| 1 |
Author(s):
Dahiru M. Kabiru, Ezekiel Ayiwulu.
Page No : 1-12
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Sustainable Land Management for Enhanced Environmental Sustainability and Productivity amongst Resource-Poor Farmers in Nigeria.
Abstract
Soil degradation is an epic phenomenon adversely affecting enhanced agricultural productivity and development in Nigeria, through progressive loss in the quality of land which manifests in the form of soil erosion, sedimentation, flooding, desertification, higher than normal temperature condition, poor crop yields, etc. It is estimated that over half of the world’s grassland are degraded, with nearly 1.5billion people directly affected worldwide. Most African soils are typically impoverished and deficient in plants nutrient materials like phosphates and other essential nutrients. These soils are also characterized with low organic matter content, low water retention capacity, and low CEC. They are also subjected to heavy leaching and siltation in addition to increasing demand for increased productivity by its rapidly growing population, with high need for good (efficient) management essential for enhanced and sustainable agriculture. As a result of the combination of these factors, both crop yields and quality do not appreciably increase as expected in this part of the world over a long period. This is in spite of the significant progress made in agricultural researches, and hence the need for an all-round agricultural land management practices in this area, which is afforded by the SLM practice. In Nigeria in particular, soil erosion is the most widespread form of land degradation militating against environmental sustainability and rural prosperity, thereby making sustainable land management (SLM) a great imperative for enhanced agricultural productivity and profitability. This study shows the imperatives of sustainable land management amongst resource-poor farmers in a growing economy with rapidly growing human population like Nigeria, majority of who live in rural areas and derive their livelihood directly from the land resources through agriculture and related primary activities.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Abegunde Adebare, Igho Fayomi (Ph.D.).
Page No : 13-21
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Factors Shaping Facility Management Performance in Tertiary Institutions of Oyo State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This study investigated Factors Shaping Facility Management (FM) Performance in Tertiary Institutions of Oyo State, Nigeria with a view to provide information that will enhance tertiary institution facility management practice. The study’s research methodology employed a descriptive survey design, incorporating data from students and staff in four tertiary institutions. Five hundred and seventeen (517) and two hundred and eighty (280) questionnaires were administered on both students and maintenance staff units/departments of four tertiary institutions in the study area, out of which four hundred and eighty (480) and two hundred and fifty (250) representing 92.84% and 89.30% retrieval rate respectively, were considered adequate enough for the study. The high response rates indicate a strong interest and concern among stakeholders regarding FM in their institutions. The study adopted a stratified random sampling technique, and data collection was performed using questionnaires. The study employed factor analysis to identify key factors influencing FM performance, revealing insights into the perceptions and challenges faced by respondents. The findings highlight positive perceptions of FM, coupled with areas requiring improvement. The identified challenges include insufficient funds and human resources, poor building design and construction, budget restrictions, and inadequate supervision during and after construction. Recommendations were proposed to address these challenges, emphasizing enhanced maintenance protocols, standards for accommodation facilities, continuous training for facilities managers, stakeholder collaboration, regular performance assessments, investment in technology, and periodic policy reviews. The study concluded by stressing the critical need for improvements in FM practices within tertiary institutions in Oyo State.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Akpan A. U., Ukpai O. M., Ehisianya C. N., Esenowo I. K., Effiong M. U., Okore O. O., Oboho D. E., Eduok I. E., Essien U. B..
Page No : 22-39
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Water and Sediment Quality Assessment, and Effect on Arthropod Species Diversity of Jaja Creek and Adjoining Downstream Section of the Imo River, South-South, Nigeria.
Abstract
This study assessed the water and sediment quality and effect on the diversity of arthropod species of Jaja Creek and adjoining downstream section of Imo River. Three (3) sampling sites each were marked out along the stretch of the Jaja creek and adjoining Imo River, plus Control sampling site at the conference point of the Creek and the River. Collection of samples; water, sediment and arthropods, were carried out in the seven (7) sampling sites every month, observing standard procedures. The collected water and sediment samples were fixed with 1:1 Nitric acid for the measurement of physico-chemical parameters, inorganic loads, and heavy metals in the laboratory using standard methods. Collections of arthropod fauna were done across the seven sampling sites and they were stored in 70% ethyl alcohol until identification and counting. Single factor pollution index (SFpi) and Nemerow’s pollution index (PN) were calculated to assessed the water and sediment quality. The single-factor pollution index (SFpi) and Nemerow's pollution index (P N) of inorganic loads and heavy metals were calculated to find out the degree of pollution in the Jaja creek and adjoining Imo river. The Nemerow’s pollution index of sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, Iron, Manganese, Zinc, and Copper revealed that the water and sediment was polluted. Fifty (50) different arthropod species were identified and grouped into three classes of Crustaceans, Insecta, and Arachnida, with nine orders, and 23 families. Among the arthropod species identified in this study were Sesarmasp, Sesarma, Armases sp, Neosarmatium, Nematopalaemon sp, Macrobrachium, Penaeus sp, Callinectes amnicola, C. pellidus, Carcinus sp, and Chironomus sp. The diversity indices and pearson correlation results raveled that the water and sediment quality affected the arthropod species diversity. A strong conservation plan should be established for the preservation of the water bodies' and the well-being of the aquatic arthropod species.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Douye P. Markmaneul, Abinotami W. Ebuete.
Page No : 40-55
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Exposure to Heavy Metals in Fruits and Vegetables from the Etelebou Dumpsite in Bayelsa State and its Health Implications.
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables are energy-dense foods containing vitamins, minerals, fibre and other bioactive compounds, which help in preventing major diseases. However, accessing quality and safe food crops for consumption has left us with unanswered question and concerns such that "Should the simple act of eating lead to diseases and death? Hence, the need to analyze the suitability and safety of selected self-grown and cultivated bitter leaf, fluted Pumpkin and guava fruit collected from dumpsite (Etelebou) in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State. Heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, As, V, Mn, Co, Fe, Cu and Zn were analysed via FAAS. Results show that the concentration of Pb, Cd and Co were higher than the WHO recommended limit for edible fruits and the Recommended Dietary Allowance (mg/day); Fe and V have the highest and least transfer factor respectively. Generally, the concentrations (mg/kg) of heavy metals in the soil were higher than the vegetables and fruit grown around the investigated soil vicinity. The analyzed health risk models (DIM, CDI, HRI, THQ and ILCR) show no significant toxicity effect on the consumer at the moment. However, due to the potential toxicity/cumulative behavior of metals and rate of vegetable consumption, further harvesting of vegetables from the dumpsite should be discouraged to avert future health challenges.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Azibalua Onyagholo (Ph.D.).
Page No : 56-65
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Totemism, Toboo and Animal Speces Conservation in Kolo Creek Clan.
Abstract
This study tries to examine totemism, taboo and animal species conservation in Kolo Creek clan. It adopted textual, expository, analytical and empirical method. The findings of the study revealed that the practice of taboo and totemism by families and communities in Kolo Creek clan is an indirect form of animal species conservation. Therefore it concluded that, individuals, communities and the general public should be enlightened on the adverse effects of ending taboo and totem practice in Kolo Creek as this will lead to endangering of animal species.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Ating Emmanuel A., Hart Aduabobo I..
Page No : 66-74
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Exploitation and Mortality of the West African Fiddler Crab (Uca Tangeri) in Mbo River, Niger Delta, Nigeria.
Abstract
Studies on the exploitation and mortality of the crab Uca tangeri in Mbo river of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, was conducted for 12 consecutive months. Exploitation was calculated to be -1.62. The negative value could imply that the species is not fished or under-fished Length-frequency data was analyzed using FISAT software. Using the Shepherd’s method, asymptotic length (L∞) was 3.99cm, while the Von Bertalanffy Growth Function (VBGF) K was 0.10. Meanwhile, Powell-Wetheral plot estimated asymptotic length (L∞) was 3.58cm and Z/K was 0.72yr-1. The natural mortality(M) of Uca tangeri was 0.71yr-1. However, using length-converted catch curve, total mortality (Z) was estimated to be 0.27yr-1. The instantaneous fishing mortality (F) was calculated to be -0.44yr-1, indicating that it was not a highly fished species.
| 7 |
Author(s):
Muhammed K. Dahiru, Ezekiel Ayiwulu.
Page No : 75-84
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Implications of Climate Change and Food Crisis on Women Farmers in Contemporary Nigeria.
Abstract
Agriculture and food security are two important components of a sustainable future and wellbeing of the people that are adversely affected by climate change and global warming, especially in the growing economies of the world. While agriculture is the main stay of most of such economies, it serves as an important employer of labour and source of income for the people, and provides the foundation for food security which is the state of having reliable access to sufficient, affordable, safe and nutritious food supply that adequately meets the needs of its users. Climate change and global warming are two important challenges adversely affecting the people (especially the poor and the highly vulnerable female-headed farming households in Africa and particular in Nigeria), as a result of which their livelihoods and wellbeing are increasingly endangered by the scourge and related challenges of low disposable income; poor soil quality (nutrients); high levels of poverty, illiteracy and unemployment; feminization of agriculture, and lack of opportunities for meaningful development. This study examines the inter-links between climate change and food crisis, which breeds food insecurity among the people, especially female-headed farming households in Nasarawa State. The study is a descriptive survey which utilized primary and secondary sources of data, using questionnaire, FGD (Focus Group Discussion), and elite interviews. It posits that climate change is an important driver of socio-economic challenges that affects female-headed farming households more disproportionately than their male counterparts. The study suggests that though climate change is an important global challenge, it is more so among resource-poor farmers that must be appropriately responded to, especially in Africa where its effects are most harsh. The study recommends that, gender friendly policies and practices will ensure effective and equitable gender participation in sustainable agriculture essential in food security and wellbeing of the people.
| 8 |
Author(s):
Ayodele Oluwatobi Omoyemi, Igho Fayomi (Ph.D.).
Page No : 85-104
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Assessing the Impact of Road Construction on Property Value in Selected Peri-Urban Areas in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Abstract
The value of real estate investments is significantly influenced by road infrastructure, which enhances accessibility and fosters urban development. This study examines the impact of road construction on property values in peri-urban areas of Ibadan, Oyo State, with a focus on the relationship between transportation infrastructure and real estate dynamics. Specifically, the research evaluates how developments along Akala Road and Ologuneru-Eruwa Road affect property rental and capital values. A cross-sectional design was employed, using questionnaires administered to property occupiers, estate surveyors, and investors. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and factor analysis to identify key factors influencing property values, such as road morphology, accessibility, and the effects of road construction. The study reveals mixed perceptions among 250 respondents, with road construction generally viewed as positively influencing business operations, reducing congestion, and encouraging property investment. Notably, 42% of respondents rated road expansion as moderately effective in causing property loss, while concerns about increased safety costs, air pollution, and noise pollution were also noted, with these factors being rated as moderately effective by most participants. Road construction was found to enhance accessibility, reduce traffic diversions, and increase vehicular speeds. However, respondents expressed concerns about property loss, increased crime rates, and environmental degradation, highlighting the complex nature of road construction’s impact on property values. The study underscores the need for comprehensive planning and mitigation strategies, recommending proactive communication with local communities to address concerns and ensure the positive impacts of road construction projects.
Keywords: Road Construction, Property Value, Environmental Impact, Urban Development, Peri-Urban Areas, Economic Growth, Community Perception.
Word Count: 241
The value of real estate investments is significantly influenced by road infrastructure, which enhances accessibility and fosters urban development. This study examines the impact of road construction on property values in peri-urban areas of Ibadan, Oyo State, with a focus on the relationship between transportation infrastructure and real estate dynamics. Specifically, the research evaluates how developments along Akala Road and Ologuneru-Eruwa Road affect property rental and capital values. A cross-sectional design was employed, using questionnaires administered to property occupiers, estate surveyors, and investors. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and factor analysis to identify key factors influencing property values, such as road morphology, accessibility, and the effects of road construction. The study reveals mixed perceptions among 250 respondents, with road construction generally viewed as positively influencing business operations, reducing congestion, and encouraging property investment. Notably, 42% of respondents rated road expansion as moderately effective in causing property loss, while concerns about increased safety costs, air pollution, and noise pollution were also noted, with these factors being rated as moderately effective by most participants. Road construction was found to enhance accessibility, reduce traffic diversions, and increase vehicular speeds. However, respondents expressed concerns about property loss, increased crime rates, and environmental degradation, highlighting the complex nature of road construction’s impact on property values. The study underscores the need for comprehensive planning and mitigation strategies, recommending proactive communication with local communities to address concerns and ensure the positive impacts of road construction projects.
| 9 |
Author(s):
Oguntokun Babajide Femi, Igho Fayomi (Ph.D.).
Page No : 105-118
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Impact of Urban Flood Management on the Values of Properties in Ibadan, Oyo State.
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of the Ibadan Urban Flood Management Project (IUFMP) on property values in 17 priority project sites across Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Urban flooding has been a long-standing challenge in Ibadan, causing substantial damage to property and infrastructure, particularly in flood-prone areas, which has led to declining property values. In response to the 2011 floods, the Oyo State government, with World Bank support, initiated the IUFMP to mitigate flood risks through drainage construction, river channelization, and early warning systems. A survey research design was used, combining both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. Primary data was gathered from 383 respondents, including homeowners, tenants, estate surveyors, and key project officials. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while key informant interviews provided insights into project sustainability and management. The study found that 54.8% of respondents strongly disagreed that the IUFMP led to an increase in capital property values, with a mean score of 1.82, and 53% strongly disagreed that rental values increased, with a mean score of 1.89. Although 27.4% of respondents perceived a reduction in capital values, the majority disagreed. Mixed responses were recorded on rental value reduction (mean: 2.66) and property vacancy reduction (mean: 2.39). Furthermore, 66.8% of respondents disagreed that property purchases had increased (mean: 1.48), and 74.4% disagreed that the filthiness in the areas had reduced (mean: 1.26). Thematic insights from key informant interviews revealed positive project outcomes, including improved flood resilience and enhanced livelihoods. However, significant challenges in fostering community engagement and ensuring sustainable environmental benefits were identified. The study concludes that while the IUFMP has successfully reduced flooding and improved infrastructure, its impact on property value appreciation remains limited. It recommends sustainable strategies, including enhanced community involvement, to maximize the long-term benefits of the project.
| 10 |
Author(s):
Edson Hlatshwayo, Mubanga Mpundu.
Page No : 119-136
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The Potential for Parametric Insurance Solutions to Build Resilience for Smallholder Farmers in Zimbabwe.
Abstract
This study explored the potential of parametric insurance solutions to enhance resilience among smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe, particularly in the context of climate change-related risks, such as droughts and floods. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of parametric insurance as a risk management strategy for smallholder farmers, focusing on its potential to provide timely payouts based on predefined climate triggers. The purpose of the research was to understand how parametric insurance could offer a viable alternative to traditional insurance, which is often inaccessible for smallholders due to cost, complexity, and other barriers. The literature review highlighted the challenges that smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe face in accessing conventional agricultural insurance products, such as affordability, lack of awareness, and inadequate infrastructure. It also examined the advantages of parametric insurance, including its ability to deliver faster payouts linked to measurable climatic events, thus providing a more accessible and reliable safety net. A mixed-methods research approach was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques. The study utilized a cross-sectional research design and focused on a sample of 150 smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe, selected through purposive and random sampling methods. Data were collected through surveys, interviews, and focus group discussions with farmers, insurance providers, and agricultural experts. Ethical considerations included ensuring informed consent, voluntary participation, and the confidentiality of respondents. The main findings revealed that while parametric insurance held significant potential for improving resilience, several challenges hindered its adoption, including limited awareness, trust issues, and affordability concerns. The study concluded that for parametric insurance to be effective, policy interventions, increased awareness campaigns, and partnerships among key stakeholders were necessary. Recommendations included strengthening institutional frameworks and providing targeted education on parametric insurance to improve uptake.
| 11 |
Author(s):
Ololade Moses Olatunji, Victor Chuks Edyang, Ikpe Jimmy Udom, Samuel Akpan Nta , Godwin Akpan Usoh.
Page No : 137-144
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Application of Hazard Quotient (HQ) for Measuring Potential Health Risk of Surface Water Users in Douglas Greek.
Abstract
This study presents application of hazard quotient (HQ) for measuring potential health risk of upstream and downstream surface water users in Douglas Greek in Qua Iboe Terminal in Ibono L.G.A. Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. For calculating the HQ, 12 parameters, namely, Temperature, Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen(DO), TDS, TSS, Nitrate, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cr, Cl and EC were considered. The HQ for temperature was 1.2 and 1.3, turbidity was 39.2 and 44.8, DO was 2.7 and 2.5, EC was 11.7 and 12.5, TDS was 14 and 15, TSS was 26 and 30.1, nitrate was 1 and 0.9, Cl was17.3 and 19.8, Pb was 6.8 and 7.3, Cr recorded same as 0.02, nickel was 6.9 and 9.8 and Cu recorded same as 0.1 at the upstream and downstream surface water in Douglas Greek. The HQ of temperature, turbidity, DO, EC, TDS, TSS, Cl, Pb, and nickel in water samples were all greater than unity and thus posed a potential health risk for human oral consumption. The present study revealed that upstream and downstream surface water in Douglas Greek poses a health risk to surface water resource users due to surface water contamination with gas flaring. Regular monitoring of upstream and downstream in Douglas Greek is recommended as well as research by biomedical experts to reveal the rigorous adverse impacts that physio-chemical contamination of surface water might induce in humans, particularly among individuals in vulnerable populations. Also, the local authorities should be made aware of such health risks and provide potable water facilities either by treating the water or find alternative sources for drinking.
| 12 |
Author(s):
Abinotami W. Ebute, Douye P. Wodu.
Page No : 145-157
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Analysis of the Nutritional Status of Surface (Epie Creek) and Underground (Boreholes) Water Sources in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State.
Abstract
The knowledge of dietary intakes of essential mineral elements from water is also important for proper assessment of the actual contribution of drinking water to daily nutrient requirements aside from food. This study aimed to explained drinking water contribution to the intakes of dietary elements and assess the overall situation in Bayelsa State. Water were samples following analytical standards from two sources at six locations for four months in Yenagoa. Results shows that all the assessed mineral elements were within the recommended dietary Intakes; Na, Mg, Ca, Man, Zn, K, F and Cl were within the recommended permissible limits by WHO (2019) except for phosphorus and fluoride. Result from the innovative Drinking Water Nutritional Quality Index ranged between 12.057 - 24.41 for the Epie Creek and 16.324 - 31.131 for boreholes; scientifically described as poor. The overall comprehensive mean Drinking Water Nutritional Quality Index is 37.698; scientifically described as poor, were Ca and Fe exerted the most influence on the DWNQI scores for the studied water samples. These results represented the poor contribution of water nutrient element for the overall human health; thus, it is a wakeup called for improvement through the provision of reliable potable water in the state.
| 13 |
Author(s):
Madu F. M., Okolo C. M., Alichi A. U..
Page No : 158-176
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Groundwater Quality Assessment in Parts of Aba Metropolis, Southeastern Nigeria.
Abstract
Groundwater quality assessment was carried out in Aba Metropolis to determine the quality of the water for various domestic uses. The study area is a metropolitan city with major markets and industries in the heart of Abia State, Nigeria. A total of forty-five (45) samples were collected and were analyzed for various physicochemical parameters using standard methods. The result shows that there is an increase in the concentration of majority of the parameters towards the city center and these variations was attributed to geogenic and anthropogenic factors. Background concentrations, WHO (2006) and NAFDAC (2006) standards for drinking water were used to ascertain the level of pollution and quality of the groundwater. Except for Fe++ which has background concentration above the permissible standard in the entire groundwater samples, most of the water samples fall within WHO/NAFDAC limits for drinking water. It is recommended that some remediation measures/appropriate water treatment be carried out before use for drinking purposes.
| 14 |
Author(s):
Wunukhen Shalom Wando, Kabir Garba Ilelah, Abdullahi Mohammad Jalam, Tijjani Garba, Ezemokwe Ifeanyi, Bala Useni, M.G. Daniel.
Page No : 177-192
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An Insight into the Modalities and Protocols of Choosing Environmental Corporate Social Responsibility Projects by the Commercial Banks in Bauchi.
Abstract
This study looked into and provided insights into the procedures and guidelines commercial banks in Bauchi's metropolitan area use to select environmental CSR initiatives by exploring the preferences of commercial banks in Bauchi Metropolis regarding environmental Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives, an area underrepresented in Nigerian CSR activities compared to health and education. Staff members from 18 commercial banks (representing 28 branches) were given a standardized questionnaire. Responses on the choice, prioritization, and execution of CSR projects were examined using descriptive and inferential methods, such as ANOVA. Of the 180 responders in the sample, 39.4% were women and 60.6% were men. 60.6% of participants had more than ten years of experience, and the majority (61.1%) had a university degree. ANOVA results revealed statistically significant preferences for project types, with the highest prioritizing going to waste management (p < 0.05) and public sanitation (p < 0.05), suggesting a common understanding of the city's environmental degradation. Green spaces and landscape beautification initiatives, however, were given less priority, indicating a preference for initiatives deemed more urgent or useful. The study found that although commercial banks in Bauchi are becoming more involved in environmental corporate social responsibility (CSR), the scope of these programs is narrow, prioritizing short-term, noticeable effects over long-term sustainability activities. To enhance urban aesthetics and encourage environmental stewardship, it was suggested that commercial banks broaden their CSR offerings to incorporate green infrastructure, such as urban beautification. Barriers to promoting green initiatives and tactics to promote wider environmental involvement in commercial banks' CSR efforts should be the subject of future research.
