| 1 |
Author(s):
Rahman K.B., Adetona T.O., Olasunkanmi I.O., Olasupo D.O., Adeniji M.O., Peleowo H.I., Ashimi R.A., Sodimu J.O..
Page No : 1-14
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Lived Experiences of Mothers With/Without Post Dural Puncture Headache and its Effects on Early Initiation of Breastfeeding at Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta, Nigeria
Abstract
There is little or nothing in life that compares to the joy of birth. Childbirth is one of the most exciting, joyful, and empowering experiences a woman will ever have to go through in her life. It should be a period of expectation and fulfilment for women to discharge their motherly role of initiating, breastfeeding and caring for their babies. Maternal comfort should be considered a priority post operatively (post caesarean section). A qualitative study design was carried out where lived experiences of mothers with Post Dural Puncture Headache and its effects on early initiation of breastfeeding were explored. The target population for this study was 24 parturient women that delivered through C-Section under spinal anesthesia with Post Dural Punctured Headache in postnatal ward of this health care setting in Abeokuta. The findings from this study contributed to the existing knowledge related to live experiences of mothers with Post Dural Puncture Headache and its effects on early initiation of breast feeding at Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta and increased the standard of practice among the nurses. It will assist stakeholders in designing intervention preferences among nurses and other healthcare workers in the post-natal care unit, thus contributing to the reduction in mortality and morbidity associated with delaying in the initiation of breastfeeding.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Obionwu Ogochukwu T., Sibeudu Florence T..
Page No : 15-27
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The Risk Factors for Workplace Violence Against Nurses and the Prevention Strategies in Public Health Facilities in Anambra State
Abstract
Aim: This study determined the risk factors of workplace violence against nurses and the prevention strategies in public health facilities in Anambra State. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive design was adopted in conducting the study among nurses working at public secondary and tertiary levels of care facilities in Anambra State. The multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select 5 facilities and a sample size of two hundred and ninety-two nurses. The research instrument was adapted from the WHO standardized questionnaire on workplace violence and the Statistical Software Package version 16.0 was employed for the data analysis. Results: The results revealed that the highest risk factor for the nurses’ experience of workplace violence was staff shortage followed by prolonged waiting time and reporting workplace violence is the highest preventive strategy for workplace violence. Conclusion: The menace of workplace violence against nurses will be curtailed by mitigating the risk factors and implementing preventive strategies.
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Author(s):
Femi Duyilemi.
Page No : 28-35
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Effects of Intergenerational Trauma on African-Americans and Interventions
Abstract
Trauma is the response to a deeply distressing or disturbing event that overwhelms an individual’s coping ability with such a situation. Trauma causes helplessness and diminishes an individual’s sense of self and the ability to feel the full range of emotions and experiences. Intergenerational trauma is about the effects of trauma suffered or undergone by one generation which impacts future generations' lives and mental health. The problem has been pervasive among African-Americans, with law enforcement worsening the situation through racial bias and profiling that increases police brutality. This article describes the effects of intergenerational trauma as related to African-Americans and suggests trauma-informed interventions in U.S. law enforcement. The primary effects of intergenerational trauma among African-Americans include healthcare disparities, family problems, violence and abuse, and feelings of inferiority. The interventions to consider include offering continuous training lessons to law enforcement officers on police psychology, ensuring strict adherence to ethical conduct and enhancing healthcare and education sectors. Officers dismissed from the force for misconduct should not be rehired to increase public trust and to discourage the repetition of misconduct(s).
| 4 |
Author(s):
Abigael Caiswa Lamadrid, Belinitha Pujeda Edica.
Page No : 36-61
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Incidence of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension and Its Outcome to Mother and Newborn in Zliten, Libya
Abstract
This study determined the incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension and outcomes on mothers and newborn in Zliten, Libya during the Calendar Year 2022. It also looked into the significant relationship between the incidence of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH), the socio-demographic and obstetrical-related profile of the respondents, and significant relationship between the incidence of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension and outcomes to mothers and newborn. The descriptive-correlational research design was employed in this study. Sixty nine mothers of Zliten, Libya were the respondents of this study. Purposive sampling was employed in selecting the respondents. A questionnaire-checklist formulated by the researcher and content validated by a pool of experts was utilized to gather the data needed in the study. Frequency and percentage and simple linear correlation analysis were used to treat and interpret the data gathered for the study. Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn: (1) A great number of the respondents belong to the age bracket of 30-34 years old, college graduates and college graduates with master's units, have family monthly income of P 2,000 -24,00, had been pregnant twice, have I living child, had prenatal check-up once a month for the 1st and 2nd trimester then twice for the 3rd trimester until birth Most of them are married, attended regional training programs/ seminars and delivered at public hospitals. Great majority had their first pregnancy at the age of 20 - 24 years old, delivered through Normal Spontaneous Delivery (NSD), attended by physician, while, majority have no family history of hypertension; (2) Out of the 69 respondents, most of them experienced PIH. A great percentage had mild pre-eclampsia followed by severe pre-eclampsia and moderate pre-eclampsia; (3) there is a significant relationship between the incidence of PIH and age, training programs/ seminars attended and type of delivery. Moreover, an inverse significant relationship was found out between the incidence of PIH and place of delivery. On the other hand, majority of the newborns experienced small for gestational age (SGA) as complications of PIH. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that: (1) Health workers/ providers should inform women during the prenatal and postnatal visits the sign and symptoms of PIH and stress the importance of contacting the health care provider if these are felt/ evident, (2) The recognition of the importance of pregnant woman's education and the use of strategies that facilitate the successful transfer of this information to women of varying degrees of health literacy must be emphasized. Recommended strategies to facilitate this process includes plain non-medical language, taking time to explain and speak slowly, reinforcing key issues based information and requesting feedback to indicate understanding and where applicable, her partner or significant others as well, and 3) Further study should be conducted such as knowledge of mothers on Pregnancy Induced Hypertension.
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Author(s):
Rachel Omolara Aina , Christiana Adetoun Owopetu.
Page No : 62-75
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A Qualitative Exploration of Psychosocial Support Strategies for Reducing Psychological Distress among Clients Attending an Assisted Reproductive Center in South-West Nigeria
Abstract
Clients undergoing infertility treatment usually face a multitude of psychosocial challenges as well as the stigma associated with childlessness. In order to alleviate these issues, psychosocial support strategies are put in place. The strategies target emotional, social, mental, and spiritual needs, with studies confirming the importance of psychosocial support in assisted reproductive technology management. This study explored psychosocial support strategies for reducing psychological distress among clients attending an assisted reproductive centre South West Nigeria. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 10 participants who met the inclusion criteria. In-depth interview was conducted to gather qualitative data which was analysed using themes and subthemes. The themes identified are: family support, spiritual support, avoidance strategies and professionalism of healthcare workers. It was therefore concluded that psychosocial support strategies are necessary to reduce the psychological distress that usually accompanies infertility and assisted reproductive technology. It may also improve the outcome of the treatment.
KEYWORDS: Psychosocial support, Strategies, Psychological distress, Infertility, Assisted reproductive technology, Fertility centres.
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Author(s):
Isinyemeze Edith, Agbapuonwu Noreen Ebelechukwu.
Page No : 76-93
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Patterns of Substance Abuse Among Health Care Professionals in Selected Hospitals in Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria
Abstract
This study sought to assess the patterns of substance abuse among healthcare professionals in selected hospitals in Asaba, Delta State. The work was guided by six research objectives and three hypotheses. Relevant literature was reviewed under the study’s objectives and research questions. Data was acquired using a research questionnaire distributed to 400 healthcare professionals selected from three different hospitals in Asaba. 360 of the respondents properly filled out and returned their questionnaires, which were used for data analysis. Data analysis employed descriptive and inferential statistics. The results, presented in tables, displayed frequencies and percentage distributions. The findings indicated that the majority of respondents (78.1%) believed that alcohol was the most commonly abused substance among healthcare professionals, followed by tobacco (67.5%). The study also found that the reasons healthcare professionals engage in substance abuse include: easy access (62.5%), excessive workloads (56.9%), and stress (51.7%). The results also revealed that age and marital status influenced substance abuse among healthcare professionals, as indicated by 48.1% of respondents. Male healthcare professionals were more likely to abuse substances than their female counterparts, as submitted by 62.5% of respondents. The study also revealed that substance abuse among healthcare professionals significantly impacted their judgment in the hospital, as strongly agreed upon by 51.7% of participants. The hypotheses tested in the study confirmed significant associations between age and substance abuse, gender and substance abuse, as well as marital status and substance abuse among healthcare professionals in hospitals in Asaba, Delta State. Based on the study’s findings, it is recommended that the government organise community awareness programs aimed at educating healthcare professionals and society as a whole about the detrimental effects of substance abuse.
| 7 |
Author(s):
Assumpta C. Osunkwo, Noreen E. Agbapuonwu, Chika C. H. Odira.
Page No : 94-107
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Academic Self-Efficacy and Substance Use Among Undergraduate Students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State.
Abstract
Students’ academic self-efficacy significantly affects their academic achievement and health. Students with low sense of academic self-efficacy choose to avoid challenges and academic stress, thereby resorting to substance use as the best way to relieve academic stress. This is a cross-sectional study conducted between July 2023 and October 2023 to determine the prevalence of substance use and influence of academic self-efficacy and certain socio-demographic variables on substance use among undergraduate students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. Consecutive sampling technique was used to select 373 respondents from the four campuses and pre-tested questionnaire on substance use (QSU) and General self-efficacy scale (GSE) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and then summarized in tables of frequency and percentages. Mann-Whitney U test was used to determine differences in academic self -efficacy between substance and non-substance users. Chi-square was used to test the influence of age, gender, academic level of study, location of campus on substance use and binary logistic regression was used to determine the predictor effect of gender and age on substance use. Results showed high prevalence of substance use (46.5%). Alcohol was the most commonly used substance (42.2%). Substance users have low mean score (29.08) of academic self -efficacy compared to non-substance users (32.40) and this is significant (p = 0.014). Age, gender, current level of study and location of campus showed significant influence to substance use (P<0.001). Supportive academic environments which can promote students’ self-efficacy should be created by lecturers and university management.
| 8 |
Author(s):
Lucy W. Kivuti-Bitok, Joseph Odhiambo, Solomon Omare, Caroline Mugo, Maggie Zgambo, Irene Ngune.
Page No : 108-124
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Knowledge of Oxygen Therapy among Nurses in A Tertiary Hospital in Kenya: Implications for Patient Care and Training Needs
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of oxygen therapy among nurses working in pediatric and medical units at a referral hospital in limited resource setting. Design: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Methods: A total of 213 nurses participated after completing an acute oxygen therapy questionnaire that assessed their knowledge of oxygen therapy. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and explored the association between variables with chi-square or t-test at P < 0.05. Results: The mean age of participating nurses was 37 years, and over 50% were female. On average, participants had not undergone any refresher course on oxygen therapy in the preceding three years. Oxygen therapy knowledge was found to be higher in male nurses (p = 0.008), those who were aware of the WHO guidelines for oxygen therapy (p = 0.006), and those in senior positions (0.028). Paediatric nurses scored higher in the ‘Recognizing Hypoxemia’ domain than nurses in the medical department (p = 0.003). The domain with the lowest number of correct items identified by participants was ‘Clinical Practices’ (3.23 ± 1.04). Being older (r2 = -0.135) and having worked in the facility for longer (r2 = -0.156) correlated with low knowledge of correct oxygen therapy documentation. Conclusion This study identified gaps in knowledge of oxygen therapy among nurses at a referral hospital in Kenya and emphasized the importance of re-training nurses involved in oxygen therapy administration.
| 9 |
Author(s):
Nwafor Ifeyinwa Eunice , Makata Ngozi Eucharia.
Page No : 125-134
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Determinants of Job Stress Among Nurse Educators in Departments of Nursing Science of Universities in South East Nigeria
Abstract
Stress is part of our normal functioning and integral to life. However, when the elastic limit is reached, its presence instigates a negative effect that could be detrimental to the individual’s health, ability, and productivity. This cross-sectional survey is aimed at finding out the determinants of job stress among nurse educators working in the Departments of Nursing Science of Universities in South East Nigeria. A sample size of 176 nurse educators was purposefully recruited for the study. An adapted, modified and validated instrument was administered to the participants to elicit information based on the research objectives. The reliability of the instrument was established using the split-half method of Spearman’s correlation at a 0.01 level of significance which showed a strong relationship (r = 0.82). Data were collated and analysed using a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software, version 26. the results were presented in tables using percentage mean, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and chi-square were used to establish the relationship between the variables. The study findings showed that nurse educators experience job stress as a result of manpower shortage (82.95%), poor physical working environment (86.36%), and inadequate instructional materials (91.47%). There was a significant relationship between job stress and the job stress factors tested (shortage of manpower, physical working environment and inadequate instructional materials) with a p-value of < 0.001. It was concluded that shortage of manpower, physical working environment, and inadequate instructional materials were major causes of job stress among Nurse educators in South East, Nigeria. Manpower recruitment should be organised, the overall quality of the physical working environment should be improved, and adequate instructional materials be provided for the nurse educators.
| 10 |
Author(s):
Adewunmi Mosunmola Christiana, Farotimi A. A. (Ph.D.).
Page No : 135-151
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Factors Affecting Acceptance of Caesarean Section among Childbearing Age Women in Ebute-Metta, Lagos Mainland Local Government in Lagos State, Nigeria
Abstract
The research study was centered on investigating the factors affecting the acceptance of CS among childbearing age women in Ebute-Metta, Mainland Local Government of Lagos State, Nigeria. The descriptive survey design and simple random sampling and purposive sampling technique was used to elicit information from 138 women attending Antenatal Clinic in Federal Medical Centre, Ebute Metta; State Health Centre, Ebute Metta; Primary Health Care Centre; St. Annes Infirmary for Women, Dawodu Lane, Ebute-Metta; Redeemed Christian Church of God Maternity Centre, Ebute Metta, out of which 129 was returned and dully filled. Data was analyzed using frequency tables, percentage, mean and Standard Deviation. Chi-Square statistical tool was used to test hypotheses. Result revealed that 94.6% of the respondents have high knowledge of CS as a method of delivery. 30.3% of the respondents agreed that CS is preferable to vaginal delivery as the pain in vaginal delivery is usually unpleasant, 55% agree that CS cost more than vaginal delivery. 49.7% of the respondents have experienced CS. Statistically, Knowledge of CS will significantly affect acceptance of CS among women of Childbearing age at X2= 65.163; df=22; p-value 0.000<0.05. Cultural belief will significantly affect acceptance of CS among women of Childbearing age at (X2= 88.271; df= 43; P-value 0.000<0.05. It was therefore concluded that Mothers should therefore be educated on the process involved in Caesarean Section delivery and the advantage, causes, importance of this method of delivery in saving the life of mother and baby. It was recommended that a well-organized and structured education / counselling session be organised during antenatal visit in order to help increase useful information about Caesarean section.
