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Author(s):
Editor in Chief.
Page No :
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British Journal of Contemporary Education, Volume 2 Issue 1, Complete Issue
Abstract
British Journal of Contemporary Education, Volume 2 Issue 1, Complete Issue
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Author(s):
Nene Tei-Narh, William Kwabena Nantwi.
Page No : 1-16
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Animated Infographics as A Potential Tool in Visual Art Pedagogy
Abstract
The study adopted a qualitative approach with the case study to ascertain the pedagogical environment and infographics format(s) used by Visual Art teachers in the teaching and learning of Visual Art subjects in Senior High Schools. Respondents for the study were sampled purposively and conveniently from KNUST Senior High School, Kumasi, Ghana. Findings from the study indicated the non-availability of animated infographics as an instructional tool in the Visual Art classroom and the inefficiency of instructional delivery with only textbooks. For better comprehension and achievement of instructional objectives, the study recommended animated infographics as an alternative pedagogical strategy to the conventional way of instruction in the Visual Art classroom.
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Author(s):
Imasuen Kennedy.
Page No : 17-29
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Sample Size Determination in Test-Retest and Cronbach Alpha Reliability Estimates
Abstract
The estimation of reliability in any research is a very important thing. For us to achieve the goal of the research, we are usually faced with the issue of when the measurements are repeated, are we sure we will get the same result? Reliability is the extent to which an experiment, test, or any measuring procedure yields the same result on repeated trials. If a measure is perfectly reliable, there is no error in measurement, that is, everything we observe is the true score. However, it is the amount/degree of error that indicates how reliable, a measurement is. The issue of sample size determination has been a major problem for researchers and psychometricians in reliability studies. Existing approaches to determining sample size for psychometric studies have been varied and are not straightforward. This has made the psychometric literature contain a wide range of articles that propose a variety of sample sizes. This paper investigated sample sizes in test-retest and Cronbach alpha reliability estimates. The study was specifically concerned with identifying and analyzing differences in test-retest and Cronbach alpha reliability estimate of an instrument using various sample sizes of 20,30,40,50,100,150,200,300, and 400. Four hundred and eight (408) senior secondary school students from thirty-eight (38) public senior secondary schools in Benin metropolis part took in the study. The Open Hemisphere Brain Dominance Scale, by Eric Jorgenson was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) and Cronbach alpha. The findings revealed that the sample sizes of 20 and 30 were not reliable, but the reliability of the instrument became stronger when the sample size was at least 100. The interval estimate (Fisher's confidence interval) gave a better reliability estimate than the point estimate for all samples. Based on the findings, it was, therefore, recommended that for a high-reliability estimate, at least one hundred (100) subjects should be used. Observed or field-tested values should always be used in the estimation of the reliability of any measuring instrument, and reliability should not be reported as a point estimate, but as an interval.
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Author(s):
Dr. (Mrs) Iyamu I. Florence , Mr. Imasuen Kennedy.
Page No : 30-41
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Personality Traits of Secondary School Girls Aspiring to Study Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) in Benin Metropolis of Edo State, Nigeria
Abstract
The study examined some personality traits of secondary school girls aspiring to STEM careers in the Benin metropolis of Edo State in Nigeria. This study is a descriptive survey with a correlational design. The population of the study consisted of senior secondary school girls in sciences selected from federal, state and private schools in Benin metropolis of Edo State, Nigeria. Five hundred (500) female students formed the sample for the study. The data were analyzed using frequency counts, mean, standard deviation and chi-square. The hypotheses were tested using the Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the multiple regressions. The findings of the study among others were: age and course of interest have a significant influence on girls aspiring to STEM careers; flexibility, self-esteem, enterprising, team spirit, social, and stress tolerance were exhibited by the girls; and that personality trait is a significant predictor of girls aspiring to STEM careers. It was concluded that the personality traits identified affects the single sex and mixed schools in about the same way. This implies that school type does not affect the personality traits of the girls much. Therefore, all secondary school girls have fairly equal chances of excelling in STEM careers. The study therefore recommended among others that: Parents, teachers and all stakeholders in education should be enlightened on participation of girls in STEM. Gender discrimination by employers should be discouraged. Secondary school students especially females should be encouraged to develop STEM competencies and disabuse their minds from the fear of some STEM subjects.
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Author(s):
Imasuen Kennedy, Dr. (Mrs.) I. F. Iyamu.
Page No : 42-53
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Public Junior Secondary School Teachers’ Perception and Application of School-Based Assessment in Ikpoba-Okha Local Government Area, Edo State
Abstract
One of the most important and significant developments in the Nigerian educational system was the introduction of school-based Assessment (SBA). School-based assessment is an effective classroom assessment which requires skills and practices as students react to achieve their immediate objectives. Although school-based assessment is relevant and important to both the teachers and the learners, it is still being undermined especially by the teachers. This study, therefore, examined the relevance of schools Based assessment as well as the relevance of using school assessment as a strategy for the evaluation of teaching and learning. Three research questions were raised to guide the study. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. The population comprised the teachers in the 24 public junior secondary schools in Ikpoba - Okha Local Government area of Edo State. The simple random sampling method was used to select the sample. Sixty questionnaires were administered and the entire questionnaires were returned and analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The results revealed that teachers do apply various assessment techniques in teaching any subjects, the practice of school-based assessment enhances an effective evaluation of learning outcomes by teachers after teaching, and that teachers use varieties of evaluation instruments in the assessment of students Based on the findings, it was recommended that teachers should apply various assessment techniques in teaching of any subjects; school authorities should make it compulsory that all schools must be involved in school-based assessment; teachers should be encouraged to employ varieties of evaluation instruments in the assessments of students and assessment technique employed by teachers should be such that the students can easily cope with and that will not be too rigorous for them so as not lead to their discouragement.
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Author(s):
Yakusak N. S., Yusuf A. F..
Page No : 54-63
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Effects of Language of Instruction on Junior Secondary Students’ Performance in Mathematics
Abstract
This study investigated the Effects of Language of Instruction on Junior Secondary Students’ Performance and Terminology Achievement in Mathematics. A case study of Adavi Local Government Area of Kogi State, Nigeria. A total of eighty (80) students were drawn from two (2) schools. The study was guided by two (2) research questions and two (2) hypotheses. Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT) and Mathematics Terms Achievement Test (MTAT) were used as instruments for data collection. The students were taught the concepts of Algebra, Word Problem and Fraction for two weeks. The PRE-MAT and POST-MAT were administered to the students. Mathematics Terms Achievement Test (MTAT) was administered one week after the administration of POST-MAT. The students’ scripts were scored and the resulting data were subjected to data analysis. Research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation. Hypotheses were tested using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Major findings of the study showed that the experimental group achieved higher and retained more mathematical concepts than their counterparts in the control group. It is therefore recommended that teaching mathematics strictly in English should be de-emphasis to enable the mathematics teachers to explain in the mother tongue whenever they are teaching. Also, curriculum developers should take into consideration the language interference between English and the language of the environment in their planning for junior secondary school students.
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Author(s):
Imasuen Kennedy, Stanley O. Ebuwa.
Page No : 64-73
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Assessing Score Dependability of West Africa Examination Council (WAEC) 2019 Mathematics Objective Test Using Generalisability Theory
Abstract
This study investigated score dependability in the 2019 West Africa Examination Council (WAEC) Senior Secondary School examination using the generalisability theory. The study was specifically concerned with identifying and analysing the score dependability of the Senior Secondary School 2019 WAEC mathematics objective examination using generalisability theory, and determining the highest contribution of facets: students, items and teachers to score dependability. Two research questions were raised to guide the study. The study was a survey which adopted a random effect two-facet fully crossed s×r×i design for generalisability (G) and decision (D) studies. The population consisted of fifty-six thousand, seven hundred and ninety-seven (5697) Senior Secondary three (SS3) students in the seventy-five (75) public secondary schools in Benin Metropolis for the 2019/2020 academic session. The instrument for data collection was a fifty (50) multiple choice WAEC, Mathematics 2019 examination. The instrument had been validated by the West African Examination Council (WAEC). The reliability of the items was ascertained using the Kuder – Richardson 20 (KR 20) to obtain internal consistency. It gave a value of 0.92. Data collected were analysed using the software EduG version 6.0-e based on analysis of variance (ANOVA) and generalisability. The findings which emerged from the study were the highest effects to score dependability in examination came from the interaction of students and teachers, an index of dependability (∅)of 0.92 high enough to maximise reliability was observed only when the teachers were increased to 78. Based on the findings, it was recommended that generalisability analysis should be carried out by researchers, test developers and examination bodies so as to reduce or eliminate measurement error and hence maximise reliability, and there should be enough invigilators when conducting examinations, thereby minimising error and maximising reliability (dependability) of examination scores.
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Author(s):
O.M. Oyeyipo.
Page No : 74-87
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Post Abortion Counselling Method and Emotional Counselling Method
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate Post Abortion Counselling Method and Emotional Counselling among Mothers in Cross River State, Nigeria. The selection was done through the sampling and purposive sampling technique. The questionnaire (called SMCQ) was the instrument used for data collection. The instrument was subjected to face validity by one expert in guidance and counselling and two experts in measurement and evaluation in the Faculty of Education, University of Calabar. The reliability estimate of the instrument was established through the Cronbach Alfa reliability method. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was the statistical analysis technique adopted to test the hypotheses under study. All hypotheses were subjected to testing at .05 level of significance. From the data analysis, the researcher found that post abortion counselling and emotional counselling methods significantly influence safe motherhood practices among women of reproductive age. Based on the findings of the study, the researcher recommended among others that women considered health facilities as not fully prepared to provide respectful maternal care. The researcher noted that when women are treated disrespectfully, these poor treatment discourages them from taking counselling and practising safe motherhood.
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Author(s):
Olufowoke M. Oyeyipo.
Page No : 88-99
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Antenatal Care Counselling and Hygiene Counselling Method Among Mothers in Cross River State, Nigeria
Abstract
This article provides information on antenatal counselling and hygiene counselling methods among mothers in Cross River State, Nigeria. Two research questions were drawn and two null hypotheses on the variables to direct the variables under investigation. The population was 3,006 women of reproductive age. Relevant literature was reviewed in line with the research objective. The literature employed supports the theoretical framework. Ex post facto design was implemented in the study. The selection was done through the sampling and purposive sampling technique. The reliability estimate of the instrument was established through the Cronbach Alpha reliability method. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was the statistical analysis technique adopted to test the hypotheses under study. All hypotheses under study were subjected to testing at .05 level of significance. From the data analysis, the researcher’s findings was in consonance with that of Goodburn and Campbell (2001) that antenatal counselling and hygiene are organised services provided to cater for the health needs of prenatal and postnatal women, newly delivered mothers, during labour, delivery, puerperal periods so as to reduce morbidity and mortality. On hygiene counselling, the researcher admitted that hygiene is the practice of keeping oneself and one's living and working environment clean in order to prevent illness and diseases (Centre for Diseases Control, 2009).
