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Author(s):
Ukabiala M. E., Omatule L. A., Kolo J..
Page No : 1-9
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Assessment of Irrigation Water Quality of River Okura in Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State, Nigeria.
Abstract
The analysis of physicochemical quality of Okura River in Dekina Local Government area of Kogi State was undertaken in this study to assess its suitability for irrigation purposes by considering three different locations along the river, consisting of the upper, middle and lower locations. In order to achieve the objectives, water samples were taken from each location, and the samples collected were analyzed in the laboratory using appropriate methodThe important parameters considered were: electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solid (TDS), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), contents of magnesium Mg2+, boron and chloride. The results showed that the parameters’ values fell within the safe limits for irrigation purposes. Thus, Okura river water can be developed for all year round crop production. However, the need to continuously monitor and assess water quality of the river for irrigation purposes is recommended.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Okereke E. Kingsley, Ekwealor U. Kenneth, Okereke N. Chukwu, Soludo C. Obumneme, Nwogiji C. Olando, Ogbu C. Angela, Ozibo A. Francis, Okoronkwo O. Francis.
Page No : 10-22
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Comparative Analysis of Soil Fertility and Nutrient Dynamics in Two Secondary Forests in Awka North and South Local Government Area, Anambra State.
Abstract
This study examines the comparative analysis of soil fertility and nutrient dynamics in two secondary forests Unizik Conservation Forest and Orebe Village Forest located in Awka North and South Local Government Areas of Anambra State, Nigeria. These forests are critical for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration, particularly in the face of increasing deforestation and land-use changes. Through soil sampling and standard laboratory procedures, the research assesses soil properties to evaluate their potential for regeneration and long-term sustainability. Key soil parameters, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, and exchangeable acidity, were analyzed. Results reveal significant differences in nutrient availability and soil properties between the two forests. Amansea Forest exhibited higher nutrient levels and organic carbon, while Unizik Forest demonstrated better water-holding capacity and soil structure. These variations reflect differences in vegetation, soil management practices, and environmental conditions, highlighting the need for tailored conservation strategies to support forest regeneration and long-term sustainability. Future studies should focus on long-term monitoring of soil nutrient dynamics and the impact of climate change on soil fertility in secondary forests.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Chinyere Adaku Onuoha, Nnaemeka Chinedu Ngobiri, Edache Bernard Ochekwu, Philip Onuoha, Maureen Tobechukwu Nwakuya.
Page No : 23-35
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Teachers’ Awareness and Responsiveness to Environmental Challenges in Nigeria.
Abstract
This study was carried out to unearth teachers’ awareness and responsiveness to environmental challenges in Nigeria. The supply of food, water, air, and shelter are among the most important ecological services on which humans rely. The survival of organic life and human advancement depend on the natural environment, which is an ecosystem. Nigerians depend on a variety of essential ecological services. Climate change, pollution, flooding, erosion, greenhouse gases, extreme weather, oil spills, natural disasters, and man-made disasters like poaching, the use of fossil fuels, careless waste disposal, bush clearing and burning, uncontrolled agricultural practices, deforestation, oil theft, and vandalism of oil pipes all pose threats to Nigeria's ecosystem. The general state of the environment is negatively impacted by educators' lack of awareness, and pro-environmental activities, especially with regard to environmental issues. It is pertinent to ascertain the level of Nigerian teachers’ awareness and responsiveness to environmental problems in Nigeria. To earth the research issues, a descriptive quantitative study was employed. Proportionate Stratified Sampling technique was used to sample 900 teachers across the 6 geopolitical zones in Nigeria. Results from the data collected revealed the following among others that Nigeria has serious environmental challenges, Nigerian students need to be taught Environmental Education; and improper disposal of wastes is a major problem in Nigeria. It was recommended among others that Nigerians should be educated on how to manage and dispose wastes properly. Another recommendation is that Environmental Education should be taught at schools in Nigeria.
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Author(s):
John Castillo-Torres, Karolina Faz, Kerly Narváez.
Page No : 36-52
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Preliminary Diagnosis of Birdlife Component on Parque Turístico Nueva Loja, Sucumbíos-Ecuador.
Abstract
Ecuador is the fourth country with the most incredible bird biodiversity worldwide, with an estimated 50% located in the Amazon region. Therefore, expanding research and conservation efforts is important. In this context, the Parque Turístico Nueva Loja is a suitable place for developing this zoological group, so we propose to determine the richness and relative abundance of birds in different habitats and identify their trophic guilds.
The Parque Turístico Nueva Loja covers 30 hectares, where eight counting points were established. Data collection was carried out during December 2022, starting at 05:30, when all birds were recorded by observation and song for 30 minutes. For statistical analysis, calculations were made for richness, relative abundance, and alpha and beta diversity. Range-abundance and species accumulation curves were also projected, and corresponding trophic guilds were recorded.
A total of 407 individuals belonging to 52 species from 26 families were recorded, with the most abundant species being Ara Severus (14.74%). The family with the highest abundance was Psittacidae, while the family with the highest richness was Tyrannidae. The most well-represented trophic guild was frugivorous (28.85%). In terms of biodiversity, an Inverse Simpson Index of 16.7 was obtained, and regarding the Jaccard’s Index, the highest similarity was between forest and anthropic zones with a value of 0.5.
In conclusion, due to Parque Turístico Nueva Loja location, anthropogenic activities in its surroundings influence the abundance and richness of birds, resulting in low biodiversity and high dominance of generalist and opportunistic species. However, the park has suitable habitats and resources for birds, making it an important site for biodiversity conservation.
| 5 |
Author(s):
S. A. Sumaila, A. A. Isa, I. U. Hussaini, U. M. Bashir, M. H. Kyari.
Page No : 53-63
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Formalizing Informal Settlements: Practical Imperatives for Sustainable Housing in Nigerian Cities.
Abstract
Informal Settlements have become more or less a permanent feature of Developing Countries’ Cities. These settlements have developed as a result of the failures of public housing programmes to reach the majority of the poor citizens of these countries. Despite the deplorable condition of housing in these settlements, they remain the only hope of the overwhelming majority of the poor citizens in attaining their housing aspirations. There is therefore the need to develop strategies to eradicate or mitigate the elements of informality of these settlements which give them their negative attributes. Similar strategies have been applied elsewhere, especially in Latin American cities, with some measure of success. This paper explores the viability of applying the strategy of formalizing informal settlements to achieving a sustainable housing development for Nigerian cities. Textual analysis of extant research reports together with a comprehensive survey of a Nigerian city case study constituted the research method. It is revealed that informal settlement characteristics elsewhere, for instance the Latin American region, is not much different from sub- Saharan Africa region in general and Nigeria in particular. Positive engagement by Nigerian government in easing land titling and formulation of realistic standards would be a major push towards sustainable housing for the masses.
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Author(s):
Asaasuen Terngu (Ph.D.), Tyondu Terfa.
Page No : 64-82
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Socioeconomic Challenges of Environmental Catastrophes: A Study of Annual Floods at Dura Flood Plain Along Gboko to Katsina-Ala Road, Buruku LGA, Benue State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Comic articulations and the phenomenal configuration of relief features, as well as anthropogenic activities are progressively getting vast portions of the global landscape susceptible to flood events of varying catastrophic magnitudes. This paper using administered 150 structured questionnaires, field surveys, journal articles, conference papers and rainfall records, as bases for empirical analysis, traces the root causes of river related annual floods with focus on the River Dura flood plain along Gboko to Katsina-Ala road. The paper also examines the major socioeconomic challenges of the annual floods within the context of agricultural productivity, transportation and commercial activities, as well as income generation by the local inhabitants. The study also employed Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) to produce a map of the study locality, which captures the flood plain. Results from the study revealed that annual floods in the locality are largely due to heavy rainfalls of high frequency. The study further revealed that large-scale disruption of farmlands, crops, traffic flow along the federal highway and footpath are some of the major challenges associated with the annual floods. The study accordingly recommends the immediate extension of the bridge across River Dura, dredging of the river, construction of a dam and use of bio-techniques to boost the level of crop resistance against inundation to alleviate the adverse effects of the annual floods in the locality.
| 7 |
Author(s):
Tumwebaze Adson, Dennis Twinomujuni, Edwin Baluku, Barirega Akankwasah, Francis. S. Ogwal, Isaac Mugabi, Richard Komakech.
Page No : 83-94
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Ozone Layer Depletion and Its Impacts on the Environment and Public Health: A Review.
Abstract
The level of solar UV radiation is increasing worldwide due to the depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer. The ozone layer is considered a protective shield from harmful ultraviolet radiation emitted from the sun to humans and the environment. In this narrative review, the paper investigates the cause of Ozone depletion, its impacts on the environment and human health, and initiatives to protect the ozone layer. It gives an overview of the depletion of the ozone layer from natural and anthropogenic processes, which has led to numerous harmful effects on human health and the environment. The exposure to harmful UV radiation has led to increased long-term effects, including the rise of melanoma is estimated to rise to 510,000 new cases and 96,000 deaths by 2040, and a decline in crop productivity by about 3% for every 10% increase in UVB radiation. However, the ratification of the Montreal Protocol globally has led to combined efforts to recover the stratospheric ozone layer. The challenges of limited funding to implement activities tailored towards abating ozone layer depletion, and porous borders in many countries still hinder the initiatives to save the ozone layer.
| 8 |
Author(s):
Owoh A. A., Green A. F., Anaero-Nweke G. N., Timothy C. F., Uche P. I..
Page No : 94-101
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Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Mullet Fish (Mugil Cephalus) from the New Calabar River, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Abstract
This study investigates the influence of human activities on mullet fish (Mugil cephalus) by analyzing the levels of heavy metals in fish samples obtained from the New Calabar River in Rivers State. Fish were collected from three different sites over a three-month period (June to August), and tested for the presence of Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn), and Cadmium (Cd). The concentration of these metals in the fish tissues was measured to evaluate their potential toxicity, the environmental impact on the river, and the suitability of the fish for human consumption. All three heavy metals were detected in the samples, with concentrations showing both spatial and temporal variations. Spatially, Lead ranged from 0.009 ± 0.001 mg/kg at station 1 to 0.021 ± 0.002 mg/kg at station 3; Zinc ranged from 2.24 ± 0.02 mg/kg at station 1 to 2.41 ± 0.05 mg/kg at station 3; and Cadmium ranged from 0.28 ± 0.04 mg/kg at station 1 to 0.37 ± 0.04 mg/kg at station 3. Temporally, Lead levels ranged from 0.01 ± 0.06 mg/kg in June to 0.02 ± 0.01 mg/kg in August; Zinc from 2.08 ± 0.34 mg/kg in June to 2.13 ± 0.34 mg/kg in August; and Cadmium from 0.34 ± 0.07 mg/kg in June to 0.36 ± 0.07 mg/kg in August. The measured concentrations were all below the safety thresholds established by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA), indicating that the fish are safe for human consumption.
| 9 |
Author(s):
Karikpo L. P., Ekweozor I. K. E., Daka E. R., Boisa N., Anaero-Nweke G. N., Awanen A. V..
Page No : 102-115
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Risks Assessment of Heavy Metals in Goniopsis Cruentata from K-Dere Creek, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Abstract
The growth in population and industrialisation have contributed to the exponential increase in pollution in the Niger Delta ecosystem. Aquatic organisms have the ability to accumulate metals. This study is aimed at evaluating the levels and health risk assessment of metals (Cd, Cr, Pb and Fe) in Goniopsis cruentata from K-Dere Creek. Six sampling locations were mapped out with GPS and biological samples were collected and transported to the laboratory. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer was used for metals analysis using standard method. Data obtained were statistically analysed using SPSS version 23. The mean concentrations of metals in biota across the six stations were greater then recommended limit by Federal Ministry of Environment (FEnvm., 2021). Mean and standard deviation concentration Cd, Pb, and Fe showed no significant difference but Cr showed significant differences at p>0.05 across the stations. Metal concentrations decrease across the stations as follows; station1(Fe>Cd>Pb>Cr), station2(Fe>Cd>Pb>Cr), station 3(Fe>Cr>Cd> Pb), station4(Fe>Cr>Cd>Pb), station 5(Fe>Cr>Cd> Pb) and station6 (Fe>Cr>Cd>Pb). There was no significant difference in the mean concentration of metals across the months of sampling. Exposure assessment was evaluated in terms of estimated daily intake which from 3.34E-05 – 0.06 in station 1, 9.95E-06 – 0.05 in station 2, 7.99E-06 – 0.06 in station 3, 7.99E-06 – 0.06 in station 4, 7.99E-06 – 0.05 in station 5 and 9.59E-06 – 0.06 in station 6 between Pb and Fe respectively. Risk assessment for non-carcinogenic element through Hazard Quotient showed no significant health risk for Cr, Pb and Fe but Cr showed significant health risk across the stations. Hazard Index were greater than 1 across the six stations. Cd showed a significantly cancer risk while Cr showed no significant cancer risk across the stations respectively.
| 10 |
Author(s):
John Olayemi Afolayan, Ayobami Felicia Ibrahim.
Page No : 116-127
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Appraisal of Health and Safety Practices in Real Estate Office Workspaces in Nigeria.
Abstract
Nigeria's burgeoning real estate sector fuels economic growth via job creation, urban growth, wealth maximisation and sustainable development. The prospects and continuous increase in demand for real estate services is driving more people into the real estate professional. This underscores the critical need for the implementation of robust health and safety practices within offices where these services are carried out. In this study, the health and safety practices in real estate offices in Nigeria were assessed, focusing on the emphasis placed on safety and the availability of essential provisions. Employing a descriptive survey design, data from 302 valid responses across registered Estate Surveying and Valuation Firms were analysed using descriptive statistics. Findings revealed a general awareness of health and safety importance, but implementation varied significantly. While emergency routes, comfort, and restrooms received priority; staff counselling, insurance, and food amenities were largely neglected. The study advocates for proactive health and safety measures, stronger regulatory enforcement, and capacity building to foster healthier and more productive work environments. Enhancing health and safety in real estate offices is vital for employee well-being, organizational efficiency, and the long-term sustainability of the real estate sector.
