| 1 |
Author(s):
Akpan Uko Robert, Essien Jane Michael, Essien Michael Okon.
Page No : 1-17
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Effects of N-Power Programme on Poverty Reduction and Unemployment in Nigeria: Evidence From Data
Abstract
The effects of the N-power programme on poverty reduction and unemployment in Nigeria are investigated in this paper. Secondary data from 2004 to 2021 were employed but in comparison of two periods. Charts, Graph, Tables and Student t-test developed by Fisher were employed in analyzing the data. The result from the stylized facts revealed that there was an insignificant reduction in poverty rates as poverty rates during N-power average 41.26% and fluctuate within the six years of implementation of the programme. The p-value of 0.1748 which is higher than 0.05 confirmed that there is no statistical significant difference between poverty reductions in the two periods. The result also shows that N-power programme has not been effective in curbing unemployment as the rate of unemployment keeps increasing in the country. For N-Power to be effective in curbing poverty and unemployment, this paper recommends that government should have a transitional plan for beneficiaries, for the programme to a long term employment. This can be achieved by creating employment opportunities for beneficiaries within the ministries and agencies of governments, and encouraging the private sector to absorb the beneficiaries after some periods of training. Beneficiaries can also be given interest-free loans and mentorship to start their own small businesses and to employ others. Where this is not possible within the stipulated period, beneficiaries of the N-power should be made to stay on the programme until they find paid employment rather than lay them off to the labour market after two years without adequate plan to keep them off the poverty trap.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Ntobeko Ndlovu, Marcia Nyamukure.
Page No : 18-36
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Assessing the Contribution of Food Assistance for Assets on Food Availability in Chipinge, Zimbabwe
Abstract
This paper assessed the effects of Food for Assets (FFA) in improving food availability in Chipinge District of Zimbabwe. Results show that FFA significantly contributes to meeting immediate food needs for participating households, especially households with low numbers. However, being a short-term intervention and targeting few households within communities, the FFA programme’s overall effectiveness at the community level is minimal. As a coping strategy, households resorted to food rationing to ensure that the food lasted the whole season. Also, households that participated both as workers and had established plots in FFA irrigation schemes had a better opportunity to cope since they also resorted to their own food production. Such households were found to have increased food availability compared to non-beneficiaries. Short working hours that guide FFA activities have also allowed community members to engage in other productive activities to improve food security. We recommend that future FFA should be implemented over an extended period for a more sustainable benefit on food availability and livelihoods. Participation in the FFA programme should be transitory to enable progression from emergency response to more developmental initiatives that will result in long term food availability and sustainable livelihoods.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Emwinloghosa Kenneth Guobadia, Pamela Owamagbe Omoruyi, Christogonus Ifeanyichukwu Ugoh.
Page No : 37-48
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Impact of Fiscal Policy on Inflation in Nigerian Economy
Abstract
This paper examines the impact of fiscal policy on inflation in Nigeria for the period 1981-2021. The study adopts autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach. The unit root results revealed that other variables apart from inflation were stationary after first difference. The bound test result shows that the variables cointegrate. The ARDL long-run result shows that oil revenue has a negative significant impact on inflation, while government recurrent expenditure and capital expenditure have positive impact on the inflation, with the impact of recurrent expenditure significant. The results further showed that the impacts of oil revenue, recurrent expenditure, and capital expenditure in long-run was also maintained in the short run. Lastly, exchange rate and total imports have negative impact on inflation, while foreign direct investment inflow has a positive impact on inflation in both long- and short-run. The government should review her fiscal policy to adjust recurrent and capital expenditure, and to reduce import by encouraging consumption of local products.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Shantanu Solanke, Hrishikesh S. Kakde.
Page No : 49-56
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A Study of Non-Economic Factors Impacting Consumer Demand
Abstract
A study of non-economic factors impacting consumer demand tries to identify whether there is an impact of non-economic factors on consumer demand, or desire leading to demand. Respecting the subjective nature of demand. The researcher identifies variables leading to the creation of demand and tries to categorize the variables in the factors impacting the demand, identifying key factors and formulating them to find new connections and help understand demand. This study explores the non-economic factors, to understand the basics of demand by consumers. This study complements the law of demand, assuming an inverse relationship between price and demand; the researcher hypothecates certain non-economic variables that along with the price of the commodity influences the demand. This study shall prove to be an important tool to anyone who wants to understand demand dynamics and turn it in their own favor. The descriptive study with a survey and a detailed analysis of the data shall help to increase confidence in finding new connections between economic and non-economic factors that can be used as a strategy for sales and/or profit maximization. The study is built on a research scale that will help the reader to understand how the title is justified. The listed limitations of the study shall pave the path for further research in the given area.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Azuka Elvis Ozegbe, Lateef Olusegun Salami.
Page No : 57-73
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The Mediating Role of Governance in Foreign Direct Investment Inflows and Economic Performance Nexus: New Evidence from Nigeria
Abstract
The recent FDI-growth literature suggests that the varying effects of foreign direct investment on economic growth in host countries might be due to certain domestic factors that determine the benefits of FDI. Among these factors is the quality of governance; thus, this study examined how the interaction between foreign direct investment (FDI) and governance affects the performance of the Nigerian economy by relying on annual time series data spanning 1986 to 2021. The results from the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model revealed that the interaction between governance and foreign direct investment exerts a positive and highly significant impact on economic performance. Apparently, the interaction between governance and foreign direct investment appears to be elastic. The foregoing suggests that governance is a significant moderating factor between foreign direct investment and economic performance in Nigeria.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Lamin B. Jammeh, Emwinloghosa Kenneth Guobadia, Christogonus Ifeanyichukwu Ugoh.
Page No : 74-84
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Exponential Smoothing State Space Innovation Model for Forecasting Export Commodity Price Index in Nigeria
Abstract
Commodity price forecasts play an important role in terms of guidance to economic agents and policymakers in developing countries. This paper focuses on the development of exponential smoothing state space (ETS) innovation models for forecasting monthly export price indexes of four different commodities in Nigeria for the period 2000-2021. The data are secondary and collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin. After examining the possible models using the computed information criteria, the results showed that the exponential smoothing state space model (M, Ad, N), (M, N, M), (M, N, M), and (M, N, N) are suitable for forecasting Commodity 1, Commodity 2, Commodity 3, and Commodity 4 respectively.
| 7 |
Author(s):
Ajigo Ikutal, Alaribe M. O., Olaitan S. O..
Page No : 85-97
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Quality Assurance of Teachers in Implementing the Content of Pre- Vocational Agriculture Curriculum in Primary School in Imo State, Nigeria
Abstract
This study was carried out to ascertain the quality assurance of teachers in implementing the content of the pre-vocational curriculum of primary school. Two research questions were formulated and answered by the study. The study was carried out in Mbaitoli Local Government Area of Imo State, Nigeria. Evaluation and survey research designs were adopted for the study. Sample for the study was 42 teachers of primary school in the area of study. A 35-item psycho-productive multiple choice test and 24 cluster items questionnaire were used to collect data from respondents. Data collected were analyzed using frequency and percentage score (for the multiple choice test), weighted mean and performance gap analysis (for the questionnaire items). It was found out from the study that the teachers were of average quality, and needed improvement for effective teaching of agriculture to pupils in primary school. It was therefore recommended that the findings of this study should be packaged by relevant stakeholders for retraining the teachers through workshops, seminars, or short duration courses for improved performance on the content of pre-vocational agriculture curriculum in primary school.
| 8 |
Author(s):
John Ndungu.
Page No : 98-113
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Nexus Between Financial Inclusion and Inclusive Growth, The East Africa Case Study
Abstract
This article empirically investigates the quantitative relationship between financial inclusion and inclusive
growth in the East Africa Region. The study employs Driscoll and Kraal's augmented fixed effects
estimation technique to analyze data from year 2011 to 2021 for five Eastern African Countries. The results
show that inclusive growth is positively impacted by financial inclusion. In terms of usage of financial
services by gender, on average, a percentage increase in female account ownership and male account
ownership will lead to a 0.025% and 0.024% increase in inclusive growth, respectively. The study also
found a link between prosperity and inclusive development. This data emphasizes the need for the creation
of special agents' tools to provide financial services to the underprivileged and women, as well as the
recommendation that financial institutions implement programs to raise adult populations' financial literacy
in order to increase access and usage of financial services.
| 9 |
Author(s):
Ali Salisu, Adahama Ibrahim Haladu.
Page No : 114-125
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An Assessment of the Relationship between Stock market Development and Monetary Policy on Economic Growth in some selected African Countries
Abstract
The stock market supplies equity and a direct form of finance to prospect investors for economic reasons. This function qualifies it to work as an essential long-term lubricant in the economic growth progress. The study examines the relationship between stock market development and monetary policy on economic growth in the major oil producing African countries namely Nigeria, Angola, Algeria and Libya. The panel unit root tests show that real gross domestic product, market capitalization and interest rate are integrated of order one while money supply is integrated of order zero. The fixed effect model shows that market capitalization, money supply and interest rate have positive and statistically significant effect on the real gross domestic product in Nigeria, Angola, Algeria and Libya. The study concludes that stock market development has a positive effect on economic growth in the selected African countries and monetary policy has a positive effect on economic growth in the selected African countries. The recommends that African countries especially Nigeria, Angola, Algeria and Libya should advance buying and selling of stock by encouraging more companies and securities to be listed in the stock exchange for more equity capitalization and finally this could lead to increase in economic growth in their region, expansionary monetary policy should implemented in African countries in order to boast economic variables and achieved higher economic growth.
| 10 |
Author(s):
Rajneel Ravinesh Prasad.
Page No : 126-133
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Impact of Advanced Technologies on the Accounting Sector in Developing Nation: Evidence from Fiji
Abstract
The emergence of advanced technologies (blockchains, machine learning, data mining, cloud computing) in Fiji’s accounting sector have revolutionized how accounting works. It has increased data accuracy, human efficiency, enhanced real time data exchange and risk management and reduced costs. However, there have also been some negative impacts such as redundancy of basic accounting roles, increased data security threats, increased set up and training costs. This study examines the positive and negative impacts of adoption of new technologies by the accounting industry in Fiji and puts forward some recommendations on how these challenges could be effectively addressed so that, rather than being perceived as a threat, humans’ partner with these software and tools to reap the maximum benefits. Practical Contribution: The findings help stakeholders to implement effective business strategies to enhance positive impacts and mitigate negative impacts of advanced technologies especially in developing nations. Theoretical Contribution : This research contributes an empirical study to the literature on advanced technologies and accounting in developing nations.
| 11 |
Author(s):
Nwala Maureen Nneka, Gimba John Toro, Eche George Ezenna.
Page No : 134-147
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Domestic Debt and Price Stability in Nigeria.
Abstract
The impact of domestic debt on price stability in Nigeria from 2008 to 2023 is being analyzed in the research. The study employed an ex post-facto research design. Data from the Central Bank of Nigeria's statistical bulletin 2023 and Debt Management Office reports 2023 were used, specifically quarterly time series data. The dependent variable of price stability is inflation rate, while the independent variable were banking sector debt and non-banking sector debt. The Johansen cointegration test estimation was used based on the unit root test result with shows that domestic debt had no cointegration with inflation rate in Nigeria. Based on regression analysis, it was found that the banking sector debt had a positive significant effect on inflation rate in Nigeria. While, non-banking sector debt had a negative significant effect on inflation rate in Nigeria. Therefore, the study recommended that banking sector debt should be properly channeled to productive financing of working capital to agricultural sector of seedlings and fertilizers that will enhance price stability by reducing food inflation. Government should give more priority to domestic debt through non-banking sector debts such as the Sukuk loans which is tied to capital projects like roads, rails, and many other infrastructural developments.
| 12 |
Author(s):
Anugwom Chinenye Georgina.
Page No : 148-165
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The Sustainability of External Debt and Economic Development in Nigeria.
Abstract
This study carried out an empirical investigation on an empirical analysis of external debt sustainability and economic growth in Nigeria covering the period 1981 to 2021. Data for the study were extracted from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin and world development index (WDI) 2020. The method of data analysis used is the linear regression method with the application of Error Correction Model (ECM). The major findings of the study reveal that there exists a negative and insignificant relationship between external debt sustainability and economic growth in Nigeria (= -0.000206, p-value = 0.4955 > 0.05) and there is a bi-directional causality relationship between external debt sustainability and economic growth in Nigeria (p-value = 0.0005 < 0.05 and 0.0071 < 0.05). It is therefore the recommendation of the study that the government should ensure economic and political stability in order to enjoy the benefits of external debt and make the debt burden minimal and the government should acquire external debt largely for economic reasons rather than social or political reasons. This would increase the productivity of the nation.
