| 1 |
Author(s):
Omobola T. Oluwaseyi, Christiana O. Sowumi, Christiana A. Owopetu, Oluwatosin E. Ogunmuyiwa.
Page No : 1-11
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Effect of a Nurse-Led Intervention on Knowledge of PMTCT among Mothers Living with HIV Attending Tertiary Hospitals in Ondo-State
Abstract
Background: Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) continues to be the major source of HIV infection and the cause of maternal and fetal/infant mortality in Nigeria and other developing nations of the world. The study assessed the effect of a nurse-led intervention on knowledge of Prevention of MTCT of HIV among mothers living with HIV attending tertiary hospitals in Ondo State. Methods: This study adopted a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental research design. One hundred and sixteen (116) respondents participated in the study; 40 respondents served as the control group and 76 respondents in the experimental group. Descriptive analysis and inferential statistics were utilized to generate findings at 0.05 level of significance. Results: Findings from the study revealed that the participants had fair knowledge generally on the subject matter pre intervention. There was knowledge gain among the experimental group on HIV/AIDS and PMTCT as revealed by mean gain of 2.03 and 3.31 respectively. There were significant differences between the pre and post intervention mean score knowledge of mothers living positively on HIV/AIDS and on PMTCT evidenced by p< 0.000 and p < 0.000 respectively. Conclusion: The nurse-led intervention on knowledge utilized in this study enhanced the knowledge of mothers living positively with HIV. Therefore knowledge-based programmes should be included in various PMTCT packages and periodic evaluation to reveal the effectiveness of health education.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Ayanleke Biliaminu, Prof. J. O. Aina.
Page No : 12-53
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Assessment of Factors Associated with Treatment Relapse among Patients Diagnosed with Psychotic Illness in two Psychiatric Hospitals in South West, Nigeria
Abstract
Factors associated with relapse of patients usually influence treatment negatively. This study aims to determine, personal, social and clinical factors associated with relapse among psychotic patients in the Neuropsychiatric Hospitals in South West Nigeria. A cross sectional designs using questionnaire was used to capture information from psychotic readmitted patients into the Neuropsychiatric hospitals. The hypotheses explanations were exhibited using inferential analysis. For personal and social factors responsible for relapse, 82.5% had adequate to moderate knowledge while 17.5% had low knowledge. Clinical factors that can lead to relapse, 74.4% had adequate to moderate knowledge. Socio-demographic factors such as employment status had no association with treatment relapse as 75% were self-employed. The study concluded that the factors were strongly linked to treatment relapse, despite knowledge of the factors associated with relapse. It was recommended that healthcare workers and other carers should acquire knowledge on factors associated with treatment relapse to prevent relapse.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Olorunfemi O. Grace, Asuquo Eme, Chinweuba Anthonia, Tubonemi O. Aseminaso, Williams Selena A.V.I.
Page No : 54-71
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Experiences of Women During the Prolonged Latent Phase of Labor in a South-South Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Abstract
Background & aim: The latent phase of labour lacks uniformity in its definition and is complex to understand. This phase is often overlooked and does not get the attention it requires despite the advances in maternity care because it is difficult to differentiate it from false labour. The onset of labour is subjective and there is need for collaborative effort to diagnose the prolonged latent phase of labour. The overall aim of this study was to explore the experiences of women during the prolonged latent phase of labour. Methods: A phenomenological qualitative design was used, in-depth interviews (IDIs) and Key informant interviews (KIIs) were conducted and in addition a self-administered questionnaire which contained the consent form and socio-demographic data was administered for both interviews. Five primiparous and multiparous women and three midwives were interviewed. The interviews were tape recorded in addition to note taking and observation of the respondents. Data was analyzed thematically. Results: 4 themes (labour onset and duration, labour experience, coping strategies, care and outcome) were identified from the study. Conclusion: The prolonged latent phase of labour is related to caesarean section and neonatal admission in Sick Baby Unit (SCBU), although the experience is not palatable, having a positive birth experience depends on the type of intrapartum care given by the caregivers during the prolonged latent phase of labour.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Omirin Taiwo Christianah, Prof. J.O. Aina.
Page No : 72-111
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Factors Influencing Quality of Life of People Living with Mental Illness Attending Out-Patient Clinics of Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospitals in Southwest Nigeria
Abstract
Quality of life (QoL) is an essential element of health and an important aspect of human life. This study investigated the factors influencing quality of life of people living with mental illness attending outpatient clinics. A Descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed. 487 clients participated in the study. WHO-QoL BREF was used to collect data, with a reliability of 0.81. The Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, T-test, and PPMC. The Health-Related Factors associated with QoL were depression, schizophrenia, drug addiction, seizure disorders affect their QoL. There is a significant gender difference in the patients QoL where female had more significant QoL than their male counterparts Conclusively, majority of the respondents had low level of QoL resulting from the mental illness, and the duration of illness was significant. The study recommended that mental health practitioners should create awareness on early diagnosis, prompt treatment and stakeholders’ support to the mentally ill.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Onabiyi Florence Funmilola, Prof. J.O. Aina.
Page No : 112-152
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Assessment of Nurses’ Knowledge of Ethical Principles and their Application to Practice in a Selected Federal Neuro-Psychiatric Hospital in Nigeria
Abstract
This is a descriptive design survey on assessment of nurses’ knowledge of ethical principles and their application to practice in the Neuro-psychiatric Hospital, Aro, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. The purpose of the study was to determine the nurses’ knowledge of ethical principles and how the principles are applied to the care of people with mental illness. The study also identified some perceived factors that do hinder the application of ethical principles to practice. The findings revealed that the nurses have high knowledge of ethical principles. On application to practice, it was revealed that the respondents do embrace ethical principles in the care of their patients except in the area of admitting and restraining of patient against their will. Poor communication among nurses, Institutional policies, poor security patient’s abscondence and aggressiveness, amongst others were identified as perceived factors that can hinder application of ethical principles to practice.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Ayeni Caroline, Dr. Popoola R. O..
Page No : 153-162
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Determinants of Tuberculosis Prevention Among PLWHIV/AIDS Attending Pepfar Clinic Adeoyo Teaching Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State
Abstract
The best way to reduce the rate of mortality and morbidity of the people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHIV/AIDS) is to prevent opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis, through the use of WHO three I’s: (i ) isoniazid preventive therapy(IPT), (ii) infection control(IC), (iii) intensify case findings (ICF). Tuberculosis is a global concern of everyone most especially among the people living with HIV/AIDS due to their immuno suppression that make them vulnerable to an opportunistic infection. Hence, the researcher investigated the determinants of TB prevention among PLWHIV/AIDS attending PEPFAR clinic Adeoyo Teaching Hospital Ibadan Oyo-State., Nigeria. A survey research design was adopted for this study while total enumeration was used to select the participants of the study. Descriptive survey research design was used. A Self –designed questionnaire was used for data collection, which was pilot tested through test-re-test and yielded a reliability coefficient (index) of 0.756. Four research questions and three hypotheses were formulated and tested. Analysis of data was done using descriptive statistics and Chi-square analysis fixed at the .05 significant levels. A total of 110 respondents participated in the study. Their age ranged from 20-63 years with a mean age of 41.5 years. The study further revealed no significant difference in the knowledge of the TB prevention and the gender of the PLWHIV/AIDS (χ2 = 15.797, P < 0.05). but there is a significant difference in the use of isoniazid preventive therapy among PLWHIV/AIDS (χ2 = 9.298, P< 0.05). The study concluded that the use of Isoniazid preventive therapy, effective infection control, early commencement of antiretroviral drug is some of the best strategies for preventing TB among PLWHIV/AIDS. Based on the outcome of this study, it was recommended that there is need to focus more on intensifying case finding, household contacts tracing and mass media campaigns to create awareness on TB prevention among the people living with HIV/AIDS.
