| 1 |
Author(s):
Sofia Laiz Moreira.
Page No : 1-9
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Catapulted into Upward Educational Mobility: Gender, Age and Educational Attainment in Moroccan Girls Settled in Spain
Abstract
This paper explores how inter-generational relations and gender roles in migrant families are being re-adapted to the current crisis context in Spain. It aims to provide conclusions of a research work conducted with Moroccan families arriving in Spain. Through a multisided fieldwork, this study explores how structural determinants and family structure lead to inter-generational arrangements that aim at defining the family migration project in the financial and social crisis in Europe in 2010. The field work conducted with eighteen Moroccan youngsters and their family groups focused closely on migrant intra-family dynamics, and especially on immigrant children’s role in the group social mobility project and on family survival strategies in a crisis context. The analysis was carried out from an inter-generational and gender perspective and enabled the exploration of the ways in which migration can bring different influences to bear on different family group members. Tensions between generations and towards traditional survival strategies in the Moroccan family would seem to explain many of these negotiation processes. Findings identify two negotiation scenarios: the second generation’s place in original migration project objectives and the descendants’ role in family group survival strategies that challenge gender traditional hierarchies.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Martina A. Pojwan, Stephen S. Ojo.
Page No : 10-24
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Challenges of Work Stress and Psychological Well-Being of Workers in National Development
Abstract
Contending with stressful situations at work in the contemporary society is a common struggle side by side the psychological well-being of workers. The review shows that although work is the essence of life because it manifests what one has externally and what one is internally; some jobs are so stressful due to either the work environment, personality disposition of the worker, or boringness and lack of prestige and security in such jobs. These reasons lead to stress which can have negative or positive implication on the well-being of the worker. This article shows that a mild degree of stress can sometimes be beneficial and compels workers to work more energetically thereby promoting sterling performance. Studies shows that it is when stress is overwhelming, poorly managed, that the negatives start to show affecting the psychological well-being of the individual. Theories also posit that bad sides of stress show when the demands that are being placed on an individual exceeds available resources as appraised by the individual. While some persons have hardy personality, which is a tendency that facilitates their abilities to adapt and deal with work place stress (allostasis), others cannot because such individuals appraise situations differently and so respond to issues in quiet different ways. However, the adaptation, or allostasis, often has a price of promoting pathophysiology- allostasis load leading to psychological and physiological issues like depression, drug abuse, draining of internal resources, hardening of the arteries and upsetting the individuals complex internal chemistry and affecting the operation of the immune system Strategies were proposed to manage the overwhelming stress issues and recommendations made among others is that organizations should establish stress level assessment centers to educate and enlighten workers on the dangers of work stress and seek solutions for a healthier psychological state of workers for national development.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Kwembeya Maurice.
Page No : 25-28
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Psychological Distress Experienced By Retrenched Workers
Abstract
The retrenched workers are prone to psychological distress and may find it difficult to mentally adjust in an environment where job opportunities are shrinking. It is essential for organisations to consider mental health priority for the retrenched workers. They need to be mentally assisted to deal with the grief of employment loss. Early interventions may result in quick recovery and building of the lost hope and confidence. The knowledge of mental health concerns and symptoms may serve as guidelines for decision making essential for building resilience strategies.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Dr. Temitope Francis Abiodun.
Page No : 29-44
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Usage of Drones or Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for Effective Aerial Surveillance, Mapping System and Intelligence Gathering in Combating Insecurity in Nigeria
Abstract
One the major problems threatening the Nigerian state at present is the rising spate of insecurity which has now assumed a formidable dimension. The security problem which has posed dangerous threats to national security and statehood therefore is believed to have now necessitated yearnings for the use of drones for effective aerial surveillance, effective, intelligence gathering and monitoring security activities. The daily thirst for blood of innocent citizens and the preference for violence which has now become a huge task to handle by the Nigerian security agencies is a pointer to the need to adopt the use of drones also known as (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) for security surveillance and intelligence gathering. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) known variously as drones or remotely piloted vehicles (RPVs) are small aircraft that can fly without an onboard human operator. They are autonomous machines that can carry cameras, sensors, communication equipment or other payloads. Drones’ usage has been identified as the most effective for intelligence gathering, aerial surveillance and security monitoring in recent times. The study, however, reveals the various instances of insecurity in Nigeria which include: armed banditry, and robbery, herdsmen killings, ritual killings, kidnapping, Boko Haram attacks, Niger/Delta militancy among others. Factors aiding the upsurge of insecurity and violence are exhibited by the study to include: disconnects between the people and government; weak and poorly funded military establishments; interagency rivalry; absence of intelligence gathering on the part of the security agencies; unemployment for the teaming graduate; non-prosecution of perpetrators of violence in Nigeria among others. In this paper, the various trends in usage of drones for effective security purpose vis-à-vis their application in aerial surveillance in the country are addressed. The study therefore reveals and recommends that drones or UAVs are very effective for aerial surveillance, mapping system, intelligence gathering, and manning security - and it is to be adopted by the security agencies in Nigeria.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Thomas Chishimba Kabesha, Lillian Chipatu.
Page No : 45-55
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Implications of Household Violence on Learning for Public Safety: A Case Study Among Selected Households in Lusaka District, Zambia
Abstract
The frequent occurrence of violent behaviour displayed by some people in some home environments has had a devastating effect in Zambian communities. The purpose of this study was to ascertain how household violence would implicate learning for public safety so as to establish possible strategies that should be integrated in public safety education or community sensitisation in order to curb the vice. The study was underpinned by a qualitative approach in the context of a case study. The population included members of the public, some government officials, some members of Non-Governmental Organisations and churches. Data was collected using semi-structured interview guides and focus group discussion guide. Data was analysed thematically. The findings from the study revealed that being emotionally/ psychologically disturbed, violent habits and the upbringing of children in an environment where violence is inevitable were found to have been the reasons as to how household violence would impact on learning for public safety. The study recommended that the government should give resources and authority to the police, church leaders, traditional or community leaders and some NGOs that deal with violence cases, for campaigns of attitude change in the larger society so that household violence as a deterrent to public safety could be addressed objectively.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Akangbe Tomisin A..
Page No : 56-62
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Culture, Religion and Help-Seeking for Intimate Partner Violence Victims in Nigeria (A Narrative Review)
Abstract
The way of life of individuals varies according to their peculiar belief systems. Cultural and religious practices dictate how life issues are addressed, with the views of the elderly and spiritual leaders taken seriously. Experience of abuse and violence within the family and intimate relationships is on the increase globally and is often times seen as private affairs, thus further enabling the perpetration and victimization of intimate partner violence. This paper examines the impact of culture, religion and patriarchy on the prevalence of Intimate Partner violence and help-seeking from family, friends and religious leaders instead of the criminal justice system. It is observed that victims of IPV do not seek help or justice from the appropriate quarters i.e. law enforcement agencies citing different reasons ranging from shame of victimization to lack of trust in the law enforcement institutions, societal and religious opinions are some of the dilemma faced by survivors.
