| 1 |
Author(s):
Obube Olumide Abiodun, Nnodimele Atulomah (Prof.), Obube Motunrayo Ibukun, Bello Olufunmilayo Esther, Fabiyi Gbolahan Akanji.
Page No : 1-12
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Impact of Community-Based Health Education Program on Adherence to Physical Activities among Pre-Diabetic Older Adults in Selected LGAs in Ogun State Nigeria.
Abstract
Physical activity is a well-established preventive measure against diabetes, particularly Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The increasing elderly population and changes in lifestyle behaviors have led to a higher prevalence of diabetes among older adults. Although community-based health education has shown promise in enhancing maternal and child health outcomes, its effectiveness in promoting physical activity adherence among pre-diabetic older adults remains underexplored in Nigeria. This study assessed the impact of a community-based health education program on adherence to physical activities among pre-diabetic older adults in selected LGAs in Ogun State, Nigeria. Methodology: A quasi-experimental design was employed. From a population of 1,005 pre-diabetic older adults, 60 participants were selected using power analysis, with 30 participants each assigned to the Experimental Group (EG) and Control Group (CG). The EG received two-hour health education sessions twice weekly for four weeks focusing on physical activity, while the CG received two-hour weekly sessions on personal hygiene. A structured and validated questionnaire with Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients ranging between 0.71 and 0.80 was used for data collection at baseline, immediate post-intervention, and 12th-week follow-up. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics at a 5% level of significance. Results: At baseline, adherence scores were low for both groups, with EG scoring 15.03 ± 1.50 and CG scoring 14.85 ± 1.54. By the 12th-week follow-up, the EG showed a significant improvement in adherence to physical activities with a mean score of 42.27 ± 11.51, compared to 14.50 ± 1.48 in the CG. Knowledge and perception scores also improved significantly in the EG compared to the CG. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences (p < 0.05) at post-intervention phases, demonstrating that the health education intervention substantially enhanced adherence, knowledge, and perception of physical activities among pre-diabetic older adults in the experimental group. Conclusion: The community-based health education program significantly improved adherence to physical activities, knowledge, and perception among pre-diabetic older adults in selected LGAs in Ogun State. These findings underscore the importance of integrating structured physical activity education into community health programs targeting older adults to prevent the progression of pre-diabetes to Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Obube Motunrayo Ibukun, Andrew Olu Fadoju (Prof.), Oyewole O. Oyerinde (Prof.), Obube Olumide Abiodun, Bello Olufunmilayo Esther, Fabiyi Gbolahan Akanji.
Page No : 13-23
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Effect of Edutainment on Utilization of Sexual Health Services Among In-school Adolescents in Selected Secondary Schools in Lagos State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Background: Adolescence is a pivotal stage of life marked by rapid physical, emotional, and social changes, which play a crucial role in shaping an individual’s future health and well-being. During this time, adolescents begin to form their identities, develop independence, and make decisions that can have long-lasting effects on their health Therefore, this study assessed the Impact of edutainment on knowledge and attitude of sexual health services utilization among in-school adolescents in Lagos State, Nigeria.
Methodology: The study employed a quasi-experimental design. A sample size of 30 Adolescents for each group was derived using the Power formula. Two Local Government Areas were randomly selected in Lagos State. Ikorodu was the Experimental group (EG) and Eti-osa was the Control group (CG). A structured validated questionnaire with Cronbach’s alpha reliability index ranging from 0.7 to 0.8 was used to collect data. Data was collected at baseline, immediate post-intervention and six weeks follow-up. Data was analysed using descriptive, and inferential st gAatistics at 5% level of significance.
Results: Findings showed that at baseline, assessed on a scale of 0 to 45 and categorized as low (0–15), moderate (16–30), and high (31 and above), show that the control group had a mean utilization score of 5.67 (SE = 0.88) with a standard deviation of 4.80. Similarly, the experimental group had a mean score of 7.43 (SE = 0.58) with a standard deviation of 3.19. Both scores fall within the low utilization category, indicating limited engagement with sexual health services. However, at the 12th-week follow-up, the mean score significantly increased to 41.93 ±1.66, suggesting a substantial rise in the utilization of these services post-intervention. The effect size (ES) of 13.57, with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 33.25 to 35.75, is large, indicating a significant and practical improvement in the utilization behavior of the participants.
Conclusion: This research highlights the significant role of targeted educational interventions in improving adolescents' utilization of sexual health services (SHS). Prior to the intervention, both the control and experimental groups exhibited low levels utilization. However, after the intervention, the experimental group showed marked improvement in all areas, demonstrating the effectiveness of educational efforts in addressing common barriers such as misinformation, stigma, and lack of awareness.
| 3 |
Author(s):
I. I. Alawor, G. G. Elsayed, P. Babu, M. Arshanapalai, N. Nair, S. S. Matar, Z. M. Argungu.
Page No : 24-30
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Enhancing Peripheral Intravenous Line Complication from Insertion to Removal in Aster Sanad Hospital, Riyadh.
Abstract
Background: Peripheral intravenous (IV) lines are among the most commonly performed clinical procedures, yet they remain associated with high complication rates, including thrombophlebitis, infiltration, infection, and patient dissatisfaction due to multiple insertion attempts.
Aim: This quality improvement (QI) project aimed to reduce IV-related complications, increase first-attempt success rates, and enhance patient satisfaction at Aster Sanad Hospital, Riyadh.
Methods: The project followed the FOCUS-PDCA framework. A multidisciplinary team reviewed current practices, identified root causes, and implemented targeted interventions including staff training, competency-based privileges, improved equipment, enhanced infection control (IC) adherence, and patient feedback mechanisms.
Results: Post-intervention, first-attempt IV insertion success increased from 82% to 99% and benchmark is 95%, while complication rates (≥ Grade 2 thrombophlebitis) decreased to 0.112% with benchmark of <5%. Patient satisfaction rate related to IV insertions were improved and reach to 99%.
Conclusion: Structured QI initiatives can significantly improve IV line safety, patient satisfaction, and clinical outcomes. Sustained monitoring and reinforcement of standards are essential for long-term success.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Arinade Omokehinde Oyebode (Ph.D.), Olumide Ephraim Olajide (Ph.D.), Oladejo Thomas Adepoju (Ph.D.), Adetunmise Oluseyi Olajide (Ph.D.), Iyanuoluwa Oreofe Ojo (Ph.D.).
Page No : 31-46
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Effect of Nurse-Led Intervention on Nutritional Status of Under–Five Children and Their Mothers in Nigeria.
Abstract
Introduction: Malnutrition is a major health problem among children in sub-Saharan Africa. Despite the severity of malnutrition, evidence has shown that the management of malnutrition among the under-5 is still poor in Ibadan Nigeria.
Aims and Objectives: The study was, designed to determine the effect of infant nutritional welfare clinic on the management of malnutrition among under-5 children in Ibadan Nigeria. The differences between the pre-intervention and post-intervention of malnourishment in under-5 children were tested.
Methods: The quasi-experimental design, factorial matrix, pre and posttest design was adopted. The purposive sampling technique was used to select two local government out of eleven: Ona-Ara and Ibadan Southeast Local Government Areas with the highest and relatively low infant malnutrition rates. Mothers of stunted under-5 children in six communities (three from each of the LGAs) were selected. The LGAs were selected and assigned to Intervention (32) and control (53) groups. The instruments used were Food Frequency Questionnaire, Mother’s Feeding and Practice Knowledge, Shirkers Strip, Adopted UNICEF’s Infant and Young Child Feeding guide and anthropometric indices. The treatment included infant and young child feeding training and food demonstration which lasted 12 weeks. Quantitative data were subjected to percentages, Pearson correlation and chi square at 0.05 level of significance.
Results: The under-five children in both the intervention and control groups had a mean age of 15.4 ± 6.2 months. At baseline, 28 (87.5%) of the children in the intervention group and 49 (92.5%) of the children in the control group were mildly malnourished. Following the intervention, 28 (87.5%) of the children in the intervention group were normal weight, while 4 (12.5%) were malnourished. Findings from the pre-intervention outcomes comparing the intervention and control groups' body mass index and anthropometric parameters (nutritional status) show that the coefficient (0.551) and negative Pearson correlation (–0.631) confirm a strong relationship. There was a significant association (47.998, df = 3, p = 0.001) between the children's body mass index and the intervention. However, the post-intervention results indicate no significant association between children's nutritional status and the intervention. The coefficient (.082) and Pearson correlation (-.082) suggest a very weak relationship.
Conclusion: The nurse-led intervention provided to mothers of children under five helped improve their children's nutritional status. This programme should be adopted to combat malnutrition in children under five.
