| 1 |
Author(s):
Muazu Auwalu, Dr. A.S. Alhassan, Dr. I.O. Abdullahi.
Page No : 1-21
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Effect of Disaggregated Government Expenditures on Human Development in Nigeria
Abstract
This study empirically investigated the effect of government expenditure on human development in Nigeria from 1981 to 2019. Government expenditure is proxied with government capital and recurrent expenditure on health, government capital and recurrent expenditure on education and government capital and recurrent expenditure on other social and community services while human development is proxied with human development index. The study employed ex-post facto research design and secondary data were utilized. The Secondary data were obtained from Central Bank Statistical bulletin and United Nations development programme report of various years. The study tested for stationarity, and it was found that the variables are stationary at mixed order. Based on this, the study adopted Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model as the estimation technique. The study found that government capital and recurrent expenditure on health has weak and insignificant effect on human development. The study also revealed that government capital and recurrent expenditure on education has significant positive effect on human development in Nigeria. The study likewise revealed that government capital and recurrent expenditure on other social and community services has significant positive effect on human development in Nigeria. The study concluded that government expenditure through investment in education and other social and community services influence human capital development in Nigeria positively. Thus, the study recommended amongst others that the Nigeria government should increase funding of the education sector to meet education, scientific and cultural organization minimum requirement. Government should invest more on other social and community services.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Celina A. Ugo.
Page No : 22-35
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An Empirical Investigation of the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Accounting Practice in Nigeria.
Abstract
This study carried out an empirical investigation on the impact of artificial intelligence on accounting practice in Nigeria. The study adopted a survey research design. Data for the study were extracted from one hundred and forty-eight (148) respondents extracted from selected organizations in Abuja. A questionnaire was used as the primary instrument for data collection. The data were analyzed with the aid of frequency tables and percentages and the hypotheses were tested with probability values extracted from the regression output. The major findings of the study revealed that expert systems and neural networks contribute positively and significantly to accounting practice in Nigeria. The implication of this finding is that any accountant that does not arm their skills with the knowledge of artificial intelligence software, may become irrelevant in the nearest future. It is therefore the recommendation of this study that accountants should attend seminars and workshops on modern accounting methodical practices in order to further their knowledge of and proficiency with artificial intelligence technologies, which will increase their dynamism in functional accounting activities and secondly; to prepare upcoming accountants for what lies ahead in the business world, the government should incorporate artificial intelligence courses into accounting at the undergraduate and graduate levels in tertiary institutions.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Appah Ebimobowei (Ph.D), Eburunobi Emmanuel Odinakachi (Ph.D), Brown Barisoma Maxwell.
Page No : 36-67
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The Moderating Role of Inflation on the Relationship Between Direct Taxes and Economic Development in Nigeria
Abstract
This study investigated the moderating role of inflation on relationship between direct taxes and economic development in Nigeria. The specific objectives were to investigate the relationship between personal income tax and real gross domestic product, ascertain the relationship between company income tax and real gross domestic product, determine the relationship between petroleum profit tax and real gross domestic product, investigate the relationship between personal income tax and infrastructural development, ascertain the relationship between company income tax and infrastructural development, determine the relationship between petroleum profit tax and infrastructural development, ascertain the moderating effect of inflation rate on direct taxes and economic development of Nigeria. The study anchored on expediency theory while correlational and ex-post facto research designs were adopted for the study. The population of the study was direct taxes revenue data and economic development in Nigeria from 1991 to 2020 and secondary data were sourced from Annual statistical bulletin of CBN, Federal Inland Revenue service (FIRS) and National Bureau of Statistics. Descriptive statistics and correlation matrix were used to analyze the research questions while multiple regression was used to test the hypotheses. The result of the study shows that PIT has a positive and significant relationship with infrastructural development in Nigeria while an insignificant relationship with RGDP; CIT has a strong positive and significant relationship with RGDP and infrastructural development in Nigeria; petroleum profit tax positively and insignificantly affects RGDP and infrastructural development. The study recommends among others that government parastatals, multinationals, conglomerates and companies in the country should not engage any vendor who does not have a TIN number. This will go a long way in reducing tax evasion; taxes should be remitted via an e-payment system or via direct payment to the various tax authorities’ accounts.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Peter-Mario Efesiri Efenyumi.
Page No : 68-80
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Analysis of the Effects of Government Policies, Corporations’ Magnitude and Profitability Level on Real, Accrual and Holistic Earnings Management
Abstract
This study critically analyses the nexus between political regimes/government policies, corporations’ magnitude and profitability level and accrual, real or holistic earnings management among corporations in Nigeria. With this objective, a sample of 1173 observations was collected from 51 corporations for 23 years from 1999 to 2021. Adopting the ex-post-facto design, three hypotheses formed three models analysed with the manova and mvreg. The result showed that political regimes/government policies are evidently statistically significant and determine the extent to which corporations engage in either accrual, real or holistic earnings management. It further showed that corporation magnitude (corpmagt) influence is negative and statistically significant across all the dependent variables; accrual earnings management (accrmgt), real earnings management (realmgt) and holistic earnings management (hoengmgt) while corporation profitability level (cproflev) is positive to accrmgt and negative to both realmgt and hoengmgt. In line with the aforementioned result, it was recommended, amongst others, that CEOs and shareholders of corporations should tighten their supervisory roles by carefully scrutinising all management actions with respect to their reporting policies, choice of accounting treatment and full disclosure.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Lodikero Olusola, Soyinka Kazeem Akanfe.
Page No : 81-97
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Financial Management Practices and the Performance of Listed Manufacturing Companies in Nigeria
Abstract
The success of listed manufacturing companies is impacted by financial management practices. In this study, the return on equity of 40 listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria was compared to the effects of financial management practices. Finding out whether there is a significant correlation between financial management practices (via working capital practices, capital structure practices, and corporate governance practices) and the return on equity (ROE) of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria is the specific goal of this study. The study adopted a correlational research design. In addition, the corporate annual reports and website for the periods 2017-2021 were utilized as the main sources of secondary data. In testing the research hypotheses and ascertaining the significant effect of the variables, the study utilized panel estimation technique methods of data analysis. The research found a strong correlation between working capital management, capital structure, corporate governance, and business performance as measured by return on equity (ROE). In order to improve the performance of Nigerian manufacturing companies, the study advised listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria to make sure that working capital practices, capital structure practices, and corporate governance practices are maintained in all aspects of the organizational decision. To stabilize and enhance return on equity, control factors should also be added to the analysis.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Glory Sunday Etim, Geraldine Banku Mbu-Ogar, Edim Eka James, Inyang Bassey Inyang, Udobong Happiness Okon.
Page No : 98-114
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Customer Service Delivery and Corporate Efficiency of Deposit Money Banks
Abstract
In this study, our focus was to explore the effect of customer service delivery on the corporate efficiency of deposit money banks. It sought to establish the effects of consumer education, complaint handling, customer follow-up and customer self-service on corporate efficiency. The study adopted cross-sectional survey research design. Using a structured questionnaire, the study obtained primary data from 232 managerial and marketing-related personnel of selected deposit money banks. The data obtained were analyzed and interpreted using descriptive statistics, while multiple regression was adopted for hypotheses testing. The findings of the study revealed that consumer education, complaint handling, customer follow-up and customer self-service had significant positive effects on the corporate efficiency of deposit money banks. These findings provide empirically-verifiable evidence with which we made practical implications for players in the banking industry. Consequently, we recommended, among others, that deposit money banks should expand educational programmes targeted at customers, especially prospective customers to enlighten them on the usefulness of banking services, and the available channels through which they can access the services in order to encourage customer patronage.
| 7 |
Author(s):
Oko Sylvanus Ushie (Ph.D).
Page No : 115-128
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The Effect of Foreign Debt on the Nigerian Economy
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of foreign debt on the Nigerian economy. Ex-post facto research design was adopted for the study and secondary data were used. A regression model was adopted for the analysis. The population of the study was three hundred and fifty staff of the debt management office Abuja. The sample size for the study was one hundred and fifty respondents that were selected scientifically from various departments of the debt management office. The study revealed that foreign debt has a positive and significant effect on the Nigerian economy. The study concluded that foreign debt is an important factor for the economic growth of developing nations like Nigeria if well managed. It was recommended that financial experts, policy makers, and Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) should integrate suitable as well as appropriate measures towards ensuring effective management of foreign debt in order to enhance gross domestic product as well as the economic growth and development of Nigeria. That the Nigerian government should put in place more management techniques and restriction on access to external or foreign debt as most of the external debt cannot be accounted for in the infrastructural projects claimed by successive administrations and that external debts should be directed towards encouraging real investment so as to increase capital formation and achieve sustainable economic growth and development in the country.
| 8 |
Author(s):
Dele Jacob Ojomolade, Ifeanyi Joseph Ugwulali, Adewale Joshua Adejuwon.
Page No : 129-145
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Capital Structure and Financial Performance: Panel Evidence from Quoted Manufacturing Firms in Nigeria (2011–2020)
Abstract
In literature, there is a divided view on capital structure and financial performance which necessitated the examination of a panel evidence from selected quoted manufacturing firms in Nigeria. Data set were gathered from annual reports of 14 selected quoted manufacturing firms from 2011 to 2020. The data were analysed via panel full least square multiple regression technique as four hypotheses were tested while the outcome of the regression analysis gave acceptance of the second hypothesis in its null state declaring statistical link between total debt to total equity and return on assets of manufacturing entities in Nigeria. However, the findings were on the rejection side of the first, third and fourth hypotheses relating to total debt, long term debt, and short term debt to total assets. In light of the findings, it is suggested that Management of manufacturing corporations that are active on the stock market should strive to increase their long term debt to total assets so as to improve their business operations and by extension, their financial performance. This recommendation is in alignment with the findings of this study, which established that there is a beneficial link between capital structure and financial performance.
