| 1 |
Author(s):
Adegoriola Adewale E. (Ph.D), Ishaku Gani Dogara.
Page No : 1-16
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Deposit Money Banks’ Credit Allocation to Selected Sectors and the Performance of the Nigerian Economy
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of credit allocation given by Deposit Money Banks (DMB) to the agricultural and manufacturing sectors on the performance of the Nigerian economy from 1986 to 2020. In achieving this objective, the study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) to evaluate the short-run and long-run impacts as well as the Granger causality tests to examine the nature of causality. The ARDL bounds test reveals the presence of long-run co-integration among the variables. The ARDL technique discloses that DMB credit allocation to the manufacturing sector has a negative and insignificant effect on economic growth in both the first and second lags. The ARDL technique also shows that DMB credit allocation to the agricultural sector has a positive and insignificant effect on economic growth in Nigeria. The granger causality test shows that there is no causal relationship between DMB credit to the manufacturing and agricultural sectors and economic growth. The study recommends that the government through financial authorities must ensure that DMB credits are monitored and channeled appropriately to the agricultural and manufacturing sectors so as to prevent such funds from entering private pockets.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Mohammed Mustapha (Ph.D).
Page No : 17-30
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The Impacts of Farmers-Herders Conflicts in the North-Central Zone of Nigeria
Abstract
The study x-rayed farmers-herders conflict in the North-Central geo-political zone of Nigeria. Exploratory research was employed; focus group discussion (FGD) and key informant interview (KII) were used to collect primary data from the respondents. The data generated were transcribed and recorded verbatim (word-for-word account of verbal interview) and they were converted into written form. Data were enumerated and thematic analysis and categorization were provided. Secondary data were sourced from the internet and relevant books. This study adopted the social theory. The findings of the study revealed that the destruction of farmlands by cattle is one of the major causes of the farmers-herdsmen crisis in the north-central zone. It also revealed that the harassment of herders by the host community, that is, the youths, is another factor which instigates animosity thereby leading to a farmers and herdsmen crisis in the North-Central zone. It discovered that farmers-herders conflict has reduced the quality of the social relationship between both the farmers and herdsmen, and resulted in the loss of human life, houses and properties worth billions of naira in the zone of North-Central. The paper recommended that government at all levels and critical stakeholders should exercise good leadership and political will by bringing the warring parties to a dialogue table while meting punishment and rewards where necessary so as to restore peace, order and trust in the populace. The level of destruction incurred by the warring parties should be assessed, and both governmental and non-governmental organisations should work towards financial assistance for the victims of farmer-herdsmen conflicts. The findings corroborate the gaps which the researchers intended to fill.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Issa Sombié.
Page No : 31-43
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Power Resources in Health District Governance in Burkina Faso
Abstract
Introduction; The pluralistic nature of the governance of the health system with the multiplicity of actors disrupts power relations. Since the adoption of the Bamako Initiative in 1987 in Burkina Faso, we have noted the presence of community representatives in the decision-making space of health districts. They participate alongside government representatives in the decision-making process. This article aims to analyze the influence of the different actors involved in the governance of a health district in Burkina Faso. A total of 32 people were included in the study. These people were divided into three main groups: members of the district team (n=9), managers of the government's decentralized technical services (n=8) and community representatives (n=15). The data were collected through individual interviews. The content analysis method was used. NVIVO software was used for data processing. The results indicate that community representatives have little influence in the decision-making process at the health district level. Indeed, all the resources that allow actors to influence exchanges are beyond their reach. Language skills, expertise, and economic capital are the main resources that are mobilized in this space. They are easily mobilized in interactions by both health district officials and community representatives. As a result, the views of the communities are poorly taken into account in the governance of health districts in Burkina Faso. The article notes that mastery of the language of communication, economic situation, and expertise on health issues give more scope for action to health district officials than to communities.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Uğur Oral.
Page No : 44-55
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The Communıcatıon of Turkısh Femınısts wıth Socıety ın the Years of Transıtıon from the Ottoman Empıre to the Republıc of Turkey
Abstract
Women, who had an important power and respected status in state administration in pre-Islamic Turkish states, were later excluded from social life in Ottoman society. Especially after the Tanzimat Edict, the daughters of elite families began to take a prominent role in the defense of women's rights. Women's associations and feminist newspapers established in the Ottoman Empire, brought the women's movement and women's demands to the agenda of social life. After the establishment of the Republic of Turkey significant efforts were made to ensure that women could receive the same education as men and participate in the social life on an equal basis with men. With the adoption of the Turkish Civil Code in 1926, significant progress was made in terms of equality between women and men in the family and social life. In 1934, Turkish women became legally equal to men in politics, even before many European countries.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Uğur Oral.
Page No : 56-67
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Cross-Cultural Communication and the Perception of Europeanness Among University Youth in Turkey
Abstract
Turkey's candidacy for the European Union began with its application to the European Economic Community on July 31, 1959. The fact that the negotiations between Turkey and the European Union have not been concluded in the intervening years has led Turkish society to question its perspective on the EU.
What does Europe mean for Turkey? Can Turkey's EU membership be realized? If so, when? In this study, university students in Turkey were asked about their views on Europe and the European Union. The study provides clues on how Generation Z in Turkey views the European Union and whether the long-awaited EU membership of Turkish society can finally be realized. Since the young people who participated in this research will enter working life in a few years and take part in decision-making positions in the country's administration, the findings of this research will also project Turkey's perception of Europe in the future.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Emmanuel Sunny Azubuike, Bebaa Ledee Godwin , Mezewo E. Obuzor.
Page No : 68-80
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Flood and Traditional Coping Strategy in Ahoada East (2012–2020), Rivers State
Abstract
This study focused on the traditional methods of dealing with flooding used by residents in Ahoada East LGA of Rivers State, Nigeria. It aimed to address two research questions using ecological resilience theory as its theoretical framework. A sample of 173 individuals was taken from 10 randomly selected communities out of 81 villages in the LGA. Taro Yamen technique was used for sample selection. Results were analyzed using simple regression (ANOVA) and simple percentages. The findings showed that heavy rainfall was the most frequent cause of flood disasters, and recurrent flooding had a negative impact on people's livelihoods and well-being. The study concluded by recommending that traditional coping mechanisms be adopted by governments in their disaster preparation and response efforts for cultural relevancy programming.
| 7 |
Author(s):
Fijabi Lateef Kolawole, Owolabi Sunday Ajao, Ajibade Ayodeji Temitope.
Page No : 81-98
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Equity and Debts on Financial Performance of Listed Consumer Goods Sector in Nigeria
Abstract
The study examined the effect of equity and debts
on the financial performance of the listed consumer goods
sector in Nigeria for eleven years (2011 2021). Data from the
published records of 16 listed companies in the consumer goods
sector were used. The dependent variable was proxied by
Market price per share (MPS) and return on assets (ROA) while
equity and debts were proxied by equity to asset ratio, short
term debt to asset ratio, and long term debt to asset ratio as
independent variables. Data were a nalysed using descriptive
and inferential statistics (panel regression with fixed effects) at
α=0.05 level of significance. The results had a significant effect
on equity and debt on MPS (Adj. R 2 = 0.0708, p < 0.05) and
ROA (Adj. R 2 = 0.108, p < 0.05). The study concluded that
equity and debts affected the financial performance of
companies listed in the Nigerian consumer goods sector. The
study recommended that managers of listed consumer goods
companies should pay attention to funding management,
especial ly equity funds and short term debt to improve their
profitability for sustainable growth.
| 8 |
Author(s):
Adaeze Regis-Onuoha (Ph.D) , Uchenna David Uwakwe (Ph.D), Uchenna Uwakwe.
Page No : 99-110
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Integrating Reading and Writing Instruction for Writing Efficiency: Federal University of Technology Owerri Fresh Students as a Case in Point
Abstract
The advanced language requirement at the tertiary education level has continually challenged and affected the performance of many fresh students in their core courses, and have impeded their achievements generally. This has been attributed in part to the conventional instructional methods employed by language instructors at the lower rung of the educational ladder. Therefore, this study investigates the probabilities that the integration of reading and writing instruction would make any difference on the writing achievement of freshly admitted undergraduates of Federal University of Technology Owerri, Nigeria. The study adopts the pretest, post test, control group quasi experimental design in which three hundred and two students from three different faculties and departments participated. Two experimental groups and one control group were used for the study. The first experimental group was taught with the activation of the background knowledge method; while for the second experimental group, the response to the text-strategy was added to the activation of the background knowledge method. The control group was taught with the usual conventional method and the treatments lasted for six weeks. All groups of participants were given a pretest before treatment commenced for the experimental groups. A post test was also administered on all participants at the end of the six weeks treatment. Students’ writing were graded and the scores used as data which are analysed using means, standard deviation and t-test. The results show that the experimental groups which are treated with the integrated reading and writing instructional methods perform significantly better than the control group whose own instruction had gone on with the conventional method. It therefore concludes that integrating reading and writing instruction would enhance the writing competence of newly admitted undergraduates in the university.
| 9 |
Author(s):
Philip Mopnang Ibol, Sambo Darboe , Babatunde Tolulope Amina.
Page No : 111-112
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Climate Induced Migration of Wolof Farmers Into Foni Bondali District, Gambia
Abstract
Climate induced migration is prominent in the Sahelian region of Africa due to the adverse effects of climate on the soil and its environment. The effects of migration of Wolof farmers to Foni Bondali district, Gambia was the focus of this research. Interviews, focal groups discussion, administration of three hundred and eighty questionnaires, population data and climatic data were employed for this study. Data were analysed with percentages and regression analysis. In all, 56% of respondents were indigenes of Foni Bondali; while non-indigenes were made up of 44% which comprises people from Senegal, Guinea, Foni Jarcel, Up Country and Upper Saloum. Lack of farmland, poor farm yield and unemployment are the reasons for migration into Foni Bondali district. As climatic factors change, population increases. Climate induced migration has affected the people of Foni Bondali district and they would need more agricultural inputs and water resources.
| 10 |
Author(s):
Chilaka Francis Chigozie (Ph.D), Yonmo Doutimi Permanent.
Page No : 113-123
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Search for Political Development and the Problem of Separatist Agitations in Cameroon: Implications for Nigeria
Abstract
The primary objective of this paper is to examine the intensified resurgence of the Ambazonia separatist movement in Cameroon amidst the search for political development and its implications for Nigeria. The narrative describes the political upheaval of Cameroon as "the mistake of 1961" and blames the negative fallout of pro-Ambazonia activities on the unequal union of Anglophone and Francophone Cameroons, which does not guarantee the colonial legacies of the former, but its assimilation by the latter. Through Anglophone analysis on the Social Exclusion Theory and relying on qualitative data from secondary sources, the paper argues that pro-Ambazonia activities have far-reaching implications on Cameroon, which spillover to Nigeria due to the country's porous border security, with harmful effects. A dialectic table discussion comprising both parties' legal, religious, and political leaders on constitutional restructuring is recommended to achieve sustainable political development and stability.
| 11 |
Author(s):
Haa Joy Mbavefeter.
Page No : 124-141
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Youth Unemployment and National Security: A Study of Benue State 1999–2013
Abstract
This research was set out to examine the relationship between youth unemployment and national security particularly in Benue State from 1999 to 2013. Data for the purpose of the research task were obtained from secondary sources such as the use of textbooks, journal articles, newspapers, magazines, publications and statistical data from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) in Nigeria. The research identifies the major causes, effects and consequences of youth unemployment on the security and safety of Benue State, as well as the socio-economic development environment in the state. The findings reveal that security in Benue State is largely attributable to the alarming rate of unemployment. The study recommends that youth improvement programmes, investment in education, infrastructural building, creating socio-economic and political environment, and check on rural-urban migration and ammunition control are pivotal to checking youth restiveness and insecurity in the state.
| 12 |
Author(s):
Obi Evelyn Chinwe, Okoli Ogechukwu, Onuchukwu Uju Cecilia.
Page No : 142-160
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Perception and Consequences Associated with Self-Medication Practice among Nnamdi Azikiwe University Undergraduates
Abstract
Self-medication implies the use of any medicine for the treatment of ailments without a physician’s prescription. This study investigated perception and consequences associated with self medication practice among Unizik undergraduates. The study was designed as a survey. The study population comprised all undergraduate students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Anambra State. (30,917). A sample of 390 respondents was selected from this population. Questionnaires were personally administered to 390 undergraduate students of Unizik. Major findings indicate that a large number of the respondents perceive that self- medicated drugs are as effective as the one prescribed by physicians. That the respondents’ major ailment is Malaria. And that the respondents mostly treat malaria using Lokamal Antimalarial drug. On the consequences associated with self medication, the study discovered that majority of the students are aware of the consequences and have experienced dizziness as a major consequences of self- medication. The study concluded that the respondents are aware and has also to a large extent experienced dizziness as a major consequence of self- medicating. It however suggests that health education on self-medication should be introduced into the undergraduate curriculum so as to enlighten the students on the consequences associated with unregulated self-medication practice.
| 13 |
Author(s):
William Hermann Arrey (Ph.D), Alain-Patrick Loumou Mondoleba.
Page No : 161-177
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The Part of the Protestant Church in the Processes of Exiting Electoral Crises in Francophone Black Africa
Abstract
The analysis presented in this paper starts from an observation that generally shows pluralist electoral competitions in Francophone (French-speaking) black Africa not as frameworks for the expression of political adversity, but rather as real moments of enmity, disorder and multifaceted conflicts. Indeed, the democratic processes initiated by most African States at the beginning of the 1990s did not allow the desired liberalization of the political field. They were confronted with the ruse of political leaders wishing to stay in power for a long time by developing strategies for circumventing real political pluralism, neutralizing and assimilating the opposition. The “passive democracy” that has finally been achieved is characterized by the continuation of monopolistic practices and habits in a context that is supposed to be politically liberal and plural. The resolution of the crisis which strewn the electoral processes in black Africa generally requires a strong implication of various actors and on various scales, in particular the religious actors. The part of the Protestant Church in the process of getting out of the electoral crisis is thus understood as the process of involving the Protestant clergy in the management of socio-political mores before, during and after electoral competitions. Undeniably, the function of the Protestant Church in French-speaking black Africa is not limited only to the mission of evangelization and prayers for peace in the nation, it extends to the management of these socio-political crises. This study is methodologically and theoretically based on documentary research and neo-institutionalism, taking into account the fact that the outcomes of electoral crises are above all political processes and action frameworks where institutional linkages mutually influence each other.
| 14 |
Author(s):
Uzamere Rasak Okunzuwa (PhD).
Page No : 178-189
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Students’ Knowledge of Political Education Concepts in Social Studies Curriculum as a Determinant of their Attitude Towards Political Participation in Edo State
Abstract
This study investigated the knowledge of concepts of political education in the Social Studies curriculum on students’ knowledge and attitude to political participation in Edo State. Over time, there has been expressed dissatisfaction by the Edo people that the government officials and representatives do not reflect public choice. There are also situations where individuals show up for voters’ registration and still fail to vote when the time comes. Nigeria has continuously been plagued by election malpractices and a whole lot of electoral misconducts which gives the impression that Social Studies education has not made a remarkable impact. The purpose of this study is to examine if the knowledge of the concepts of political education in the Social Studies curriculum can influence students’ knowledge and attitude to political participation in Edo State. Four research questions were raised to guide the study and two hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design while the population comprised all JSS I-III students from the public Junior Secondary Schools in the seven (7) local government areas in Edo South senatorial district. The Edo South senatorial district has a total of one hundred and thirty-eight (138) public Junior Secondary Schools with a population of seventy-four thousand, four hundred and forty (74,440) Junior Secondary School students. The multi-stage sampling procedure was used to draw a sample size of eight hundred and forty (840) students used for the study. The instrument for data collection was an achievement test titled, “Knowledge of Political Education Test (KPET). Its reliability was ascertained using the Kuder- Richardson 20 and it gave a value of 0.95. The data obtained were analyzed using Mean and Standard Deviation. The findings from the study indicated that political education has the capacity of influencing students’ attitude toward voters’ registration and the voting exercises. It also revealed that political education can significantly influence the attitude of students towards the rule of law, electoral process and political participation. Based on the above findings, it was recommended that Social Studies curriculum content be broadened to address the issues of political education.
| 15 |
Author(s):
Chimaobi Okorie (PhD), Okon Bassey Bassey, Emem Udoh, Eme Edim Okang.
Page No : 190-206
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Leadership and the Success of African Integration and Development Agenda: Juxtaposing the African Continental Free Trade Area – AFCFTA and Agenda 2063
Abstract
After achieving independence from slavery and colonialism, African countries implemented various developmental policies, including import substitution, industrialization, and structural adjustment programs, among others. However, political instability, civil wars, poverty, bad governance, and environmental degradation hindered the continent's progress. This paper focuses on how leadership impacts the success of African regional integration and development, specifically the African Continental Free Trade Area (AFCFTA) and Agenda 2063. The study uses content analysis and secondary sources to analyze leadership's role in achieving integration and development. The paper finds that visionary, competent, selfless leaders are crucial for achieving sustainable integration and development. These leaders should be committed to disentangling from neocolonial dependence and promoting mutual cooperation. The paper supports its findings with good governance theory and regional integration theories. Furthermore, the paper highlights the need for African leaders to unite, be disciplined, and pursue integration with integrity and transparency. This requires leaders to prioritize the continent's interests over their personal gains and reduce their reliance on foreign aid. Ultimately, the paper concludes that the success of African integration and development depends on the quality of leadership, which must be accountable, transparent, and committed to promoting the welfare of African citizens.
