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Author(s):
Leslie Tabitha A., Bitrus Hannah S., Abaribe Chidinma E., Okwuikpo Margaret I., Maitanmi Julius O..
Page No : 1-13
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Patterns of Food Safety and Hygiene Practices Among Food Vendors in Government Primary School, Ikenne Local Government, Ogun State
Abstract
Food borne illness has continued to be a serious public health problem in developing countries especially among school children (who are known as the high-risk group for intestinal parasitic infections), and this can be prevented by good hygiene practices among vendors in the schools. School children are exposed to hazards of purchasing and consuming food from food vendors who may harbour dangerous pathogens or have the potential of spreading infection to a large number of other students, owing to their food safety and hygiene practices. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the pattern of food safety and hygiene practices among food vendors in public primary schools in Ikenne Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey design and the target population comprised 48 food vendors. The analysis revealed that 8.3% of the respondents had low knowledge of food safety and hygiene, 18.8% had moderate knowledge and 72.9% of them had high knowledge of food safety and hygiene. One-third of the respondents (33.3%) moderately practice food safety and hygiene and 66.7% highly practice food safety and hygiene. Factors that affected food safety and hygiene practices were access to protective equipment (100%), access to potable water (100%) and indoor food preparation environment (50%). There was a significant difference in the pattern of practice of food safety and hygiene among food vendors based on the level of knowledge of food safety and hygiene practice (p=0.000; t=45.208) and the level of education of the food vendors (p=0.00; t= 52.208). The study concluded that knowledge of food safety and hygiene practices among food vendors in public primary schools in Ikenne Local Government Area, Ogun State, Nigeria was high, though there was moderate practice. The study recommended that food vendors should be exposed to more training, regular monitoring, as well as providing basic facilities for food preparation in order to prevent the outbreak of food borne diseases among children.
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Author(s):
Bukola Titilope Maitanmi, Zainab Awojobi, Emmanuel Olumide Adesuyi, Julius Olatade Maitanmi, Precious Chibuike Chukwuere, Oluwadamilare Akingbade.
Page No : 14-30
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Knowledge and Perceived Effect of Sexual Abuse Among Adolescents in Selected Secondary Schools in Mushin Local Government, Lagos
Abstract
Introduction: One in 10 children would be sexually abused before their 18th birthday; about one in seven girls and one in 25 boys would be sexually abused before they turn 18. The statistics continues to increase even as low and middle-income nations of the world are gradually coming out to report cases of child sexual abuse. Aim: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and perceived effect of sexual abuse among adolescents attending selected secondary schools in Mushin Local Government. Methods: 414 respondents from selected secondary schools in Mushin Local Government participated in the study using the multistage random sampling technique. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26 and bivariate analysis was conducted using Chi-square test. Results: More than half of the adolescents fall within the age range of 15–17 years and majority were females. In addition to this, just a little above half of the participants were Christians and just below half of the students were in SSS 2. Also, more than half of the participants were Yorubas and well above half were from a nuclear family. Just about half of the adolescents have good knowledge about sexual abuse. In the measures of association, the relationship between the level of knowledge of sexual abuse and the perceived effect of sexual abuse was statistically significant. The relationship between adolescents’ perception of the effect of sexual abuse and their concept of the common forms of sexual abuse was also statistically significant. Conclusion: This study revealed that the adolescents under study had knowledge about sexual abuse and this knowledge determined their perception of the effect of sexual abuse, and this in turn determines what they consider as child sexual abuse. It is therefore necessary to intensify efforts on educating and re-educating children and adolescents on sexual abuse, how to identify it and how to prevent it through campaigns and health promotional activities.
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Author(s):
Fadipe Omotolani Abiodun, Oyerinde O. O. (Ph.D).
Page No : 31-51
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Preparedness and Attitudinal Disposition Towards Menarche Among In-School Girls in Ikenne
Abstract
The study examines the knowledge and attitudinal disposition towards menarche among in-school girls. The study utilised a cross-sectional descriptive design using quantitative (questionnaire). A multi-stage sampling technique was employed for the selection of 422 in-school girls in the selected secondary schools while a purposive sampling technique was used to select 13 school girls for focus group discussion. Frequency distribution table and summaries of descriptive statistics, inferential statistics of Pearson product-moment correlation analysis were used to test the research hypothesis. The study found that Most of the students 40.5% of the in-school girls have a high level of preparedness for menarche. Majority of the in-school girls 34.4% had moderate levels of attitudinal disposition towards menarche. Majority of the in-school girls 45% had a good level of coping mechanism towards menarche among in-school girls. There was a significant relationship between the level of preparedness for menarche and the attitudinal disposition of in-school girls in Ikenne Local Government. There was a significant relationship between the level of preparedness for menarche and the coping mechanism of in-school girls in Ikenne Local Government. The calculated R Squared and p-value for preparedness for menarche and attitudinal disposition is 0.716 which signifies 71.6% contribution to coping with menarche among in-school girls in Ikenne Local Government Area. The study recommends that there is a need for teachers to build a peaceful and healthy transition into womanhood through adequate preparation and provision of resources for young girls. Parents should create more time for their female adolescents towards given necessary psychosocial support as they enter menarche.
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Author(s):
Asonye Christian Chinedu.
Page No : 52-58
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Unmasking Fake News and Propaganda in the Healthcare System: Nurses Responsibility for Patients’ Safety
Abstract
Nursing practice in the 21st century is faced with a barrage of fake news and propaganda that makes it critical for nurses to have the necessary skills to identify truth and discern bias in the healthcare system. The ability to respond critically to fake news and propaganda is more than a safe-guarding tool for nurses. However, it is also a crucial democratic competence in its own right. Analytical and critical thinking, knowledge, and critical understanding of the world, including the role of language and communication, lie at the heart of nursing. Therefore, the nurses’ understanding of the nature and prevalence of propaganda, its seductions, aims, and consequences, and keeping critical thinking skills well-honed is vital in decreasing its influence in the healthcare settings and related harms, including lost opportunities to help patients.
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Author(s):
Sowunmi Christiana Olanrewaju, Olajide Adetunmise Oluseyi, Adenipekun Rhoda Adedoyin, Fadipe Ololade Omolayo, Ajibade Bayo Lawal.
Page No : 59-69
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Factors Influencing Nurses’ Involvements and Utilizations of Research Findings Among Nurses in a Teaching Hospital, South West, Nigeria
Abstract
Background: Nursing is a profession that is concern with ensuring high quality of patient care. To providing quality care, participation in research and research utilization is very necessary. Objective: This study was designed to study factors influencing nurses’ involvement in research and utilization of research findings among nurses of a Teaching Hospital, South west, Nigeria. Method: A descriptive design was used. Convenient sample technique was used to select 198 Nurses and Self-developed questionnaire with reliability index of 0.875 was used for data collection. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS package. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to test the hypotheses and results were presented in tables. Result: The outcome of the study showed that 153(77.3) have never carried out any research while70 (35.4%) have never make use of research findings. Factors such as time, organizational policy, mentorship, funds and knowledge of research are some of the major factors influencing the involvement of nurses in research while awareness of research findings, time to read research findings, support from colleague, unpublished research influenced utilization of research findings. There was a significant relationship between: support from colleagues and nurses’ utilization of research findings (p=0.001); between unpublished research and nurses’ utilization of research findings( p-value= 0.000); between time to implement new ideas and the utilization of research findings by nurses (p=0.005); between organizational support and nurses’ utilization of research findings (p= 0.001); between the presence of research committee and nurses’ utilization of research findings (p= 0.000). Conclusion; numerous factors highlighted above are noted to influence nurse’s participation and utilization of research findings; hence, a multidimensional approach should be applied in solving the problem.
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Author(s):
Adeyeni Abdul-Lateef Babatunde, Wennie Jummai, Asonye Christian Chinedu, Akintunde Funke Elizabeth, Sodimu Jeminat, Kenai Nanchak Dandam.
Page No : 70-85
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The Effect of a Nurse-Led Training on Knowledge of Pain Assessment and Management Among Surgical Nurses, South-West, Nigeria
Abstract
Introduction: Pain is inevitable in most invasive procedures, which include surgery. Patients experiencing pains expect to have it relieved by their caregivers, most especially nurses. However, these expectations are not often met. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of pain assessment and management training programs on surgical nurses’ knowledge about pain in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife. Material and Methods: The study utilized a one-group quasi-experimental pre and post-test design. The general formula was used to determine the sample size of 108 respondents out of a total population of 248 surgical nurses. A Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ) and a Text Paper on Knowledge and Management of Pain (TPKMP) were used to assess the surgical nurses’ knowledge of pain and management pre and post-intervention. Descriptive and inferential statistics (t-test) were used for data presentation and analysis via SPSS version 20 at a 0.05 level of significance. Results: Research findings revealed significant differences between pre and post-intervention knowledge on pain assessment (p = 0.007), knowledge on non-pharmacological management (p= 0.00) and knowledge of pharmacological management of pain (p = 0.00), respectively. Conclusion: Nurses are concerned with assessing the patients´ subjective experiences and have a moral obligation to care for the patients in pain. Therefore, the study recommended that regular training and seminars on pain assessment and management should be organized for nurses to render services that ensure comfort and optimal health outcomes.
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Author(s):
Amusan Ayorinde Olugbenga, Professor Agbede Catherine O..
Page No : 86-100
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Knowledge, Perception, Myths and Health Seeking Behaviour on Infertility Among Men and Women Attending Selected Hospitals in Ogun State, Nigeria
Abstract
Background: Infertility is medically defined as the inability to achieve a pregnancy after a year or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. It causes great worry and sorrow for many couples in Africa, especially for the women. Medical evidence shows that men and women usually have the same rates of infertility. This study therefore investigated the knowledge, perception, myths and health seeking behaviour on infertility among men and women attending selected hospitals in Ogun state, Nigeria. Methods: The study employed descriptive cross-sectional design. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 272 participants for the study. A 70-item validated semi-structured questionnaire with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.77 was used to collect data. The knowledge variable was measures on 27-point rating score and perception was measured on 27-point scale. The health seeking behaviour was measured on 9-point scale. Frequency, correlation, and linear regression analysis were conducted to give statistical responses to the research questions and hypotheses using IBM-SPSS version 25. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 33.27 ±8.7years and 204(75%) of the respondents were female. Most 172(63.2%) of the respondents were of the Christian faith, 149(54.8) of the respondents had a tertiary education, less than half 131(48.2%) of the respondents were self-employed and majority of the respondents were married 220(80.9%). The respondents’ knowledge on infertility measured on a 27points knowledge scale, rating showed a mean score of 14.81±3.48. The respondents’ perception on infertility measured on a 27-point rating scale, showed a mean of 14.45±3.52, and the respondents’ health seeking behaviour was measured on a 9-points scale rating with a respondents mean score of 5.20±1.97. Majority 238(87.5%) of the respondents knew that infertility can be prevented, of those who stated that infertility can be prevented reported the following means, health education on reproduction 225(94.5%), fertility awareness 226 (95%), and early treatment of sexually transmitted disease 236(99.1%) Majority 209(76.8%) of the respondents knew that infertility can be treated. Less than half 100(36.8%) of the respondents disagreed that infertility is not a serious problem, while 91(33.5%) opposed to the idea that infertility is only serious in African society. The knowledge and health seeking behaviour (r=0.22; p=0.00) (R=0.22; R2=0.04; p<0.05), perception and health-seeking behaviour (r=0.14; p=0.02) (R=0.14; R2=0.02; p<0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion the respondents had adequate knowledge and perception of infertility. Majority of the respondents’ health seeking behaviour included the use of traditional and orthodox medicine. Majority of the respondents had poor health-seeking behaviour.
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Author(s):
Kasarawa A.B., Mainasara S.S., Salau I.A..
Page No : 101-107
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Studies on the Prevalence and Etiology of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Among Women Attending Primary Health Centers in Sokoto Metropolis
Abstract
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is an inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tube, and ovaries as it progresses to scar leading to infertility and other reproductive problems. This research work was conducted to determine the etiology, antibiogram and prevalence of pelvic inflammatory disease among women attending Public Health Centres in Sokoto metropolis. The main objective of the study is to isolate the pathogens and determine the antibiotics sensitivity pattern and prevalence age of the Disease among the patients diagnosed with PID. 155 PID patients that were sorted by age and month were diagnosed within the year 2020. Laboratory assay on the etiology and antibiogram were carried out. From the total (155) patients diagnosed with PID in this study, thirty-three (33) were within the age of 15-20, forty-one (41) were between the ages of 21-25 and fifty-five (55) were between the age ranges of 26-30. The least (26) were between ages of 36 and 40. The highest prevalence age (35.5%) in this study were observed to fall between the ages of 26-30 then followed by forty-one patients (26.5%) prevalence that were between the ages of 21-25. The least in occurrence were 26 patients (8.4%) that were between the age range of 36 and 40. Similarly, the results obtained from this study revealed that there were 77 (49.67%) recorded in the first quarter of the year 2020. This was then followed by 48 (30.97%) patients in the last quarter. The least occurrence of PID patients 30 (19.35%) were diagnosed in the second quarter of the same year. The pathogens consistently identified to be associated with the disease were Neisseria gonorrhea and ciprofloxacin was the most sensitive on antibiogram. The factors responsible were poor personal hygiene, environmental pollution and unsanitary conditions of the toilets. It is recommended that patients should regularly visit health facilities for routine diagnosis of PID and ciprofloxacin and Broad spectrum antibiotics were the most efficacious for use in this study in the treatment of Pelvic inflammatory Disease.
