| 1 |
Author(s):
Florence Tochukwu Sibeudu, Julia B. Ibebuike, Hope Nkiruka Okoye, Mariam Ahmad, Salima Meherali.
Page No : 1-20
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Exploring Contextual and Individual Factors Influencing Prevalence of Sexual Assault among Female Young People in Anambra State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Sexual assault poses a global threat, impacting victims, families, and societies both short-term and long-term. This study aims to understand the contextual and individual factors contributing to the high prevalence of sexual assault among young females (aged 10 to 24) in Anambra State, Nigeria. Conducted as a descriptive qualitative study, data were gathered from thirty-one participants, including twenty-three stakeholders and eight rape victims, through two focus group discussions (FGDs) and thirteen in-depth interviews (IDIs). Recorded data was transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically using NVivo 12. The study identified eight major contextual factors influencing sexual assault: socioeconomic status, drug abuse, level of morality, policy implementation, insecurity, and unemployment. Significant individual factors include the occupation of young people, parenting style, dressing choices, educational institution affiliation, individual conduct, and indiscriminate use of electronic devices. The study concludes that policies aimed at revitalizing moral instruction in schools, curbing drug use, addressing indecent dressing, and regulating phone use among young people are crucial in controlling sexual assault.
| 2 |
Author(s):
Dauda Rifkatu Samaila, Maimuna Umar, Pauline J. S. Doka (Ph.D.).
Page No : 21-29
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Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anaemia Among Pregnant Women Attending Primary Health Care Center Malala Dukku Local Government Area of Gombe State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy is an important health issue resulting in high maternal morbidity and mortality. The purpose of the current study was to identify the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia among pregnant women attending primary healthcare center malaladukku local government of Gombe state, the researcher pick interest on the topic as a result of high rate of anaemia in pregnancy in the research setting primary healthcare center malala, a cross sectional descriptive non-experimental design was adopted by the researcher. Questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection various literature were review which include conceptual review, theoretical review, and empirical review of prevalence, causes and preventive measures. The study assesses the prevalence iron deficiency anaemia among pregnant women, causes of iron deficiency anaemia, and the preventive measures of the condition. The result of the study shows that the prevalence of iron deficiency was high at (74.9%) many factors were considered responsible with the condition as revealed by the research work which includes previous history of the condition, imbalanced nutrition 66.6% () and malaria in pregnancy. Supplementary iron therapy during pregnancy 83.3% (), antenatal services as soon as pregnancy is confirmed, sleeping under mosquito treated net (58.3%) s and chief alternative of healthy diet (46.6%) are the preventive measures of iron deficiency anaemia as revealed by the study. There is also need for further studies on ways of preventing and reducing the rate of iron deficiency anaemia. The research work will help in enlightening the midwives, healthcare providers on the disease and its preventive measures wsith regards to clinical practice and it will also add to the body of knowledge in the medical field and the researcher’s knowledge on the condition.
| 3 |
Author(s):
Felix Bomide.
Page No : 30-50
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Factors Impacting the Recruitment and Retention of Nurses in Nigeria: Systematic Review.
Abstract
Background: Institutional policies and patient characteristics continually change the roles of Nigeria nurses, thereby making recruitment and retention of Nigeria nurses difficult. With little data on recruitment, a systematic review showed that the characteristics of Nigeria nurses’ retention are situational and interrelated, making them difficult to generalise.
Goal: To discover Nigeria nurses' recruitment and retention factors.
Sources: Data PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus (via Ovid Platform), and Web of Science were all searched for nursing literature. The search ended after 14 years (January 2010 – May 2024). Selected publications examined factors affecting Nigeria nurses’ recruitment and retention.
Review: The systematic literature review employed the revised PRISMA flowchart to present reviewed papers. Studies were evaluated using the Centre for Evidence-Based Management (CEBMa) critical appraisal techniques; eight papers qualified. Individual and institutional factors affecting Nigeria nurses’ retention were clustered around working situations and work-life balance.
Conclusion: Many factors affect Nigeria nurses’ retention, but recruitment factors are unknown, making the determination challenging. Problems with retention affect recruitment. According to major studies, retention rates differ by person and state in Nigeria, therefore further research is needed on recruitment criteria.
Keywords: Nigeria nurses, recruitment, retention, factors.
| 4 |
Author(s):
Akinpelu Adewale Oladayo, Abiodun Oluwaseun Oluwafunmilayo, Irinoye Omolola O. (Prof.).
Page No : 51-56
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Prevalence of Lassa Fever Infections in Ondo State, Nigeria.
Abstract
Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases have been of immense threat to public health in this 21st century. Among these diseases are COVID-19, Lassa fever, monkey pox, yellow fever, ebola, chicken pox disease and many others. Out of all the above mentioned diseases, lassa fever is the most recurrent and trending infectious disease in Nigeria which affects many states. It is of a great concern that Ondo state is one of the major epicentres of the virus. The objective was to examine the incidence of lassa fever in Ondo state, Nigeria. A descriptive research design using a purposive sampling technique was used to collect data. Findings revealed that in 2018, Ondo state accounted for 25% of total Lassa fever incidence cases in Nigeria, which suggests that Ondo state was one of the major epicentres of the virus in 2018. As of March 19, 2022, the figure rose to 28% of total Lassa fever incidence. This implies that Ondo state was also the major epicentre of the virus as of March 19, 2022. Furthermore, in the 42nd week of 2022, the predominant age group of the patients affected by lassa fever in Ondo state is 21–30 years. There has been a significant increase in the number of suspected and confirmed cases as compared with 2021.The factors contributing to the re-emergence of LF epidemics in Nigeria are nosocomial transmission, travel and migration, the public health system, socio-cultural factors,conflicts and the COVID-19 pandemic. In conclusion, health education of indigenous people at the community levels (especially residents of Owo and Ose Local government areas) about LF causes, preventive measures and avoidance of cultural practices that could predispose them to Lassa fever infection should be given priority. Also case management capacity and contact tracing must also be strengthened through the establishment of well-equipped and dedicated treatment/referral centers in the epicentre. Training and re-training of clinical care teams should also be given priority.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Samuel Tundealao, Oluwaferanmi Alufa, Anusha Sajja, Tolulope Titiloye, Praise Okunlola.
Page No : 57-69
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Tobacco Behavior, Attitude, Knowledge and Cessation among a Vulnerable Nigerian Population Who Smoke.
Abstract
Limited studies in Nigeria have specifically evaluated smoking attitude, behavior, and willingness to quit smoking among smokers only in any population. This study aimed to assess the tobacco behavior, attitude, knowledge, and cessation among commercial motorcycle riders who currently smoke cigarettes. Data on 64 current smokers' smoking behavior, attitude, knowledge, and cessation were extracted from a larger study that examined the relationship between tobacco use and oral health status. The study was multi-staged and cross-sectional in which participants' smoking history was collected using an interviewer-based survey. About 62% of current smokers used other forms of tobacco in addition to cigarettes. The average current smoker began smoking at the age of 17.8 (±5.63) years and was introduced to the habit by a friend or peer (96.8%). More than half of current smokers thought quitting once they got into the habit would be difficult. About 92% of current smokers lack adequate and relevant knowledge about tobacco, its use, and its health implications. Two-thirds of current smokers wanted to quit smoking right away. About half of the smokers had made at least one attempt to quit smoking in the previous year. Approximately 60% had never received help to quit smoking. A health professional had never spoken to 67% of them about their smoking habit and its implications. Although our findings revealed smokers' poor knowledge and attitude toward smoking, the high motivation to quit smoking calls for the development and implementation of smoking cessation interventions among this vulnerable population.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Okeke Helen Chiazo, Chiejina Edith Nkechi.
Page No : 70-84
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Nutritional Knowledge and Practices among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Health Facilities in Nnewi-South Local Government Area, Anambra State.
Abstract
Inadequate nutrition by pregnant women could lead to complications like anemia and birth defects. This cross sectional descriptive study was carried out to investigate the nutritional knowledge and practices among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in health facilities in Nnewi South Local Government Area (LGA) of Anambra State, Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to determine the nutritional knowledge of pregnant women and the sources of nutritional knowledge among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in health facilities in Nnewi South LGA. A sample size of 207 pregnant women was recruited using multi stage sampling technique. Questionnaire titled nutritional knowledge and practices among pregnant women was administered to the respondents to elicit information. The reliability of the instrument was established using test-retest method and the Cronbach’s alpha showed correlational score of 0.876. Descriptive and inferential Statistics were used in the data analyses. The result showed that the overall score for knowledge level of nutrition among the respondents was good 92.3%, Majority of the respondents had sources of nutritional knowledge from ANC classes (95.2%) and Midwives (94.2%). There was significant association between the pregnant women’s practice of nutrition and their educational qualification (P-value 0.004). In addition Myths and taboos as well as nutritional knowledge of pregnant women had no significant influence on nutritional practices among the pregnant women respectively (P= 0.12; P=0.123) Based on the findings the researchers recommended that nurses should intensify health education on nutrition in pregnancy in antenatal clinics, information about nutrition in pregnancy should be disseminated to all the communities in Nnewi South Local Government Area and teaching aids like food items should be used during health education on nutrition to the pregnant women.
| 7 |
Author(s):
Ibrahim Sahr Momoh, Mariama L. Kassay, Mimi K. K. Rogers, Elizabeth M. J. Faley, Francess K. Fode, Natasha K. Banya.
Page No : 85-101
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Patients Experience and Satisfaction with a Nurse-Led Diabetes Clinic Service Set Up by The Organisation of Sierra Leonean Healthcare Professionals Abroad (TOSHPA) at the Bo Government Hospital in Sierra Leone.
Abstract
Patient experience and satisfaction are two important quality measurement indices used to evaluate services especially in healthcare setting. In December 2023, a nurse-led diabetes clinic was inaugurated at the Bo Government Hospital (BGH). This patient satisfaction survey reports on the experiences and satisfaction with care received at the nurse-led diabetes clinic by a representative sample of the attending patient population.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey. Data was collected via questionnaire. The participants were consenting adults, over the age of 18 years. Females and males were equally allowed to participate in the survey. A total of 134 fully completed questionnaires were returned and included in the data analysis.
Results: The findings in this survey showed that the participants recorded high positive rating scores for various patient satisfaction parameters, including satisfaction with quality of care received, cleanliness/comfort of the clinic facility, friendliness/compassion of clinic staff, time spent with clinic staff, diagnoses, treatment plans, usefulness of the advice received and confidence in following advice received.
Conclusion: The new BGH nurse-led diabetes clinic appears to be well accepted by the patients attending BGH and has quickly established itself as a valuable service for diabetes care. The nurse-led clinic approach appears to add good value to patients’ diabetes care service experience at the Bo Government Hospital in Sierra Leone.
| 8 |
Author(s):
Leonard C. Orji, Umoh A. Ita.
Page No : 102-111
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Amygdala Hijack: Contemporary Insights into Causes, Correlates and Consequences.
Abstract
This study explores the phenomenon of amygdala hijack, where the amygdala, a key brain structure involved in emotional processing, overrides rational thinking during intense emotional experiences. The objective of this study is to provide contemporary insights into the causes, correlates and consequences of amygdala hijack through a systematic literature review of various databases and selected articles. The study is organized into several sections and subheadings to provide a comprehensive understanding of the hijack phenomenon. These sections include understanding the causes of amygdala hijack, exploring its correlates, and examining its consequences. Intervention approaches are also discussed, along with implications for individuals, clinicians and researchers. The relevance of this study lies in its contribution to the understanding of emotional processing and decision making. By delving into the amygdala hijack phenomenon, this research enhances our knowledge of how emotions can override rational thinking and influence behavior. This has implications for areas such as psychology, neuroscience and psychiatry. Limitations of the study are acknowledged, and future research directions are proposed to further explore the complexities of amygdala hijack. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the amygdala hijack phenomenon, highlighting its impact on individuals and suggesting recommendations for future research and intervention strategies.
Keywords: Amygdala Hijack, emotional regulation, neuroscience, correlate, consequences.
| 9 |
Author(s):
Grace Ogunrinde, Joel Aluko.
Page No : 112-128
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Perceived Eye Health-Seeking Behaviour of Residents of Ido Local Government Area, Oyo State Nigeria.
Abstract
Eye disease is a common global health problem that affects both young and old people. According to World Health Organization (WHO), the utilization of eye care service globally was 18% in 2014, while in Nigeria; the rate of utilization was reported to be below 25% as against the set target of 90%. This study therefore was aimed at assessing the perceived eye health-seeking behaviour of the residents of Ido Local Government Area, Oyo State, Nigeria. The study adopted quantitative cross-sectional method among 289 residents of three communities in Ido Local Government area, Ibadan. A self-administered validated questionnaire, was used for data collection. Analysis of data was done using descriptive statistic (frequency, means and standard deviation) and inferential statistics; chi- square test and correlation co-efficient which was fixed at p<0.5 level of significance. The result revealed that less than half of the respondents 135 (46.7%) had eye screening in the past, 156 (54%) had eye problems in the past, while 82(52.6 %) of them visited hospitals to solve their eye problems and others were involved in self - medication, patronized traditional healers and use over the counter drugs. Chi-square test showed a statistically significant relationship between the age of the participants and their engagement in eye screening test. In conclusion, less than half of the respondents had eye screening in the past, while a large proportion of those that had eye problems visited non-medical facilities to seek eye care services. This indicates inappropriate eye health seeking behaviour of majority of the respondents. In addition, their perceived health seeking behaviour was influenced by their age. This study recommends that more public health education need to be done to educate the community on appropriate personal eye care to ensure positive eye health seeking behaviour.
Keywords: Eye, Health-Seeking behaviour, Perceived, Susceptibility
| 10 |
Author(s):
Efuniyi Maria Aderemi.
Page No : 129-142
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Knowledge and Associated Factors Affecting the Use of Contraceptive Among Women Attending Two Selected Primary Health Care Centre in Ogun State.
Abstract
Nigeria remains one of the countries in the world with high fertility rates, despite efforts to reduce high fertility rate by increasing use of contraceptive by women of childbearing age. This study assesses knowledge and factors affecting the use of contraceptives among women. A descriptive research design with convenient sampling techniques was used for the study. A self-structured questionnaire was used as instrument for the study. A sample size of 204 women were selected as participants. Data collected was analyzed using SPSS V20. Descriptive statistics (percentage) was used to analyze characteristics of respondents. Results revealed that 58% of the respondents have low knowledge of contraceptives, and that factors affecting use of contraceptives include distance to health facility (66.7%), lack of funds (62.7%), unavailability of contraceptives on appointment date (68.7%), and factors in their culture not supporting use of contraceptives (58.8%) and belief that family planning can lead to depopulation (72.6%).
In conclusion, majority of respondents have low knowledge of use of contraceptives, and it is recommended that Government develop targeted educational campaigns to increase awareness and promote informed decision-making regarding family planning.
KEYWORDS: Contraceptives, Knowledge, Use, Factors, Culture, Family planning.
| 11 |
Author(s):
Samuel Tundealao, Oluwaferanmi Alufa, Anusha Sajja, Praise Okunlola, Tolulope Titiloye.
Page No : 143-152
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The Impact of Exposure to Tobacco Marketing on Smoking Behavior among Commercial Motorcyclists in a Sub-Urban Nigerian Community.
Abstract
Exposure to tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship (TAPS) has been associated with tobacco use. However, there has been a dearth of studies in Nigeria that have evaluated this association. This study evaluated the impact of TAPS exposure on smoking behavior among commercial motorcycle riders in Igboora community. A multi-staged cross-sectional study was used to recruit 255 commercial motorcycle riders in Igboora community using an interviewer-based questionnaire. TAPS factors associated with smoking were assessed using logistic regression. There were 138 ever-smokers and 117 never-smokers. Compared to the never smokers, ever smokers were more likely to have items with cigarette brand logo (aOR=2.36; p=0·003), watch sports or other events on TV where cigarette brand names were shown (aOR=2.56; p=0·002), see less anti-smoking messages on billboards (aOR=2.54; p=0·001), see cigarettes advertisement or promotion in newspapers and magazines (aOR=2.78; p=0·005), have been offered a free cigarette by a cigarette brand representative during tobacco promoting programs (OR=2.57; p=0·004). Our study result provided baseline information for the government to evaluate current TAPS regulatory efforts and guide future decision making.
| 12 |
Author(s):
Michael O. Ajiboye, Gloria O. Alao, Omowumi O. Ajiboye, Michael O. Oladeji.
Page No : 153-165
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Perspectives of Nursing Mothers in Ibadan Markets Regarding Management of Childhood Diarrhoea: A Qualitative Study.
Abstract
Introduction: Diarrhea is a gastrointestinal disorder characterised by the passage of three or more loose or liquid stools per day or more frequently than a normal individual should have. It can be short-term (acute) or long-term (chronic), varying from mild to severe.
Aim: The study aimed to explore the perspectives of nursing mothers in Ibadan North East local government markets regarding childhood diarrhoea management.
Method: A qualitative study was conducted among mothers of children between 0-59 months at Ibadan, precisely Ibadan Northeast local government. The study was conducted in selected Ibadan North East Local Government markets. The selection of these markets for the study was based on their high population of women with children and the moderate commercial activities. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 29 nursing mothers who were interviewed until data saturation was reached. Data was analysed using the QSR NVIVO 12 software program. Verbatim transcription was conducted while listening to the recording. The thematic analysis method was used for data analysis.
Results:This study revealed that a significant diarrhoea management pattern is using herbal mixtures and several concoctions. The primary determinant factor for this management is the strong cultural belief of the Yoruba in this herbal mixture, and Yorubas were the most populous in this research setting. Subthemes that emerged include Management options and the mother's level of knowledge, Traditional management of different types of childhood diarrhoea and actions taken during managing childhood diarrhoea.
Conclusion: This study shows that the majority of nursing mothers in Ibadan markets have a wrong perspective of childhood diarrhoea management, and this could be linked to their age, culture, education, and financial capability.
Keywords: Diarrhea, Nursing mothers, Children, Management
| 13 |
Author(s):
Constance Njideka Anukwuocha , Christiana Nkiru Okafor.
Page No : 166-178
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Awareness of the Impacts of Chemotherapy Induced Alopecia among Individuals with Cancer at the Tertiary Hospitals of the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja.
Abstract
Hair is an important aspect of human identity.Chemotherapy induced alopecia is a common side effect of the chemotherapy treatment given to cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the awareness of the impacts of chemotherapy induced alopecia among patients with cancer in the tertiary hospitals of the Federal Capital Territory. A cross sectional research design was adopted for the study. A total of 394 cancer patients with chemotherapy induced alopecia were interviewed for the study. The instrument used for data collection was a researcher developed questionnaire. Data collected were summarized using frequencies, percentages, bar and pie charts.Results showed that 109 of the respondents were males (27.7%) while 285 (72.3%) were females, 215 (54.6%) were Christians, 139 (35.3%) were Muslims, 26 (6.6%) and 14 (3.9%) were traditionalists and atheists respectively. Over 75% of the respondents reported that they are aware of the various side effects of chemotherapy including alopecia and about 43% reporting chemotherapy induced alopecia as their most devastating side effect of chemotherapy. The results on the impact of CIA also reveals that CIA affected the accomplishment of daily task in about 62.4% of the respondents, it also limited about 62.9% of the respondents from going out because of shame, it made about 82% of the respondents appear ugly, and made about 56.6 of the patients ashamed of themselves always, it made about 79.7% of the respondents unable to go out without covering their hairs, about 59.6% of the respondents had difficulty getting enough wigs that fits. The researchers concluded that a greater percentage of the respondents are aware of CIA and that CIA had a great impact on the participants. The researchers therefore recommend that more time should be devoted to creating awareness on the impacts of CIA during clinics.
Key words: Cancer, Chemotherapy, Alopecia
