote tourism, assess their effectiveness, and highlight the challenges hindering their utilization. A descriptive survey design was adopted, and structured questionnaires were administered to required sample size of 95 respondents, including government officials, hotel employees, and business owners but 85 participants were retrieved and the data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Science. Findings revealed that the major communication tools used to promote tourism in Igboukwu include social media, radio and television commercials, posters, billboards,and word-of-mouth communication. Among these, social media and interpersonal interaction were identified as the most effective channels for attracting tourists. The study further showed that regular and well-planned marketing campaigns significantly increase tourists’ awareness and visitation levels. However, inadequate funding, poor infrastructure, and limited digital exposure remain key challenges. The study concludes that effective marketing communication strategies are essential for promoting tourism in heritage destinations. It recommends greater social-media engagement, community-based promotion, collaboration with media organizations, and increased government support to sustain tourism development and foster regional economic growth. Read more

Adolescent-to-parent communication on sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is vital for fostering healthy behaviors, yet often limited in conservative settings. This study assessed factors influencing such communication among secondary school students in Redemption Camp, Ogun State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey of 259 students was conducted using a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 27. Results showed that personal factors, particularly knowledge (mean = 8.76/10) and self-efficacy (mean = 2.76), had a significant impact on SRH communication. Logistic regression identified self-efficacy as the strongest predictor (β = 0.211, p = 0.011), while environmental factors were not significant. The study concludes that confidence and emotional readiness play a more critical role than knowledge alone. Interventions should focus on boosting adolescents’ communication skills and parental support, especially within faith-based and community programs. Read more