Domestic violence remains a major social problem in Nigeria, particularly in the South-West, with consequences for families and community development. This study examined its influence on youth delinquency, substance abuse, and criminal behaviour. A quantitative survey design was adopted, and data were collected from 487 respondents using structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics, Friedman Chi-square, and linear regression at the 0.05 significance level were employed to run the analysis. Findings revealed that domestic violence significantly contributes to family instability and increases young people’s involvement in delinquency, substance abuse, and criminal behaviour. Socio-economic difficulties and harmful social practices were also found to intensify its occurrence and consequences. The study concludes that domestic violence undermines social cohesion and community well-being. It recommends strengthening family support systems, enforcing protective laws, and sustaining public awareness campaigns to prevent domestic violence and promote healthy family relationships. Read more

Introduction: Lassa fever (LF) is a severe viral hemorrhagic disease that requires prompt reporting to local, state, and national health authorities. It presents initially with nonspecific symptoms but may progress to multi-organ failure if treatment is delayed. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude, and infection prevention and control (IPC) practices regarding LF among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Makurdi, Benue State. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 230 HCWs selected through a multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using self-administered, semi-structured questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS version 26.0. Chi-square tests were applied to test associations at a 0.05 level of significance. Results: The majority of respondents demonstrated good knowledge of LF and its preventive measures (79.6%) and reported positive attitudes towards prevention (86.5%). However, only 52.2% exhibited good IPC practices. Significant variations were observed across professional cadres. Conclusion: Although HCWs demonstrated adequate knowledge and favorable attitudes towards LF prevention, gaps remain in IPC practices. Addressing these gaps requires targeted interventions, including consistent provision of personal protective equipment (PPE), dissemination of information, education and communication (IEC) materials within healthcare facilities, and strengthening IPC committees to ensure adherence to standard protocols at both facility and community levels. Read more

Background: Osteoporosis is one of the most common degenerative diseases, occurring more frequently in women. It is characterized by reduced bone mass and deterioration of bone structure. Osteoporosis is particularly insidious because it has no symptoms, and is often discovered after a fragility fracture has already occurred. Literature has established that prior awareness of the condition could help in promoting better preventive practices. Thus, this study examined the effects of a health educational intervention on osteoporosis preventive practices among premenopausal women in selected tertiary educational institutions in Lagos State, Nigeria. METHODOLOGY: The study employed quasi-experimental design. The population of study was premenopausal women working at two tertiary educational institutions in Lagos State, and was estimated to be 461. A total sample size of 60 was determined using the Power formula. Purposive sampling was used. Participants were grouped into one experimental group and one control group. A semi-structured, validated questionnaire, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranging from 0.78 to 0.84 was used to collect data at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at the 12th week follow-up. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics at a 5% level of significance. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 37.15 ± 1.79 years. At baseline, no significant difference (p > 0.05) was found to exist between mean scores for the control group (CG) (6.40 ± 2.31) and the experimental group (EG) (6.77 ± 2.73). At immediate post-intervention, there was significant difference (p < 0.05) between the mean scores for the CG (6.60 ± 2.08) and the EG (17.00 ± 7.62), and effect size (ES) was found to be 2.01. Finally, at 12th week, there was significant difference (p < 0.005) between the CG (7.20 ± 2.25) and the EG (19.73 ± 4.96), and ES was found to be 3.25, indicating that the intervention had a considerable effect on the experimental group. CONCLUSION: The educational intervention was an effective tool for improving preventive practices pertaining to osteoporosis among premenopausal women in Lagos State. It is recommended that time and resources be invested in comprehensive health education pertaining to osteoporosis and its prevention, to ensure that premenopausal women become more knowledgeable about the disease and its predisposing factors, in order to prevent its occurrence in old age. Read more

Accounting scandals persist despite their well-known harmful effects on corporate reputation, investor trust, and economic stability. This study finds that 84% of respondents acknowledge their prevalence, and 85% expect them to continue despite regulations. Key factors include weak corporate culture and governance, auditor conflicts, complex financial instruments, earnings pressure, flawed executive compensation, and poor internal controls. These scandals erode public trust, investor confidence, financial stability, and auditing credibility. The study emphasizes the urgent need for stronger regulatory frameworks, improved corporate governance, and rigorous enforcement to reduce fraud recurrence and protect market integrity. Read more

This research project develops a system for automatically detecting cheating and identifying students in order to improve exam integrity while addressing the shortcomings of traditional monitoring methods. The technology detects and captures cheating pupils in real time using both machine learning and manual tactics. A study and analysis were conducted to provide evidence-based recommendations for designing effective automated cheating detection systems in educational settings. According to the PICOS framework, the research is aimed at students who struggle with exam cheating (Population), focuses on developing a detection system (Intervention), compares traditional monitoring techniques to the new system (Comparison), seeks to improve accuracy and fairness in identifying cheating (Outcome), and collects evidence using systematic review and meta-analysis methods (Study Design). The literature search followed PRISMA criteria and includes papers from the Scopus and Google Scholar databases from 2013 to 2024. The inclusion criteria included research papers that investigated exam participants, instances of cheating, and the application of new technologies such as deep learning and machine learning. Articles that were not about examination malpractices or did not use advanced technological tools were rejected based on particular criteria. A total of 37 articles were reviewed. The findings demonstrate how new technology may significantly increase the credibility and dependability of tests, ensuring academic honesty. Read more

Introduction: School teachers has an important role in the early detection and Prevention of children from been sexually abused and exploited. The aim of this study was to assess the factors that influence the early detection and prevention of child sexual abuse (CSA) among schoolteachers in Babcock University High School, Ilishan Remo Ogun State. Method: This study was a cross sectional descriptive study involving 53 permanent teachers selected from the database of the school’s registry. This was a cross-sectional study conducted between February and March 2021. Multistage cluster sampling technique was employed to obtain study participants from a list of sampling frame collated from the registry. Data collected was analyzed electronically using SPSS version 23. Frequency and percentage table were generated for the demographic characteristics of the respondents. Statistical significance for association was tested using chi square with p-value less than 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: 98.1% of the respondents had good knowledge concerning child sexual abuse. We found significant relationship between factors influencing and hindering the early detection of CSA among schoolteachers (r=0.731, p= 0.003). Also, there was significant association between these influencing factors that encourages early detection and level of knowledge about CSA of teachers (p=0.001, X2 = 23.463). Conclusion: CSA remains a problem in our schools and indeed in the wider society. Teachers should be equipped with tools and knowledge to identify signs of sexual abuse. There should be proper, discrete reporting channels in schools to ensure that students who are victims of abuse are protected and properly safeguarded. Read more

The Inuits of Canada who live in the Nunavut territory are confronted by the problem of a higher suicide rate than the rest of Canada and the world. The suicide rate in the region is 10 times higher for the general population and 25 times higher among men than in the rest of Canada. The problem is partly linked to mental health issues, yet because the region is remote and isolated, Inuits do not have adequate access to culturally competent mental health support and resources. Consequently, in empowering the community to deal with mental health issues, for suicide prevention, this systematic review involving a comprehensive review and analysis of eight papers published between December 2014 and December 2024 justifies the suitability of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools for suicide prevention. Additionally, ethical risks should be identified and minimized, stakeholders actively involved, and AI algorithms consistently trained to increase accuracy. Read more

Child marriage is a worldwide priority issue as ending child marriage by 2023 is a target embedded in the Sustainability Development Goal (SDG). The child marriage practice is going on around the world. Based on the latest data 21 % of young women were married as children. in Bangladesh, 38% of adolescent girls are married before the age of 15, and 51% of young women are married before their 18th birthday. Since research on this particular issue is very scanty, this study aims to explain the perception of Secondary School girls about child marriage and provide practice-based recommendations for strengthening the community especially girls to prevent it. According to the law of Bangladesh, the minimum age of marriage for girls is 18 years and for boys is 21 years. Any marriage before these ages can be treated as child marriage. In practice, child marriage is happening in Bangladesh, particularly in urban slums and rural areas. The studies show poverty and ignorance of the parents/ guardians about the consequence of child marriage, less access to sexual & reproductive health services, and prevailing social norms of marriage are the main reasons for child marriage. Read more

This qualitative study evaluates the effectiveness of predictive policing technologies by examining the implementation within law enforcement operations in Lagos State. The research aims to explore how predictive system influence crime prevention, and decision-making processes in policing. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with NDLEA officers, the study reveals the perceived benefits and challenges of integrating predictive policing tools into traditional methods. Through thematic analysis of interview and review of secondary sources, the research identifies key themes such as the tension between technology and human judgment, and the potential for over-reliance on system predictions. The findings indicate that while predictive policing can improve efficiency in crime hotspot identification, its efficacy is undermined by concerns over privacy, and fairness. The study concludes that for predictive policing to be effective, it must come with strong regulatory frameworks and ethical guidelines to ensure support from technologies. This research contributes to the growing discourse on the intersection of technology and law enforcement, offering insights into how predictive policing can evolve to better serve the people, Read more

The study examined effect of traditional methods in crime prevention: Continuity and change in Ibiono Ibom Local Government Area (IILGA), Akwa Ibom State. Two research questions were raised to guide the study. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population consisted of 787,233 indigenes of IILGA from which two set of samples consisting of 20 and 380 were selected using snowball sampling technique and systematic sampling technique respectively. Meanwhile, to arrive at 400 sample size, Taro Yamane formula was adopted. The primary data were collected using mixed approach consisting of qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitatively, data collection was done using semi-structured interview guide, whereas questionnaire entitled “Traditional Methods of Crime Prevention Scale, (TMCPS)” was utilized for quantitative data collection. These instruments were validated by experts. Data analysis was done both quantitatively and qualitatively using simple percentage and thematic discussion of the respondents’ views and perceptions about preventing crime. The findings revealed that a modified form of traditional methods such as Mbiam, and Ukang were capable with uncontrollable speed to deter potential anti-social behaviour and keep society morally sound and justified. Also, the extent to which these traditional methods (ukang and mbiam) still influence behaviours and prevent crimes were high. This was similar with the results on the extent they still retain their originality. It is recommended among others that the traditional institutions should bring up a blueprint/template containing the modified methods of preventing crime as complementary or alternative strategy to conventional criminal justice system (CCJS). Read more