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ArticleReview Article

Ozone Layer Depletion and Its Impacts on the Environment and Public Health: A Review.

Tumwebaze Adson, Dennis Twinomujuni, Edwin Baluku, Barirega Akankwasah, Francis. S. Ogwal, Isaac Mugabi, Richard Komakech

July 21, 2025•DOI: 10.52589/AJENSR-9P6IXPAP•Volume 8 Issue 2•3,068 views

The level of solar UV radiation is increasing worldwide due to the depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer. The ozone layer is considered a protective shield from harmful ultraviolet radiation emitted from the sun to humans and the environment. In this narrative review, the paper investigates the cause of Ozone depletion, its impacts on the environment and human health, and initiatives to protect the ozone layer. It gives an overview of the depletion of the ozone layer from natural and anthropogenic processes, which has led to numerous harmful effects on human health and the environment. The exposure to harmful UV radiation has led to increased long-term effects, including the rise of melanoma is estimated to rise to 510,000 new cases and 96,000 deaths by 2040, and a decline in crop productivity by about 3% for every 10% increase in UVB radiation. However, the ratification of the Montreal Protocol globally has led to combined efforts to recover the stratospheric ozone layer. The challenges of limited funding to implement activities tailored towards abating ozone layer depletion, and porous borders in many countries still hinder the initiatives to save the ozone layer. Read more

Keywords:Ozone; Ozone Layer Depletion; Environment; Ultraviolet Radiation.

ArticleResearch Article

Enhanced Heat and Mass Transfer in an Oscillatory Flow System: Investigating the Effect of Thermal Radiation.

Ahmad Rufai Tasiu, Halima Usman, Zulaihatu Aliyu, Sani Abdullai Aliero, Ejiwole Oluwafemi Job

December 9, 2024•DOI: 10.52589/AJMSS-IQQTYYQH•Volume 7 Issue 4•1,105 views

Within the context of a magnetic field and chemical reaction, this article investigates the impact of thermal radiation on the MHD Heat and Mass transfer of an oscillatory flow through a vertical plate that is embedded with porous material. Regular perturbation techniques are used to solve the nonlinear partial differential equations driving the heat and mass transfer processes.The momentum, energy, and concentration equations were derived from this linear transformation. The investigation and visual representation of the consequences of various pertinent flow-encased properties were undertaken. Researchers have found that increasing the thermal radiation parameters causes the fluid velocity to rise, but increasing the magnetic field parameter, Schmidt number, and Prandtl number causes the velocity profile to fall. Increasing the chemical reaction parameter also causes the concentration to climb. In addition, a thorough validation was carried out between the current work and the previous literature Read more

Keywords:Mass transferoscillatory flowchemical reactionporous medium and thermal radiation.

Article

Impacts of Climate Change on Plant Growth: Implications for Policy and Research.

Christiana Fwenji Zumyil, Toma Maina Antip

September 20, 2024•DOI: 10.52589/AJAFS-UCKVATCV•Volume 7 Issue 4•2,136 views

Plant growth is heavily facilitated by the extent to which many interacting climate variables remain within appropriate conditions. The Ongoing global climatic change can significantly alter conditions for plant growth, in turn upsetting ecological and social systems. While there have been substantial developments in understanding the physical features of climate change, complete studies incorporating climate, biological, and social sciences are less common. This paper used climate projections under alternative mitigation situations to show how changes in environmental variables that limit plant growth could influence ecosystems, research, policies and humans. Results showed multiple climate variables becoming limiting for plant growth, particularly in tropical areas, which resulted in considerable reductions in plant yields. Furthermore, the paper posited that reductions in plant growth due to unsuitable growing days can lead to less suitable condition for plant growth and tree mortality can trigger ecological responses, including changes in plant community composition. The paper concludes by recommending that afforestation programs should be vigorously pursued. Read more

Keywords:ClimateEcologyPlant GrowthRadiationTemperatureWater.

Article

Assessment of Background and Soil Dumpsites Radioactivity in Plateau State, Nigeria

Dr. Daburum Nanle Hosea, Dr. Mallo Yohanna Iliya, Akila Simdet

November 14, 2023•DOI: 10.52589/AJENSR-QQEZNFK7•Volume 6 Issue 3•1,412 views

Assessment of background and dumpsites radioactivity level plays a significant role in the protection of man from excessive radiation exposure. Exposure to high radiation level causes a wide range of health problems such as cancer of the lung, bone and skin, kidney ailments and blood infections. The background radiation levels of 51 selected dumpsites (3 in each LGA) were obtained at 1m above it using a well-calibrated International Medicom CRM-100 Digital Radiation Monitor. Soil samples were also collected, packed, prepared and analysed with Gamma ray Spectrometer [NaI (Tl) detector].The mean activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in this study 61.93±5.90Bq kg-1,123.37±34.05 Bqkg-1 and 276.54±62.44 Bqkg-1 respectively. The mean absorbed dose, AEDE(outdoor) and ELCR in the state has the value of 111 nGyh-1, 0.13 mSv/hr and 0.45 x 10-3 which are greater than the world average value of 58 nGy h-1, 0.07 mSv/hr and 0.29 x 10-3 respectively. The mean background radiation of the dumpsites recorded in Plataeu state was 204 nGy h-1 with the outdoor AEDE of 0.25 mSv/yr and ELCR of 0.88 x 10-3 . These values are greater than the world average. The results obtained for the background radiation are higher than those from the radionuclides analysis. The study revealed that the health risks associated with the radionuclide concentrations of soil dumpsites and the background radiation are relatively high and the use of dumps as manure and other re-cycling processes therefore raises radiological concern. Read more

Keywords:BackgroundRadiationDumpsiteExposureConcentrationDose.

Article

Transient MHD Thermally Radiating Free Convective Flow Past an Exponentially Moving and Rotating Isothermal Vertical Plate with Heat Generation, Reacting Species and Fluctuating Mass Diffusion Effects

W.I.A. Okuyade, C.O. Aminobiren, T.M. Abbey

April 2, 2023•DOI: 10.52589/AJMSS-FQAXOBH1•Volume 6 Issue 2•975 views

The problem of transient MHD thermally radiating free convective flow past an exponentially moving and rotating isothermal vertical plate in the presence of heat generation reacting species, and fluctuating mass diffusion is examined. The flow is governed by a set of non-linear partial differential equations of the Boussinesq approximation type. In particular, the momentum equations are simplified using the 2-D fluid flow analysis in the complex plane, and the governing equations are solved using the time-dependent Homotopy Perturbation Method. Expressions for the concentration, temperature, and velocity are obtained and presented graphically. The results amidst others depict that an increase in the chemical reaction rate decreases the concentration, but causes fluctuation in the flow velocity structure; an increase in the Heat generation/absorption parameter increases the fluid temperature but causes fluctuation in the flow velocity structure. Read more

Keywords:Heat generation/absorptionIsothermal plateMass diffusionMHDReacting speciesThermal radiation

Article

The Reflectivity Coefficient of Concrete Surfaces within Urban Environment in Lafia Metropolis

Titus Ekom, Eyugu Affan Sule, Osu Danjuma Job

November 30, 2020•Volume 3 Issue 6•1,155 views

The natural surface in the urban area around homes are being changed to concrete land surface for two reasons – to check erosion and water logging and for beautification of the areas. These changes most especially along court yards and frontages of buildings have serious effect on the micro climate regimes of the environment. The study is aimed at studying the reflectivity of concrete surface within urban environment in Lafia. The albedo was measured using solar albedometer for one year (Jan – Dec 2019) and the result show marked diurnal and seasonal variation in the magnitude of albedo over the concrete surface. The result shows a decrease in albedo within time from morning till late afternoon. Thereafter it begins to increase. This pattern was observed for all the season. The study concluded that the low reflectivity of the character concrete surface contributes immensely to the thermal character of the urban environment. Appropriate recommendations with regard to the above process were made. Read more

Keywords:UrbanRadiationReflectivity AlbedoLand SurfaceNigeria

Journal

African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions

African Journal of Culture, History, Religion and Traditions (AJCHRT) is an international peer-reviewed open access journal that publishes original research on the cultural, historical, religious, and traditional dimensions of African societies and communities. The journal provides a platform for rigorous scholarship that examines continuity and change in cultural practices, historical experiences, belief systems, identities, and traditions across Africa and the African diaspora. AJCHRT welcomes contributions that explore the interactions between local knowledge systems and global influences, as well as the ways in which memory, heritage, and identity are interpreted, contested, and transformed over time.

Journal

British Journal of Library and Information Management

British Journal of Library and Information Management (BJLIM) is an international peer-reviewed open access journal that publishes original research in library and information science, knowledge management, archives, records management, and related disciplines. The journal provides a platform for high-quality scholarship that examines the creation, organization, preservation, management, and dissemination of information in both traditional and digital environments. BJLIM welcomes contributions that bridge theory and practice and that advance understanding of information services, knowledge institutions, user engagement, and emerging technologies across libraries, archives, and information management settings.

Journal

British Journal of Mass Communication and Media Research

British Journal of Mass Communication and Media Research (BJMCMR) is an international peer-reviewed open access journal that publishes original research in mass communication, media studies, journalism, digital communication, and related disciplines. The journal provides a platform for high-quality scholarship that examines the institutions, technologies, and practices that shape communication processes and public engagement across traditional, digital, and emerging media environments. BJMCMR welcomes contributions that advance understanding of media systems, communication practices, audience behaviour, and the role of communication in shaping social, cultural, political, and economic life.

Journal

International Journal of Literature, Language and Linguistics

International Journal of Literature, Language and Linguistics (IJLLL) is an international peer-reviewed open access journal that publishes original research in literary studies, linguistics, language studies, and related interdisciplinary fields. The journal provides a platform for scholarly inquiry into the relationships among texts, language, culture, and society through diverse theoretical, descriptive, and applied approaches. IJLLL welcomes contributions from both established and emerging methodological traditions that demonstrate analytical depth and advance understanding of literary and linguistic phenomena across different contexts and cultures.

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