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Author(s):
Editor in Chief.
Page No :
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African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, Volume 6 Issue 1, Complete Issue
Abstract
African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, Volume 6 Issue 1, Complete Issue
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Author(s):
Ismaïla Sene.
Page No : 1-12
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The Impact of Covid 19 Prevention Measures on Workers in the Informal Economy in Senegal
Abstract
The informal sector, or informal economy, is a real employment niche and a godsend for young people facing the harsh reality of unemployment and underemployment. However, in senegal, with the covid-19 crisis, this sector, known for its vulnerability, has been further weakened by certain government measures to combat the covid-19 pandemic (introduction of a curfew, closure of schools, markets and other places of business, ban on inter-city transport, etc.). This article, therefore, proposes to analyse the impact of these measures on informal sector enterprises and workers in senegal, particularly in dakar. The results we have obtained, thanks to an exclusively qualitative methodology, show that the application of such measures during the covid revealed an accentuated precariousness of informal work. In addition to having favoured the decline in turnover of informal enterprises, which are also confronted with the problem of indebtedness, they have contributed significantly to the unemployment of employees and other self-employed workers in this sector.
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Author(s):
Muhammad Abdullahi , Usman Ibrahim Babagana.
Page No : 13-22
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E-Administration Usage for Service Delivery in Universities: Highlights of Selected Survey Findings
Abstract
e-Administration, or electronic administration, is an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tool that is aimed at improving performance and productivity at workplace through the conversion of a traditional office, paper-based processes into electronic processes, with the goal of establishing a paper-less one. As a new and evolving mechanism, the e-Administration aids a seamless service oriented and real time information exchange between citizens and government, students and school authorities, etc. The study therefore focused on the utilisation of ICT in delivering services in universities. The review focused primarily on secondary data from journals, textbooks, and internet sources. Findings from the study indicate that most university students benefit more from the use of ICT in carrying out their academic activities and other personal endeavors. The study also adopted the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) which stresses that when teachers and learners are given a modern and new technology like the ICT instruments, two (2) factors persuade their decisions on when and how they would use “Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use”. Findings from the study also indicates that e-Administration as it is used in universities has certain drawbacks ranging from poor connectivity, unstable power supply, lack of skill/training amongst others. The study found that access to internet is directly related/proportionate to students’ performance as students with access to quality internet performed better compared to others who had limited access. There were further evidences of the existence of ICT instruments since the early 2000s in many universities but mostly revolve around telephones and basic computer software as Microsoft word, as well as other internet connectivity based communication system like e-mail. It is therefore necessary for governments and university administrations to come up with a policy that addresses the issues/challenges hampering the full utilization of ICT in universities.
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Author(s):
Uche Nnyagu (Ph.D), Onyeachulam Sylvanus (Ph.D), Mr. Frank Ikemefuna Ikeji.
Page No : 23-33
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Dissecting the Bitter Truth about Our Politics and Leadership: a Study of Emeka Nwabueze’s A Parliament of Vultures
Abstract
In our contemporary Nigerian society, the mantle of leadership rests wholly on the hands of selfish mediocrities. The elites with positive intentions to redeem the nation are frustrated out of the politics. The shameless mediocrities in the politics are daring and ready to maim in order to achieve their selfish aims hence the masses and unfortunate elites watch without action. Emeka Nwabueze, like other concerned Nigerians believe that the trend needs to be changed. They believe that the only sure means to fight the malady is through satire and not with guns and matchets. In his A Parliament of Vultures, he has vividly X-rayed the activities of the politicians and has presented same in such a way that people’s consciousness would be awakened for corrections to be made. The researcher observed that Emeka Nwabueze got the inspiration for the play from the society and therefore, in this research, the researcher aims to parse the facts about Nigerian polity as satirized in the play. In doing so, he considers Realistic Approach as the apt theoretical framework for the work.
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Author(s):
George Umeji, Anthony O. Agu (Ph.D), Eberechukwu E. Eleanya, Ezeh Matthew Chinedum (Ph.D), Okenyeka Onyema Nwabugwu (Ph.D), Mbadiwe Tochukwu Obumnene.
Page No : 34-48
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Renewable Energy Consumption and Economic Growth in Nigeria
Abstract
The impact of renewable energy consumption on economic growth in Nigeria is aimed at establishing the relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth in Nigeria. The oil price volatility in the international oil market in the last decade has led to a substantial rise in the demand for renewable energy sources. Nevertheless, the provision of energy needed for growth and at the same time mitigating against its hazardous effects on the environment is a major world problem. The paper used secondary data from the World Bank data bank from 1990 to 2020 for its analysis. It used Toda-Yamamoto augmented granger causality test to test for the nature of the relationship between the two variables and Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test to examine the impact of renewable energy consumption on economic growth. The study found a bi-directional relationship between the variables. The regression results also showed a significant positive impact of renewable energy consumption on economic growth. The work concluded that renewable energy consumption enhances economic growth in Nigeria. It therefore recommends that the government should encourage investments in the renewable energy sector by providing a conducive business environment and also create awareness on the importance of the use of renewable energy in the country.
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Author(s):
Mohammed B. Yusuf, Adelalu T. Gabriel, Ezekiel B. Bwadi, Oliver A. Maima, Micah M. Ralp, Ayesukwe R. Ishaku.
Page No : 49-78
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Socio-Economic Effect of Flooding in Karim-Lamido Local Government Area of Taraba State Using GIS Technique
Abstract
Over the years, flooding has affected numerous aspects of the lives of the people in Karim-Lamido Local Government Area. The study aimed at assessing the effects of flood on socio-economic activities in Karim-Lamido Local Government Area of Taraba State using GIS techniques. The study employed questionnaires, oral interviews, personal observations and descriptive statistics to analyse data using pie charts and graphs to present data. ArcGIS 10.1 was used to analyse the flood vulnerability using LandSat images. The flood vulnerability analysis of Karim-Lamido indicates that about 80% of the area is flood vulnerable and the major stream order in Karim-Lamido is between 3-5. Results also revealed that rainfall received annually in the area and the proneness of the area to flood. In addition, loss of agricultural products, properties and lives were revealed as some of the negative effects of flooding in the study area. The result also revealed that the major effects of flood are the washing away of the community’s farms lands and their businesses equipment. Furthermore, the researchers recommend that the resettlement scheme programs should be embarked on by the government to resettle most of the communities in the study area. Additionally, for good area planning, individuals, corporate entities, and the government should provide adequate funding for disaster management organisations. Furthermore, a local flood warning system needs to be created. This will go a long way towards educating and preparing the people of Karim-Lamido for major flooding.
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Author(s):
Ofem Usani Joseph (Ph.D), Ovat Sylvia V. (Ph.D), Nworgwugwu Chiderim E. (Ph.D), Ibuot Cletus Ntah Hyacinth (Ph.D), Ekereke Benjamin, Abobi Abgnes.
Page No : 79-86
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Adherence to Ethical Principles in Research among Academic Staff in Universities in Cross River State, Nigeria
Abstract
The study was aimed at assessing academic staff adherence to fundamental ethical principles in research in universities in cross River State, Nigeria. Three research questions were raised and hypothesis. Relevant literature were reviewed according to the variables of the study. The study adopted an expost facto research design with a stratified and purposive sampling technique to select a total of 500 academic staff from the two major universities in the state (Universty of Calabar and Cross River University of Technology, CRUTECH ). A questionnaire developed by the researcher and was well validated and pilot tested using Cronbach alpha reliability estimate whose coefficients for the four sub scales ranged from.78-81 was used for data collection. Data were collected by the researchers and shall be analysed using simple percentage and the result showed that academic staff adherence to ethical principles of informed consent, confidentiality and beneficence has been very poor. It was recommended that staff should be trained on how to apply ethical considerations in their research practices. That papers that are published must show how ethical considerations are followed before accepted for publications. That this aspect of research must be properly emphasized in the research lessons.
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Author(s):
Joshua O. Ogunsemi, Stephen Ishola Babatunde.
Page No : 87-99
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Psychosocial Predictors of Smartphone Addiction Among Nigerian Undergraduates
Abstract
Smartphone addiction may be seen as a way of coping with underlying psychological distress but the long-term effect of excessive smartphone use is a matter of under-researched public health concern, especially among an at-risk population - university students in Nigeria. This study explored the predictive influence of psychosocial factors - shyness, loneliness, social maladjustment, gender and school-related variables on smartphone addiction among students in selected Nigerian Universities. In this cross-sectional survey, data were collected from 498 undergraduates {255 (51.2%) males and 243 (48.8%) females} with a mean age of participants at 18.30 (SD = 2.03), using psychometrically-robust measures of shyness, loneliness, social maladjustment and smartphone addiction. It was hypothesised that high scores on shyness, loneliness and social maladjustment will be associated with higher levels of smartphone addiction and that school-related variables would significantly influence smartphone addiction among university students. Results indicated a 17.1% prevalence of smartphone addiction among the participants. Results also indicated that loneliness (β = 0.20; t = 4.57; p <.05) and social maladjustment (β = 0.26; t = 5.94; p .05). Jointly, the three variables had a significant prediction of smartphone addiction {F (3,491) = 22.93, adj.R2 = .12, p <.01}. It is recommended that psychologists and school counsellors should be more involved in the emotional well-being of university students. Parents and other stakeholders should help students/children by observing those showing signs of loneliness, shyness and social maladjustment, and engaging them in robust, non-evaluative social interactions with a view to minimising resorting to excessive use of smartphones.
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Author(s):
Adegbite Ismaila Olawale, Omisore Adedotun Olurin, Sanusi Aderibigbe Maroof.
Page No : 100-109
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Influence of Socio-Cultural Environmental Factors on Business Performance
Abstract
There are things, events, or situations that occur that affect the way a business operates, either in a positive or negative way. These things, situations or events that occur affect the organizational performance in either positive or negative ways are called driving forces or environmental factors. This study thereby aims at studying the impact of socio-cultural environmental factors on business performance using International Breweries Plc., Ilesha, Osun State, Nigeria as a case study. Sample of 40 respondents derived from the company were put for study from various sectors of the company using stratified random sampling. The analysis was done with the aid of a descriptive statistical tool and categorical regression analysis for inference with the aid of IBM Statistical Package for Social Statistics (SPSS) version 23. It was found that socio-cultural environmental factors have a positive impact on business performance. It is therefore recommended that effort should be made to improve on advertisement based on the studied environmental factors identified.
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Author(s):
Dr. Ukiyedeikimie Ugo Moses.
Page No : 110-122
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The Post Cold War External Environment and Nigeria Foreign Policy
Abstract
This paper examines some important post Cold War changes in the external environment that have contributed to changes in Nigeria’s foreign policy. The external environment of foreign policy is the totality of extraneous factors that influence and shape a country’s foreign policy. The international system was remarkably altered by the historic end of the Cold war. The post Cold War facilitated changes in the international system that have made international relations more complex and challenging. Globalisation, international pressures for democratisation and respect for human rights; changes in the international system and Nigeria’s commitments to bilateral and multilateral agreements were identified as some of the external sources of influence on the country’s foreign policy. These developments have challenged and tremendously altered the dynamics of Nigeria’s foreign policy. Neo-liberal theory was employed as the framework of analysis. Data were sourced from secondary sources: books, journals, newspapers, magazines and the Internet.
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Author(s):
Appah Ebimobowei (Ph.D).
Page No : 123-149
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Tax Education, Fairness and Penalty on Compliance Behavior of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between tax education, tax fairness and tax penalty on voluntary tax compliance in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. A cross sectional survey was conducted on a sample of owners of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Bayelsa State. Primary data were collected using a questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale. The sample was 313 owners of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) taxpayers that were purposely selected. The data collected were presented with the use of descriptive statistics, while bivariate and univariate analysis was used in the estimation of the regression model developed for the study. The results from the analysis revealed a positive and significant relationship between print form tax education and voluntary tax compliance; positive and significant relationship between electronic form tax education and voluntary tax compliance; positive and significant relationship between stakeholder sensitization programme and voluntary tax compliance; positive and significant relationship between tax fairness and penalty on voluntary tax compliance in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The study concluded that tax education, tax fairness and tax penalty influence the level of tax compliance of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The study, therefore, recommended amongst others that the government through the relevant tax authorities should evaluate and re-integrate tax education programs feedback on tax behaviors to progressively increase revenue generation.
