| 1 |
Author(s):
Ojo Victoria Oluwatoyin (Ph.D), Prof. Adeniyi Raphael Babatunde, Adeyefa Emmanuel (Ph.D).
Page No : 1-13
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Integral Tau Method for Fourth-Order Initial Value Problems with Third Degrees of Over – Determination
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the solution of a class of fourth order initial value problems in ordinary differential equation by the integrated formulation of the tau method. The initial focus is the class with a maximum of third degree overdetermination. The matrix equations were constructed based on the degree of overdetermination and for purpose of automation. The automated Tau System was tested on some selected problems to validate the study numerical evidences, thus obtained, confirm the accuracy of the method.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Nkemakolam Hope Chioma, Olanrewaju Samuel Olayemi.
Page No : 14-36
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Trend and Determinant of Contraceptive use among Women of Reproductive Age in Nigeria
Abstract
This study examined the trend in contraceptive use among sexually active women of reproductive age in Nigeria. The study also investigated the socio-economic determinants of contraceptive use. Cross tabulations and regression analyses were performed on data from the Nigeria MICS, 2011/2012; 2016/2017 conducted by NBS in collaboration with UNICEF. The results indicate low contraceptive use among women with marked variation in contraceptive use across various socio-economic groups and administrative regions. Evidence from the regressions suggests that improving education and reducing poverty are critical in improving contraceptive use and reducing unmet need for family planning. Child survival, access to family planning services and knowledge of contraceptive methods were also found to be significant determinants of contraceptive use. A logistic regression analysis is also performed on the data to access the relationship between the dependent (women that use contraceptive) and independent variables I.e. age group, number of children, education, wealth index quartile and geo-political zone using the probit and logit regression estimation which indicate the same effects of the independent variables on contraceptive usage that; women older in age, having more children, educated, rich and are from the north central, south-south and south west of the country have more likelihood of using contraceptive while, women from north-east and north-west geopolitical zones are more likely not to use contraceptives. Hence, there is need to improve the knowledge of contraceptive use by creating awareness especially women from the north-east and north central and adequate training to community health workers should be done. The importance of improving financial and infrastructural access to contraceptives was confirmed by the findings of the study.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Faturoti Caroline, Olanrewaju Samuel Olayemi.
Page No : 37-68
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Assessment of Embryo Growth in Relation to Parental Life Style Using Multi Level Model
Abstract
Parental life-style or behavior is believed to largely influence the growth of the embryo as evident from previous works of literatures. Thus, spurring the aim of this study as to assess the embryo growth in relation to parental lifestyle and experience using an advanced statistical modelling procedure. The study sample comprised one hundred (100) pregnant women that are considered for the study, drawn from Maitama General Hospital, Abuja. Participants answered a general health questionnaire in gestational. We employed the use of statistical structural equation technique to model the relationship between the parental lifestyles (environmental factors, parental stress, parental life style, parental responsiveness and parental allocation of nutrients) and the embryo growth. The findings of the study analysis rejected the null hypothesis on environmental factors, parental stress, parental lifestyle and parental responsibilities with the reasoning that all items of the questionnaire greatly affect the growth of the embryo. While, accepting the null hypothesis the “increase in nutrition” is a necessary factor for the growth of the embryo. In conclusion, the study opines is that parental life styles greatly affect the growth of the embryo. As a consequence, a first-order implication relating to this study is for parents and health care providers to concentrate on most of the externalities that “destroys” the unborn child. This involves environmental factors, parental stress and responsibilities, nutrition and many others that may need to be addressed for the sake of the unborn generations.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Braimah Joseph Odunayo, Edike Nnamdi, Elakhe Sarah Oluwatosin.
Page No : 69-79
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Quality Assurance Monitoring of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic Outbreak in Africa Continent
Abstract
This study is a monitoring analysis of COVID-19 in Africa. The data used for the study is sourced from the Africa Centre for Disease Control (Africa CDC) as t 10:00 PM on the 24th of April, 2020, which comprises a number of Africa countries with laboratory-confirmed cases, number of death, and number of discharged/recovered cases. The quality pandemic monitoring/control tools used in this study is the fish-bone diagram, Pareto analysis, control chart, bar chart, and pie chart. The fish-bone diagram depicts the likely symptoms to check out for in a patent infected by COVID-19; the Pareto analysis shows that 14 countries to the left of this line (South Africa, Egypt, Morocco, Algeria, Cameroon, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Djibouti, Tunisia, Nigeria, Guinea, Niger, and Burkina Faso) constitute 80% of all the infected countries; the trend analysis shows that the spread of the pandemic is still on an increasing rate; and lastly, from the performance assessment, it is seen that the spread is still under control from the pie chart while the death rate is already out of control.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Wokoma D.S.A., Amadi I.U., Azor P.A..
Page No : 80-89
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Estimation of Stock Prices using Black-Scholes Partial Differential Equation for Put Option
Abstract
This paper is centred on the implementation of Black-Scholes (BS) partial differential equation (PDE) via Crank-Nicolson finite difference method for the valuation of European put option. First, we explained how Black-Scholes (BS) partial differential equation and Crank-Nicolson (CN) numerical solutions can be used to estimate option prices and then we derived the method and results obtained through our simulation studies. From the results, it was discovered that Black-Scholes analytical and CN numerical values were relatively close but increase in the variation of sigma introduced much errors in the pricing analysis; with this increase in sigma profit making within the trading days is not possible.
