| 1 |
Author(s):
Lornah Irene Ayako, Henry Kathuri, Henry Wasosa, Stephen Asatsa (Ph.D).
Page No : 1-13
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Role of Traditional Circumcision in Formation of Masculine Gender Identity in Selected Communities in Africa
Abstract
Traditional circumcision is considered an important rite of passage that marks the transition from boyhood to manhood. It is often seen as a way to initiate young males into adult society and convey societal expectations of masculinity. Based on the Ubuntu philosophy, the study employed a qualitative exploratory design and semi-structured interviews that were analyzed using thematic decomposition analysis. The study purposively sampled 30 respondents from Bukusu (Kenya), Aembu (Kenya) and Lemba (Zimbabwe). Data was collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed thematically. Findings revealed that traditional circumcision of men served as a mechanism for imparting societal values, beliefs, and responsibilities to young boys, reinforcing cultural norms and expectations of masculinity. Through this process, boys were educated about their roles and responsibilities within their specific community, which may include aspects such as being a provider for their families, protecting their communities, and upholding cultural traditions. This study recommends engagement in respectful dialogue and collaboration between western perspectives and African communities for a better understanding of the cultural significance of circumcision while addressing health and safety concerns.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Vincent Ninmaal Asigri, Ambrose Kombat, Alexander Feikaab Yennu, Michael Banawono Apara, Veronica Wewora Adayira.
Page No : 14-20
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Impact of Polygamous Marriage Arrangement on Children Education in the Tempane District
Abstract
One critical area that has received limited empirical attention in research is the impact of polygamous family structures on the education of children who grew up in such households. This study was therefore conducted to establish the effect of this cultural and social institution called polygamous marriage on the children education. This qualitative study used a case study design to collect data from 20 individuals from polygamous families. Data was gathered using an interview guide and analysed thematically. From the data analyses, it was found that polygamous marriage has both positive and negative effects on the education of children from those families though the negative consequences seem to have overweighed the positive. It was therefore concluded that polygamous marriage has the potential of influencing children education positively or negatively depending on the character or attitude of the spouses involved.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Sunday Timothy Omojuyigbe, Michael Kwanashie (Ph.D), Anthony Ihuoma (Ph.D), Oluwatosin Solomon Olushola (Ph.D).
Page No : 21-39
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An Institution Economics Approach to Foreign Direct Investment Analysis in Nigeria
Abstract
This research is an institution economics approach to foreign direct investment analysis in Nigeria spanning 1995 to 2021, using autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. It employed FDI as the dependent variable, while business freedom (BF) and trade freedom (TF) are the independent variables. FDI data were sourced from World Development Indicator (WDI), while BF and TF data were sourced from Index of Economic Freedom. Descriptive statistics were used to reveal behavioral tendencies of the data; both Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) unit root tests established mixed series of I(0) and I(1). F-bound test and Nayaran table showed long-horizon nexus between the series. The study found that in the long-horizon, the coefficients of both BF and TF have positive nexus with FDI, but are not statistically significant at 5% level of significance. Consequently, it was recommended that policy makers should improve on the openness and transparency with which businesses and trade are carried on within the economy, and interaction with other business people and government at the global level. In addition, deliberate efforts should be made to remove institutional rigidities and bureaucratic impediments to trade and investment.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Tadios Chisango, Tafadzwa Matewe, Wayne Muyananisi Moyo, Anesu Aggrey Matanga, Latih Linjesa.
Page No : 40-55
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Psycho-Social Problems Experienced by Children Living Within an Orphanage in Harare and the Forms of Psycho-Social Support Available
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to investigate psycho-social problems faced by children living at an orphanage in Harare and the forms of psycho-social support given to them. The researcher used a mixed research methodology as her research instruments contained both questionnaires and interviews. A qualitative research methodology was used in carrying out the study as this enabled the researchers to explore on the topic hence giving vivid information as well as an in-depth understanding of the issues at hand. The researcher used a phenomenological research design. The target population comprised twenty-seven people, who included twenty-two children and five caregivers. Systematic sampling was the sampling technique used. Ethics in research were also considered, which included confidentiality, privacy, anonymity and informed consent. Data was presented using tables, smart art and also descriptions. Major findings were that all the children at the orphanage faced psychosocial problems and they used a variety of ways to cope with the situation. The orphanage however tries to offer psycho-social support (PSS) though they pleaded for the government to help them implement and improve their PSS services. The overall recommendation was that the Zimbabwean government should ensure that children living in orphanages’ psycho-social problems must be addressed and dealt with.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Woyengikuro Ambrose Daniel, Chinedu Nelson Omere.
Page No : 56-70
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Correlates of Employee Performance Among Commercial Banks in Yenagoa Metropolis, Bayelsa State
Abstract
The study examined correlates of employees’ performance among commercial banks in Yenagoa metropolis, Bayelsa state. The study was anchored on agency theory. The correlational design was adopted. The probability sampling technique was used in selecting bank employees across eleven (11) commercial banks. Also, structured questionnaires, in-depth interview (IDI) and key informant interview (KII) were used in gathering primary data. In the same vein, content and face validity type were adopted while Cronbach Alpha (0.81) was used to determine the reliability of questionnaire, 83.6% (337) copies of questionnaire were retrieved and analyzed with simple percentage, Chi-square (x^2) while the study adopted thematic analysis for qualitative data. The study established that bank employees in the Yenagoa metropolis were committed, met daily targets, with high sales growth and low turnover rate. The study recommends that commercial banks in the Yenagoa metropolis should evaluate the minimum salary requirements for bank staff. The study also suggests that in order to maintain improvements in job commitment, sales growth, service quality, targets, and low turnover intentions, commercial bank employees should be motivated by economic and non-economic incentives to carry out their mission. In order to better understand how to enhance service quality in Yenagoa metropolis, Bayelsa state, the study also suggested that commercial banks should conduct self-assessment surveys among bank employees.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Beyoh Dieudone Nkepah (PhD).
Page No : 71-81
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Peer Groups, Success and Punishment as Correlates and Contributors to Pupils’ Academic Performance in Mathematics in Bamenda II Subdivision-Cameroon
Abstract
The study set out to determine the relative contributions of peer groups, pupils’ success and punishment as motivating factors in mathematics classrooms on pupils’ academic performance in mathematics in Bamenda II Subdivision, Cameroon. Three specific objectives, three research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted the descriptive survey and correlational research designs. One hundred and fifty (150) primary three pupils from two functional public primary schools in Bamenda II Subdivision constituted the population of the study. Using the Krejcie and Morgan table, and employing the stratified proportionate sampling technique, 108 pupils were selected to form the sample of the study. Data was collected using a questionnaire. The questionnaire was validated by experts and its reliability of 0.82 assured using the Cronbach Alpha. The data was analyzed using Pearson product moment correlation (r), the coefficient of determination (r2) to answer the research questions and the two tailed p-value for correlation to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that peer groups, pupils’ success and punishment in mathematics classrooms all contribute significantly to their academic performance in mathematics. It was therefore recommended that punishment should be carefully utilized by the classroom teachers in a bid to keep them focused on the subject both in and out of the classroom. Furthermore, teachers should always use very easy questions either during set induction or during the introduction of new mathematical concepts—questions within the reach of all pupils. This is because perceived success in mathematics by pupils has proven to be a good motivating factor to students’ in the subject. Lastly, group counseling should be done by both the school counselors and the classroom teachers, aimed at encouraging pupils to assist each other academically, especially in mathematics.
| 7 |
Author(s):
Elton Vakira, Paul Nemashakwe, Chantelle M. Ncube.
Page No : 82-86
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Fostering Healthy Workplace Practices Through Inclusive Leadership Mediated by Perceived Organizational Support in the Mining Industry in Zimbabwe
Abstract
The mining industry is facing a plethora of challenges which are militating against its potential performance despite being regarded as a leading pillar in an extractive-oriented economy. One major issue of concern is unhealthy workplace practices resulting in avoidable accidents taking place. This paper argues that inclusive leadership fosters healthy workplace practices in Zimbabwe’s mining industry. The study was predicated on the belief that inclusive leadership plays an important role in reducing accidents and fostering healthy workplace practices which will enable the mining industry to achieve enormous advantages. Guided by the positivism philosophy and the deductive approach, the study adopted a quantitative research design where a cross-sectional survey was used to collect primary data from 257 participants in the mining industry. The study found that inclusive leadership had a strong positive relationship with healthy workplace practices. The study concluded that inclusive leadership has a strong and direct effect on healthy workplace practices. Leaders who use inclusive leadership impact strongly on the healthy workplace behaviour of employees. It is recommended that leaders should be open, available and accessible to their employees so that employees are free to convey their concerns and share ideas with their leaders that may assist in reducing the rate of accidents and fostering healthy workplace practices.
| 8 |
Author(s):
Rukayat Kikelomo Isiaka, Sherifat Olabisi Yusuff, Jubril Olayiwola Jawando.
Page No : 87-99
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Market Information Seeking Behaviour of Rural Farmers in Ogun State, Nigeria
Abstract
On the premise that stakeholders in rural farmers development must understand the appropriate means of passing relevant information to farmers, this study examined the main sources of market information among rural farmers in Ogun State. It uses questionnaires to obtain quantitative and qualitative information relating to sources of marketing information, means of selling produce, place for selling produce, place for buying input and whether rural farmers in Ogun State do have up-takers for their produce. The study made use of purposive sampling of Ifo block, Simawa block, Ala block and Ado-Odo block to represent farmers from Abeokuta, Ikenne, Ijebu-Ode and Ilaro zones respectively. The results on the sources of market information were that 27.3% get marketing information from other farmers, 24.7% get information through personal enquiry, 7.3% through radio, 7.5% through buyers, 0.4% from TV, 13.7% through extension agents, 17.5% from farmers meeting and 1.5% through social media. The study concludes that rural farmers in Ogun State get market information from multiple sources. The dominant sources are other farmers, personal enquiry, extension agents and farmers meeting. The study recommends that useful information to farmers by relevant stakeholders should be through multiple choices and should include the use of extension agents and farmers' meetings.
| 9 |
Author(s):
Yazid Abdulrahman Al-Ismail.
Page No : 100-111
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The Significance of Arabic Translation in the Persian Empire during the Middle Ages
Abstract
This paper examines the significance of Arabic translation in the cultural and intellectual exchange between the Persian Empire and the Arabic-speaking world during the Middle Ages. It begins with a historical overview of the Persian Empire and the rise of Arabic as the region's dominant language of administration and scholarship. It then discusses how translation disseminated knowledge and ideas and created a cultural identity and shared intellectual heritage which influenced both the Persian Empire and the Arabic-speaking world. The paper concludes by arguing that Arabic translation played a central role in the intellectual development of the Persian Empire during the Middle Ages. By facilitating the exchange of knowledge and expertise, translation shaped the Islamic world's intellectual landscape and fostered a shared secondary identity among the region's diverse peoples. This article provides a comprehensive historical context for the role of the Arabic language in the Persian Empire and the significance of Arabic translation. Furthermore, it discusses notable translators and their contributions.
| 10 |
Author(s):
Oluwatosin Ayomide Awe, Pamilerin Ogundare, Babatunde J. Omotosho.
Page No : 112-123
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Importance of Artificial Intelligence as Evidence in Cases between Underage Victims of Rape and Offenders in Nigeria
Abstract
Underage girls are gradually becoming the major victims of rape in some developing countries such as Nigeria in recent years. Many of such cases of rape were either underreported or unreported to relevant authorities. Some of these underage victims of rape have experienced trauma, stigmatization, and depression which have affected their well-being. While some of the victims of rape are battling to overcome the negative outcome of the act, other victims among them have lost their lives because there was no prompt help for them to survive it. The perpetrators of the crime who were responsible for the crime were not equally punished for their crime because of lack of verifiable evidence that associated them with the act and the victim of rape. However, to demand justice for the underage victims of rape, Artificial Intelligence (AI) serves as a vital technology that can be used to present evidence in the case of rape between the victim of rape and the offenders. The objective of this article is to examine the importance of AI in presenting an evidence-based method in cases of rape between the underage victims of rape and offenders in society. The paper adopted a descriptive theoretical approach in the study. The paper revealed that AI technology is important and can be used to establish evidence in cases of rape between underage girls and offenders through some AI application methods, such as surveillance devices, facial recognition, DNA match, video and photo analysis, and object retrieval analysis among others.
| 11 |
Author(s):
Kelechi Uzoma Agoha, Nicholas C. Akas.
Page No : 124-138
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The Representation of Rape in Kunle Afolayan’s October 1 and Moses Inwang’s Alter Ego
Abstract
Rape is one of the serious crimes committed every day in Nigeria with many negative effects on victims, perpetrators, and society. However, the enormity of the crime is not fully represented in Nollywood films leading to subpar treatment of rape as a subject matter in most Nigerian films. Using a descriptive approach, the study examined the subject of rape in Kunle Afulanyo’s October 1 and Moses Inwang’s Alter Ego. These films were selected using a purposive sampling technique that enabled the researchers to select from several Nollywood films that dwell on the issue of sexual violence. The study adopted Michael Gottfredson and Travis Hirschi’s Self Control Theory to interrogate the motivation, perception and attitude toward rape. The study revealed that rape is committed within the institutions that are responsible for the development and protection of young people, resulting in latent physical, psychological and sociological problems for the victims, perpetrators, and society. The study recommended that Nollywood film practitioners should use their works as weapons against all forms of sexual violence, and concluded that social and cultural institutions have a major role to play in the intervention and survival of victims of rape by intensifying awareness of the dangers of sexual violence in Nigeria.
| 12 |
Author(s):
Gideon Uchechukwu Nwafor (Ph.D), Frank Obidike Nnaemeka (Ph.D).
Page No : 139-153
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Uses and Gratifications of TikTok Platform among University Undergraduates
Abstract
Along with the vast development of social media, such as Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube, more new social media platforms such as Tiktok have emerged in the public domain. TikTok, an application that is available for everyone to publish their videos, which length of the video varies from 15 seconds to 1 minute, has been rapidly used to gain popularity and cure boredom especially among teenagers. The videos include daily entertainment, talent shows, and popularization of knowledge and so on. This study therefore evaluated the uses and gratifications of the Tiktok platform by students of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University. The main objective of the study was to ascertain the frequency of usage and the gratifications students derive from using the Tiktok platform. Anchored on the Uses and Gratifications theory, the study adopted Survey Research method to draw a sample size of 400 from students of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Igbariam Campus using purposive sampling technique and the questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. The study found that there is a high frequency of usage of the Tiktok platform among students of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University. Learning new things, obtaining leisure and entertainment, expressing themselves freely and also making new friends are some of the gratifications the respondents derive from using the Tiktok platform. The study recommends among others that students should rather utilize the instrumentality of Tiktok for their academic improvement rather than all entertainment.
| 13 |
Author(s):
Philip Mopnang Ibol, Babatunde Tolulope Amina.
Page No : 154-171
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Community Participation in Ecotourism Development in the Gambia: Case Study of Pirang Forest Park
Abstract
Ecotourism is a major source of revenue in The Gambia. This study investigates Community Participation in Ecotourism Development in the Gambia; A Case Study of Pirang Forest Park. Examining the level of community participation, benefits and threats to ecotourism are the objectives of the study. Group discussion, interviews and fieldworks are the data sources, and it was analyzed with frequencies and percentages. Results showed that the community has knowledge of the ecotourism project and they are involved as stakeholders on planning and managing the forest park. Birdwatching is the major reason for visits to the park and ecotourism has contributed to community development; it has increased source of livelihood and it has created more employment opportunities. The forest park is under threats of wild fruit and firewood collections, hunting, tree felling, biodiversity loss, coastal erosion, and finance. There is a need for introduction of flagship species and provision of basic amenities.
