| 1 |
Author(s):
Oluwagbenga David Adekunle, Blessing Salome Tejumola, Mercy Oluchi Umensofor, Isibor Areghan.
Page No : 1-12
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Crude Oil Price and Balance of Payment in Nigeria: An ARDL-Bound Test Approach.
Abstract
This study investigates crude oil price and balance of payments in Nigeria using quantitative method of analysis with data collected from CBN and world bank publications spanned from 1991-2023. The study employs the descriptive analysis and Auto Regression Distributive Lag (ARDL) technique of estimation in investigating the variables and found that crude oil price (WTI) had an insignificant impact on the balance of payment within the study period in Nigeria. Also, inflation rate and exchange rate were insignificant while balance of trade was significant factor that influenced the country’s BOP position. It was further discovered from the study that balance of trade, exchange rate and interest rate were negatively related to BOP, while WTI was positively related to BOP. It was discovered that the balance of payments has a long run relationship with all the variables included in the model. Based on the findings, the study recommends that government should focus on diversification of the economy from oil to other sectors, such as the agricultural sector, service sector, trade, and commerce sector, etc. so as to have many export commodities and services which will open up different sources of revenue for the economy and reduce over-reliance on oil earnings and hence a favourable balance of payment position.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Nonso P. Okafor, Charles U. Onugu (Ph.D.).
Page No : 13-21
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The Sustainable Interaction of Revenue and Budget Performance in Anambra State.
Abstract
This study examines the sustainability of the relationship between revenue sources and budget performance in Anambra State from 2013 to 2023, examining the time series of budget performance, licenses, and fines. The secondary sources of data include Anambra State Government Budgets, Anambra State Government reports of the Accountant General with Financial Statements and Anambra State Government Budget Performance Reports. The results, derived from a linear regression model, indicate that past budget performance does not predict future budget performance and this implies budgeting volatility. The short-run effect of license receipts on budget performance is negative but the lagged value indicates weak positive but statistically insignificant effect. The short-run effect of fines on budget performance is negative but the lagged effect is positive and statistically significant, suggesting fines have a positive lagged impact on budget performance. In general, the results identify the challenge of obtaining sustainable and stable budget realization within Anambra State and indicate the necessity for better fiscal management procedures and better coordination between revenues and implementation of the budget.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Lasisi T. A., Oladimeji O. A., Ogunsakin F. B., Akomolafe A. A..
Page No : 22-36
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Micro-Credit Initiatives for Women’s Equitable and Sustainable Development in Southwestern Nigeria.
Abstract
Women empowerment is a pivotal issue of developing counties, particularly in Asia and Africa. Zero poverty and gender equality are the distinctive goals among SDGs of UN. Micro credit has been widely recognized in the recent development to have positive consequences of societal economic development. However, most studies examine the impact of micro credit on some narrow indicators of well-being such as income, poverty, education and health. While these indicators do measure and represent the standard of living of the society, and are important development objectives, they focus only on the material aspect of well-being. Therefore, it does not really shed light on whether micro credit is associated with quality of life which is the subjective aspect of economic development. This gives rise to the question on whether micro credit also leads to better quality of life. This research attempts to answer this question by encompassing the investigation not only on the impact of micro credit and its domains loan duration, training and loan size on income, but also on quality of life. The Multinomial logit model analysis technique was used to make empirical evidence to show the association between microcredit and quality of life. The cross sectional primary data that were obtained from a survey questionnaire of 400 women borrowers of the three microcredit provided banks, namely Microfinance bank, Agriculture credit and Loan Bank, Cooperatives and state poverty alleviation program in southwest was used for the analysis. The results show that micro credit and its three domains loan duration, training and loan size have an important impact on household income as well as on quality of life. These findings indicate that micro credit is an essential investment to achieve good quality of life in particularly economically non-developed states and Local Government.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Ibraheem Mohammed Abd, Ban Ahmed Joumaa, Nassr Hussein Ali.
Page No : 37-54
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The Impact of Job Enrichment in Reducing the Turnover Rate in Iraqi Telecommunications Companies.
Abstract
This study aims to determine the extent of the job enrichment impact in reducing the turnover rate in Iraqi telecommunications companies. To achieve the study objectives, the researcher adopted the descriptive approach, and the research community was defined as technical and administrative workers in Iraqi telecommunications companies, who numbered (1,260) people. A survey was conducted on a random sample of (297) individuals. All distributed questionnaires were retrieved with a recovery rate of 100%, while the questionnaires prepared for analysis were (283) questionnaires, representing (95.28%) of the total questionnaires retrieved, The data was analyzed and hypotheses tested using the statistical analysis program SPSS V.26. The study reached a number of results, the most important of which are: A high level of application of both job enrichment and the work turnover rate was achieved in the companies studied, and it was also shown that a significant correlation with a negative direction and a high level between job enrichment and the work turnover rate. In addition to the contribution of all dimensions of job enrichment in reducing the turnover rate in Iraqi telecommunications companies, where the diversity of skills had the most impact on the turnover rate, followed by feedback, then independence, then defining tasks, and finally the importance of tasks.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Roy Maduabuchi Okpara, F. O. Chinyere Osunkwo, Larry Ogochukwu Achara, Ndubuisi Eme Uguru, Athanasius Nwokoro, Ihechukwumere Chukwunenye.
Page No : 55-71
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Capital Inflows and Economic Resilience: Foreign Direct and Portfolio Investments as Growth Catalysts in the Nigerian Economy.
Abstract
Capital inflows, including Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI), are pivotal in influencing the economic development of emerging economies. The focus of the study was to analyze the effect of inflow of capital on the Nigerian economic growth and agricultural productivity. Considering the behavioral pattern of the variables used for estimation, this study adopted Autoregressive Distributed Lagged model (ARDL). The findings of the analysis show that there is negative and insignificant relationship between FDI and Nigerian economic growth in both short and long run.FPI has mixed impact of positive and negative in the short run and long run respectively. Foreign portfolio investment (FPI) shows a positive but statistically insignificant short-run effect on agricultural output in Nigeria and negative but insignificant impact in the long run.Foreign direct investment has insignificant negative effect on agricultural productivity in the short run but a positive and insignificant effect in the long run. In the light of the findings and analysis of this research, the researcher recommends that policymakers should focus on attracting high-quality foreign direct investments by addressing underlying structural deficiencies, such as poor infrastructure and weak institutional frameworks. This can create an enabling environment for FDI to have a meaningful and positive impact on economic growth and agricultural productivity.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Veronica Adaku Ihezukwu, Foluso O. Chinyere Osunkwo, Joseph Chukwudi Odionye.
Page No : 72-82
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Distributional Influence of Financial Development and Economic Growth on Environmental Sustainability in Nigeria: Evidence from Quantile ARDL Model.
Abstract
This study investigates the distributional influence of financial development and economic growth on environmental sustainability in Nigeria. The study utlilized the novel quantile-based autoregressive distributed lag (QARDL) model. The findings reveal several critical insights: First, financial development significantly deteriorates environmental quality in both the short and long term, as evidenced by its positive impact on CO₂ emissions and ecological footprints across most quantiles—particularly at middle and upper quantiles where the effect intensifies. This confirms the distributional nature of financial development’s environmental impact, indicating that economic expansion through financial deepening has been accompanied by higher environmental costs. Second, the findings on economic growth support the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, showing that environmental degradation initially rises with growth but eventually declines at higher levels of income. This transition point, however, appears to occur only at upper quantiles, suggesting that Nigeria is still in the earlier stages of the EKC trajectory Third, the findings support the presence of asymmetry in the growth-finance-environmental quality relationship and underscore the distributional nature of the relationship across different environmental states. The study recommends the introduction of environmental risk assessments and sustainability criteria in financial sector lending and investment decisions and incentivises green financing products such as renewable energy loans, sustainable infrastructure bonds, etc. Furthermore, the government should channel economic growth toward sectors with lower carbon intensity through targeted tax incentives and subsidies.
| 7 |
Author(s):
Adjei Amaniampong (Ph.D.), Joseph Nkyi Asamoah, Benard Opoku Frimpong.
Page No : 83-92
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User-Defined Design Requirements of Intelligent Tutoring Systems: A Qualitative Study from the Perspective of HEI Lecturers in Ghana.
Abstract
Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs) offer numerous advantages for educators, such as providing personalized and differentiated instruction for diverse learners, which is a key element in shifting from teacher-centred to student-centred pedagogies. ITSs also help reduce teachers’ workload related to routine tasks, such as grading, providing feedback, and remediation, while promoting lifelong learning and supporting students' careers. Despite these inherent benefits, developing countries like Ghana have yet to realize the full potential of ITS. A significant gap remains in the contextual adaptation and implementation of ITS within Colleges of Education, as users have little to no input in the development process. Most existing ITSs are designed based on Western pedagogical frameworks, which may not align with the curriculum, language preferences, and infrastructural realities of Ghanaian higher education institutions. This study explores user-defined design requirements for ITS from the perspective of lecturers at Ghanaian Colleges of Education. Using a qualitative research approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with fifteen lecturers from three institutions: Offinso, Kibi, and Berekum. The results show that ITS design should align with pedagogical goals, include multilingual and culturally responsive features, support adaptive learning, and integrate seamlessly with existing educational technologies and Learning Management Systems. The implications of these findings for ITS developers, policymakers, and teacher educators are discussed, particularly in relation to the specific needs of higher education in developing countries.
